秦荻輝科技英語習(xí)題以及答案

1、 練習(xí) 1I、將下列句子譯成漢語，注意句中有些冠詞的特殊位置：1. In this case the current（電流）exists for only half the cycle（周期）.2. In such a case there is no current flowing in the circuit（電路）.3. Sensitivity（靈敏度）is a measure of how small a signal（信號）a receiver（接收機）can pick up and amplify（放大）to a level useful for communications.4.

2、 may be as small a positive constant as you please.5. Even so fundamental a dimension（量綱）as time was measured extremely crudely with sand and water clocks hundreds of years ago.6. Nonlinear distortion（非線性失真）can be caused by too large an input signal.7. The method used is quite an effective one.8. A

3、series（級數(shù)）solution of this kind of problem allows as close a calculation of the error as needed.II、將下列句子譯成漢語，注意句中“and”和“or”的確切含義：1. Air has weight and occupies space.2. In this way less collector dissipation（集電極功耗）results, and the efficiency increases.3. We can go one step farther and take into acco

4、unt the nonzero slope of the actual curves.4. Try hard, and you will work the nut（螺母）loose.5. The first step in analyzing a physical situation is to select those aspects of it which are essential and disregard the others. 6. This satellite was used for communications between the United States and Gr

5、eat Britain, France and Italy.7. Some physical quantities require only a magnitude and a unit to be completely specified. Thus it is sufficient to say that the mass of a man is 85 kg, that the area of a farm is 160 acres, that the frequency of a sound wave is 660 cycles/sec, and that a light bulb co

6、nsumes electric energy at the rate of 100 watts.8. Geothermal energy, or energy from within the earth, can be used to generate electricity.9.The current in a capacitor（電容器）leads（導(dǎo)前）the voltage by 90o, or, the voltage lags the current by 90o. 10. The message is a logical unit of user data, control da

7、ta, or both.III、將下列句子譯成漢語，注意句中分?jǐn)?shù)和倍數(shù)的正確譯法： 1. By varying VBE only a few hundredths of a volt, the base current（基極電流）can be changed significantly. 2. The standard meter is accurate to about two parts in one billion. 3. Cromatographic（層析的）techniques have been developed to detect air pollutants at conce

8、ntrations（濃度）of one part per million or less. 4. The volume coefficient（體膨脹系數(shù)）of a solid is almost exactly three times its linear coefficient. 5. The demand for this kind of equipment in the near future will be 20 times what it is. 6. The wavelength of this musical note（音符）is 7.8 ft, over three time

9、s longer than the wavelength of the same note in air (2.5 ft). 7. This causes the collector current（集電極電流）to change by a factor of approximately . 8. This factor（因子）is now equal to 9, a reduction by a factor of 11. IV、將下列句子譯成英語： 1、火箭是由金屬制成的。 2、電池是能提供（give）恒定電壓（constant voltage）的一種器件（device）。 3、這是一臺多

10、好的計算機??！ 4、在計算機中，趨勢（tendency）是以盡可能高的時鐘速率（clock rate）運作（operate）。 5、必須使物體運動，要不然就沒有做功（work）。 6、這條鐵路比那條長五倍。7、普通的窗戶經(jīng)受（withstand）不了如此（so）大的力。8、這個值（value）是原來的1/3。9、這是一個太復(fù)雜的問題以至于我們在此不加討論（go into）。 10、解這個題要花費計算機半個小時（的時間）。 V、改正下列句中的錯誤，并將句子譯成漢語： 1. A 80-lb force must be used here.2. This is a too large a signa

11、l.3. Digital transmission（數(shù)字式傳輸）does not need to have as a high S/N ratio（信噪比）as analog（模擬）transmission.4. To understand physics, good knowledge of mathematics is necessary.5. This is a so sensitive instrument that it can measure slight change in pressure._ 練習(xí) 2I、將下列句子譯成漢語，并說明句中劃有橫線的介詞短語的語法功能： 1. On

