初中英語狀語從句和練習(xí)題

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上狀語從句的分類一、時間狀語從句時間狀語從句表示時間，引導(dǎo)詞有：when, while, as, till, until before, after, since等。時間狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞所表示的意思不盡相同，要注意把握不同引導(dǎo)詞所表示的不同時間關(guān)系，以及它在具體句子中對應(yīng)的時態(tài)、語態(tài)等問題。注意：as（在時候，因為），since（自從，因為），它們可以引導(dǎo)時間從句，并強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動作同事發(fā)生。并且while有時還可以表示對比。例如：（1）While my mother was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(rea

2、d是延續(xù)性的動詞，read和watch同事發(fā)生)I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜歡踢足球，而你喜歡打籃球。（對比） （2）when（當(dāng)?shù)臅r候），引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是瞬間動詞。從句動作可與主語動作同事發(fā)生，也可在其后發(fā)生。I was reading a book when she came into my room.(come是瞬間動詞，只能用when引導(dǎo)，不能用while)I often missed my home when(while) I lived in NewYork.（

3、live是延續(xù)性動詞，when可用while代替）（3）when和while的區(qū)別還在于：while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句多用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)，而when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句多用于一般時態(tài)。While they were talking, the bell rang.正在他們談話的時候，上課鈴響了。（4）as譯作 “一邊一邊”、“隨著”，側(cè)重主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生。有時可與when，while通用。We always sing as we walk.我們總是邊走邊唱。（as表示“一邊一邊”）As you grow, you will know more and more。隨著年齡的增長，你會懂得越來越多

4、。2.till或until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句till，until（直到才）：一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用until。till不可以在句首，而until可以放在句首。注意：如果主句中的的謂語動詞是瞬間動詞時，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。例如：I didnt go to bed until(till) my father came back.直到我父親回來我才上床睡覺。（go to bed 是瞬間動詞，主句用否定形式）I talked until he came back.我工作到他回來為止I didn't

5、work until he came back.他回來我這才開始工作Please wait until I arrived.在我到達(dá)之前等我。3.since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句Since（自從）：引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，也可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，而主句的謂語動作用現(xiàn)在完成時。但在It is+時間+since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：I have been in Beijing since you left. 自從你離開以來，我一直在北京。Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你見面

6、以后，你到哪里去了？It is five months since our boss was in Beijing. 我們老板離開北京有五個月了。4.由before和after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句注意：（1）before（在之前）：引導(dǎo)的從句不再用否定的謂語。（2）當(dāng)主句用將來時，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時；如果before引導(dǎo)的從句謂語用的是過去時。則主句動詞多用過去完成時，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動作發(fā)生的先后。（3）after（在之后）：表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。如果主句用的是過去時，則從句多用過去完成時。例如：It will be four days before they come back. 他們要

7、過四天才能回來My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父親恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。After we had finished the work, we went home. 完成工作之后，我們回家了（從句用過去完成時，主句用一般過去時）5.由as soon as ,immediately, directly ,instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute,等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句：這些連詞都表示“一就”。例如：I will go there directly I

8、have finished my breakfast.吃完早飯，我立即到那里去。The moment I heard the news, I went to the school. 我一聽到消息，馬上趕到了學(xué)校。As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就給你來電話。注意 hardly（scarcely，rarely）when,before，no sooner than相當(dāng)于 as soon as之意。主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時態(tài)。當(dāng)hardly，scarcely, rarely和 no sooner位于句首時，主句應(yīng)用倒

9、裝語序。例如：Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in ,我剛坐下，他就進(jìn)來了。二、原因狀語從句原因狀語從句表原因，常見的引導(dǎo)詞有：because（因為），since（既然），as（既然），for（因為）1.becausey引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句一般放于主句之后，because表示直接原因，語氣最強(qiáng)，回答why引導(dǎo)的疑問句必須使用because。I do it because I like it.Why didnt he come yesterday?Because he had something important to do.注意 “notbecaus

10、e” 結(jié)構(gòu)中的not否定的是because引導(dǎo)的整個從句，例如：The country is not strong because it is large.國強(qiáng)不在大.2Since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句一般位于主句之前，表示已知的、顯然的理由。通常被翻譯成“既然”，較為正式，語氣比because弱。Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics,既然今天你休息，你最好幫我補(bǔ)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)。3.as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時表示附帶說明的“雙方已知的原因”，語氣比since弱，較正式，位置較靈活，常放于主句之前。As it i

11、s raining, youd better take a taxi，既然在下雨，你最好乘出租汽車。4. for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提供一些輔助性的補(bǔ)充說明，for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句只能放于主句之后并且必須用逗號將其與主句隔開。He could not have seen me, for I was not there.他不可能見過我，因為我不在那里。三、條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)條件句常用的連詞有if（如果），unless（如果不，除非）等，條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句一樣，表示將來要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。We wont let you in unless you show y

12、our pass.If you fail again this time,what will you do?（1）if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句表示將來時，要用一般現(xiàn)在時代替，主句仍使用一般將來時態(tài)。（2）將if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句和狀語從句進(jìn)行混淆考查，賓語從句中的if表示“是否”，可以使用一般將來時。四、讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句表示“雖然，即使，盡管”。引導(dǎo)詞有although，though，even though, even if都表示“雖然，即使，盡管”之意。主句中不能用but，但可用yet、Though和although語氣較弱（其中的though比although通俗，不如although正式）