12、e of the most valuable ways of representing functions is by graphical representation（圖示法）. 2. A number of conditions are classified as “occupational diseases（職業(yè)?。?” 3. Engineers may find the book of great value. 4. If you let your pencil drop to the floor, you can see gravity in action. 5. In this c

13、ase the failure point（失效點）corresponds to a factor of safety of 1. 6. The topic of trouble-shooting（故障檢修）will be discussed in Chapter 9. 7. Typical noise margins（噪聲裕度）are usually better than the guaranteed value by about 75 mV. 8. Upon the application of an external force, we can cause the body to mo

14、ve. 9. We measure resistance（電阻）in ohms. 10. Direct current（直流電）flows only in one direction. 11. We can use this device to measure a slight change in pressure. 12. The history of two-way radfio communications in some ways parallels the development of commercial radio broadcasting. II、將下列句子譯成漢語，并說明劃有

15、橫線的動詞的類別： 1. When an electric current flows through a wire, the wire will get hot. 2. That statement（陳述）sounds natural. 3. The water in the middle pipe will stand lower and thus indicates a lower pressure. 4. It takes a body（物體）precisely as long to fall from a height h as it does to rise that high.

16、5. We cannot exaggerate the danger of attempting a short circuit directly across a voltage source. III、將下列句子譯成漢語，并注意劃有橫線的副詞或副詞短語的語法功能： 1. At this time the pulse（脈沖）is over. 2. The two equations below are of great importance. 3. In general, we can say, for any body anywhere, weight = mass×accele

17、ration（加速度）due to gravity（重力）. 4. The temperatures on Jupiter（木星）and the planets beyond are extremely low. 5. The problem now is to determine the resultant（合力）of these forces. 6. With great telescopes astronomers can see stars and other things very far away. 7. The force between two charges（電荷）of 1

18、coul（庫侖）each a distance of 1 m apart is 9×109 N（牛頓）. 8. It all begin with the development 30 years ago of the transistor（晶體管）. IV、將下列句子譯成英語： 1、我們非常容易地獲得了這個結(jié)果。（要求對劃線部分用介詞短語來表示） 2、常用的儀器有許多。（要求對劃線部分用介詞短語來表示） 3、人們用牛頓（newton）為單位來度量各種力。（要求對劃線部分用介詞短語來表示） 4、重力（gravity）這一概念將在下一節(jié)介紹。 5、在這新的三章中，第一章介紹核能（nuc

19、lear energy）。 6、這兩個值相差5。 7、這種新設(shè)備與那些舊設(shè)備相比有許多優(yōu)點。 8、我們需要解這些方程把那些未知數(shù)（unknown）求出來。 9、在日常生活中，力似乎是僅僅靠“直接接觸”來傳遞（transmit）的。 10、這個結(jié)果看起來是正確的。 11、這一點無論怎樣強調(diào)也不過分。 12、它們相隔的距離是很小的。 V、改正以下句中的錯誤，并將句子譯成漢語： 1. Current is measured with amperes. 2. In this case the wheel will rotate for 360o. 3. Compared with that algor

20、ithm, the algorithm presented in this paper（論文）has two advantages. 4. These are the sufficient and necessary conditions to the equation above. 5. These parameters must maintain constant during transformation（變換）. 6. There seems to be three forces acting on the body._ 練習(xí) 3 I、將下列句子譯成漢語，并說明帶有劃線的形容詞或形容詞

21、短語的語法功能： 1. The energy contained in the pulse（脈沖）is this efficiency times the maximum attainable. 2. This measure is the key for the extremely low dc power（直流功率）achievable. 3. Everything electronic will be done digitally. 4. A rope transmits tension（張力）from one point to another unchanged. 5. Even if

22、 a student can follow every line of example in this book, that doesnt mean that he or she can solve problems unaided. 6. Their electrical and magnetic properties, often paramount, are discussed in Chapters 14 and 15. 7. These forces act on the electrons able to move freely within the wire. 8. A meth

23、od of timing（定時）accurate to millionths of a second is necessary. 9. The human body is made up of countless structures both large and small. 10. The acceleration（加速度）due to gravity（重力）is essentially constant. 11. Diffraction（繞射）and interference（干涉）are phenomena characteristic of waves. 12. A surface

24、so smooth that any irregularities（不平度）in it are small relative to the wavelength of the light falling upon it behaves differently. 13. There are many problems, both technological and financial, that remain to be solved. 14. Gravitation（萬有引力）is in every object, large or small. 15. Yet there are conne

25、ctions, neither series（串聯(lián)的）nor parallel, for which the above-mentioned phenomenon occurs. 16. Subject to certain generalizations（通則）which will be described later on, Couloms law in the form given above is restricted to point charges（點電荷）. 17. Due to the nature of the definition of the radian（弧度）, it

26、 is even common to express radians in terms of . 18. Analogous to the eyelid, the camera shutter（快門）opens for a predetermined length of time to allow the rays to enter through the lens and expose the film. 19. Both m and n are therefore even（偶數(shù)的）, contrary to our choice of m and n. 20. The force act

27、s perpendicular to the surface of the earth. II、將下列句子譯成英語，要求對劃線部分用形容詞（短語）來表示： 1、這個信息量（quantity of information）近似地正比于可用的頻率范圍（range）。2、現(xiàn)有的化學(xué)教科書均提到了這一現(xiàn)象。3、在一個正常的（normal）原子中，質(zhì)子（proton）數(shù)等于存在的電子數(shù)。4、在這篇論文（paper）中沒有什么特別的內(nèi)容。5、在這種情況下，信號波形（signal waveform）能無失真地被傳輸（transmit）。6、太陽的光線（ray）幾乎是平行地到達地球的。7、這是一個大于1的正數(shù)

28、。8、這樣的數(shù)列（sequence）必定有一個極限（limit），或是有限的（finite），或是無限的（infinite）。9、這方法能用來處理（handle）太復(fù)雜了以至于無法用目測法（by inspection）來解的問題。 10、一切系統(tǒng)，不論是生物的（living）還是機械的，都是信息和反饋控制系統(tǒng)。 11、由于結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、價格低廉，這種機器深受用戶青睞。 12、與普通的觀念（common belief）相反，戈登（Gordon）博士并不是第一個使用該金屬的人。 13、該球在平行于桌面運動。 14、這電路（circuit）工作起來類似于一個計數(shù)器（counter）。 15、這是一根長為

29、5米的直線（straight line）。_ 練習(xí) 4 I、將下列句子譯成漢語，并說明帶有劃線的物主代詞與被修飾詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系： 1. Each structure of the body（人體）is in direct communication with the brain by means of its own set of telephone wires, called nerves. 2. When food enters the stomach, its presence stimulates nerves, sending signals to centers in the b

30、rain. 3. Light is needed by the green plants to make them green and they cannot survive for long in its absence. 4. This dip（傾斜）is referred to as the “Lamp dip,” after W. E. Lamp, who predicted its occurrence on theoretical grounds. 5. Physics is the most quantitative of the sciences, and we must be

31、come accustomed to its insistence upon accurate measurements and precise relationships if we are to appreciate its results. 6. Thus far our discussion of the principles of mechanics has been concerned primarily with particles. 7. Our analysis of the various gate families（門電路系列）will be made in the ne

32、xt chapter. 8. From its definition as change in velocity divided by elapsed time, radial acceleration（徑向加速度）is expressed in m/sec2 or cm/sec2. 9. Since transformers are large, heavy, and expensive, their elimination from the circuit（電路）results in considerable savings. 10. Each of these types of mech

33、anical drives（傳動裝置）has specific features that often dictates its selection in a particular situation. II、將下列句子譯成漢語，并說明帶有劃線的代詞代替了什么東西： 1. By the “most efficient” algorithm one normally means the fastest. 2. Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current affairs. 3. The term “strain”（應(yīng)

34、變）is a geometrical one. 4. The angle between T1 and the horizontal（水平線）is the same as that between either half of the rope and the horizontal. 5. The design of the R1R2 bias（偏壓）network for the emitter follower（射極跟隨器）parallels that for the common-emitter amplifier（共發(fā)射極放大器）. 6. Where there is too much

35、 of it, the poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us. 7. Although they follow the same basic pattern described above, television receivers will be dealt with separately. 8. Although it is probably not the whole story, one effect of the hydrogen gas is to increase the resistancece（電阻

36、）between the electrode（電極）and the solution（溶液）, increasing the inernal resistance of the cell（電池）. III、將下列句子譯成英語，要求對劃線部分用名詞短語來表示： 1、這些新設(shè)備與舊的相比的優(yōu)點之一是它們的體積小。 2、由于其極為重要，這個電路（circuit）將在后面詳細討論。 3、這些球會很快停下來是由于它們與地面（ground）相互作用（interaction）的緣故。 4、我們對這個內(nèi)容（topic）的討論將在下一章進行。 5、負反饋（negative feedback）是電子學(xué)（elect

37、ronics）中的一項重要技術(shù)，對它的論述（description）將推遲（defer）到最后一章。 6、水的密度（density）比冰的高。 7、所謂效率，人們指的是輸出與輸入之比。 8、月亮離我們最近，這就是為什么它看起來很大的原因。 9、這些結(jié)果與實驗結(jié)果相吻合（be in agreement with）。 10、這些計算機與我們實驗室里的類同。_ 練習(xí) 5 I、將下列句子譯成漢語： 1. Such a glass rod the same size as the 1- copper wire would have resistance of 1019. 2. Standard chai

38、ns are made in width approximately 1.5 to 12 times the pitch（齒距）. 3. The nodes（節(jié)點）are spaced a half-wavelength apart. 4. This is a microprocessor controlled communications system. 5. To reduce the skin effect（集膚效應(yīng)）, silver plate（涂敷）the conductor（導(dǎo)體）. 6. Small transistorized equipment is often batter

39、y powered. 7. Transistors are temperature sensitive. 8. By calculating torques（力矩）about the inner end of the beam（柱子）, we eliminate Fx and Fy, a convenient simplification. 9. Upon making use of this equation, the exact frequencies found in the hydrogen spectrum are obtained a remarkable achievement.

40、 10. The air pressure in an automobile tire drops in cold weather and increases in warm weather, an illustration of the above property. 11. The independent particle model of the nucleus is able to explain the origin of these magic numbers, a strong point in its favor. 12. When the applied force is l

41、ess than F, the frictional force always equals the applied force. Otherwise, since F acts in the opposite direction to an applied force, objects would move backward when pushed weakly, something that does not, of course, occur. 13. At extremely low temperatures, near absolute zero, some conductors l

42、ose the last vestige（一點點）of resistance, a phenomenon referred to as superconductivity（超導(dǎo)性）. 14. One of the principal applications of the diode（二極管）is in the production of a dc voltage from an ac supply（交流電源）, a process called rectification（整流）. 15. The gain of electrons by an atom leads to the forma

43、tion of a negative ion（離子）. 16. This introduction requires some exposure to logic design principles, electronics, and programming. 17. The removal of enough heat from water may change it into ice. 18. The conversion of electrical energy to heat in a resistor（電阻器）is an irreversible process. 19. This

44、dependence of wave energy on A2 is true for waves of all kinds. 20. To establish the variation of the force with distance, we could use an arrangement similar to that shown in Fig. 21-5. 21. The revolution of the earth around the sun causes the changes of the seasons. 22. It is important to recogniz

45、e the influence of the physical setting on creativity. 23. The ratio of charge（電荷）to potential（電位）is called the capacitance（電容）of the body. 24. The need of a plant for water, soil and sunshine has to be obtained from its environment. 25. For clarity, the effect of gravitation on the balls motion is

46、omitted from Fig. 8-2. II、將下列句子譯成英語，要求對劃線部分用名詞（短語）來表示： 1、這是不為零的任意常數(shù)（constant）。 2、有一天，像我們太陽那么大小的小星星會變成白矮星（white dwarf star）。 3、矢量（vector）A 具有n倍矢量B的數(shù)值（magnitude）。 4、RAM硬盤（disk）的內(nèi)容（contents）完全是由用戶控制的。 5、所有這些量是取決于頻率的。 6、這些設(shè)備已由工廠精確地校準(zhǔn)（calibrate）過了。 7、在這種情況下，磁顯示器（magnetic display）往往變得在顯示方面受限制（limit）了。 8、這

47、臺儀器在相位（phase）上跟蹤（track）由電壓（voltage）控制的振蕩器（oscillator）。 9、爐子（stove）主要是通過受熱空氣的實際運動來暖和（warm）房間的，這一過程稱為對流（convection）。 10、這時，我們只需關(guān)心（be concerned with）叫出（name）無機化合物（inorganic compound）的名稱來，這一任務(wù)比較簡單。 11、在這種情況下，任何介質(zhì)材料（dielectric material）就會變成導(dǎo)體（conductor），這一現(xiàn)象稱為介質(zhì)擊穿（dielectric breakdown）。 12、我們假定（assume）電子

48、速度并不太接近于（close to）光速，這一要求（requirement）我們將在第四章討論。 13、這些測量必須在許多頻率上進行（make），這任務(wù)是頗為耗時（time-consuming）和煩人的（tedious）。 14、物質(zhì)對于電流流動的阻力（resistance）受到好幾個因素的影響。 15、這方法與例2的方法相比有一個優(yōu)點。 16、連續(xù)地（continued）使眼睛暴露（exposure）于強光（light of great intensity）會引起（cause）視力的喪失（loss of sight）。 17、周長（circumference）與半徑（radius）之比為2。

49、 18、圖1-5畫出了向心力（centripetal）Fc對這些因素的依從關(guān)系（dependence）。 19、速度隨時間的變化（情況）示于圖6-6中。 20、通過加熱把冰轉(zhuǎn)變（conversion）成水、把水轉(zhuǎn)變成水蒸汽（water vapor）是物質(zhì)狀態(tài)變化的一個例證（illustration）。 III、改正下列句中的錯誤，并將句子譯成漢語： 1. The comparison of radio waves to water waves is made in this section. 2. In order to apply these laws of motion, we must

50、take into detailed account all the various forces acting in a given situation at any point in the path of a moving body, usually the difficult and complicated procedure. 3. We may see the action（作用）of the acid（酸）at glass. 4. The choice of ln C for the constant of integration（積分常數(shù)）is reasonable. 5. C

51、onductors permit the passage of charge in them. 6. AC can be changed into DC, this process is referred to as rectification（整流）. 7. The addition（加）of impurities（雜質(zhì)）on semiconductors will make the conductivity（導(dǎo)電率）change greatly. 8. Control engineers are usually interested in the response of a control

52、 system toward these functions（函數(shù)）._ 練習(xí) 6 I、把下列句子譯成漢語： 1. The word radar comes from Radio Detection（探測）And Ranging（測距）. 2. Arithmetic, the science of numbers, is the base of mathematics. 3. The quiescent dc power dissipation（靜態(tài)直流功耗）in this case is typically 5 nW, an extremely small figure. 4. Now de

53、fine an ideal radiator（輻射體）as a “black” body, one that absorbs all incident radiation（入射輻射）and reflects and transmits none of it. 5. The above analysis describes the steady-state condition of a circuit, the condition that prevails after the circuit has been connected to the source（電源）for a long time

54、. 6. Five sensing channels（感官渠道）, sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch, feeds inputs to the brain. 7. An American, Edison, invented the first electric lamp. 8. This chapter examines the properties of an important nonlinear（非線性的）device, the diode rectifier（二極管整流器）. 9. Two or more elements may comb

55、ine chemically to form a compound, a new substance whose properties are different from those of the elements that compose it. 10. In this chapter, the process of measurement, the most fundamental operation in physics, is discussed briefly. 11. An instrument for measuring electric resistance, the ommeter（歐姆表）