13、，even if和even though帶有強(qiáng)調(diào)意味而顯得語氣更強(qiáng)。例如：Although they are poor ,they are happy yet.雖然他們很窮，但很快樂The article is very important though it is short.那篇文章雖然很短，但很重要。Even though it was raining, she walked to work.即使下雨，她也是走著去工作的。Ill visit him this evening even if I can stay only a few minutes.今晚我將去拜訪他，即使我只能停留一小會

14、兒。注意though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句的用法比較特殊，它可以倒裝，也可以不倒裝。五、地點狀語從句地點狀語從句常由where和wherever引導(dǎo)，通常可置于主句之前或之后。如：We should go where(ver) we are most needed,我們要去最需要我們的地方。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。六、目的狀語從句目的狀語從句通常由so that, in order that 引導(dǎo)，所引導(dǎo)的從句通常放在主句后面。目的狀語從句中的謂語常含有may (might),can (could),shall ,will 等情態(tài)

15、動詞。如：He always takes a seat in the first row so that/in order that he can hear better.= In order that he can hear better, he always takes a seat in the first row.為了聽得更清楚，他總是坐前排的座位。七、結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句常由so that, sothat, suchthat等引導(dǎo)，放在主句之后，sothat與suchthat句型在一定條件下可轉(zhuǎn)換。如：He made such an excellent speech that e

16、veryone admired him.= He made so excellent a speech that everyone admired him.他的演講如此精彩以至于每個人都很欽佩他。注意 so that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句和目的狀語從句的辨別so that從句之前有個逗號的常為結(jié)果狀語從句，因表示某一行為帶來的結(jié)果，從句中的時態(tài)常為過去式；so that從句中有may（might），can（could），should, will等情態(tài)動詞的通常是目的狀語從句。如：I wrote as clearly as possible, so that I got high marks.(目的

17、)我盡可能地寫清楚些，這樣可以得高分。He went to the lecture early so that he could get a good seat.（目的）他很早就去聽報告了，以便可以找到一個好座位。He went to the lecture early, so that he got a good seat.（結(jié)果）他很早就去聽報告了，這樣他就找到一個好座位。八、比較狀語從句1.比較狀語從句常由asas，not so（as），than引導(dǎo)。比較從句部分常為省略句。如：His brother is as handsome as he (is)/him.(非正式英語中可用賓格hi

18、m)他弟弟和他一樣英俊。He swims faster than any other student in his class(does).他比班上其他任何人都游得快。2.通常把the morethe more結(jié)構(gòu)也歸為比較從句，意為：“越越”。如：The harder you work, the greater progress youll make.你越努力學(xué)習(xí)，就會取得越大的進(jìn)步。The less she worried, the better she worked.她擔(dān)心得越少，就工作得越好。九、方式狀語從句1.方式狀語從句常由（just）as（像），as if/though（好像）引

19、導(dǎo)，表示動作的方式。如：Do exactly as the doctor says.一定要按照大夫的話去做。He walked slowly as if/though he had hurt his leg.他慢慢地走著，仿佛是腿受了傷。注：在非正式問題中有時會用like代替as引導(dǎo)方式從句。2.as if/though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，若描述非事實情況，常用虛擬語氣，若描述的是實際情況，用陳述語氣。如：She treats the orphan as if/though he was her own child.她對待孤兒就像是她自己的孩子一樣。（他是孤兒，當(dāng)然就不是她親生孩子，故用虛擬語氣。

20、）It looks as if/though its going to rain.看起來天像是要下雨了。（本句用的是陳述語氣，說明天真象是要下雨了。）實戰(zhàn)演練(2×50) 計分:1. I dont know if it tomorrow ,if it , we wont go on a picnic.A. rains; rainsB. will rain; rainsC. will rain; will rain2. We cant go to the zoo _ the weather is fine tomorrow.A. unless B. if C. because3. Ju

21、st work hard, _ your dream will come true.A. but B. and C. or4. Dont cross the street _ the traffic lights are green.A. after B. until C. when5. _ they may not succeed, they will try their best.A. Though B. Because C. Unless6. We will have no water to dink we dont protect the earth.A. until B. befor

22、e C. if7. Luckily, all the students got out of the teaching building if fell down.A. until B. before C. after 8. My grandma didnt go sleep I got back home.A. where B. until C. as soon as 9. Uncle Wang gave all his savings to the Hope School _he himself was not rich.      A.

23、because                 B. as if                   C. though      10.Youll do better you are more careful

24、 with your spelling.A .if B. before C. although 11.The sports meeting will continue it rains this afternoon.A. if B. since C. unless12.Ill give her the message she comes back.A. till B. before C. as soon as13.Jim is going to be a doctor when he _ .          A.

25、 will grow up          B. grows up                C. grow up    14.Did you catch what the teacher said?No. She spoke so fast I couldnt hear her very clearly.A .which

26、 B. that C. when 15.The teacher speaks very loudly all the students can hear her.A. so that B. because C. since 16. Study hard, _ you will catch up with your classmates.A. andB. orC. but17. Several days has passed _ the terrible earthquake happened in Japan.A. after B. sinceC. as18. Its raining outs

27、ide. Dont leave _ it stops.A. When B. sinceC. until19. _ its difficult to make her dream come true, but she never gives up.A. ThoughB. /C. Because20. _ you go to the party, you will have a good time. A. If B. Though C. Because21.- Is WuDong at school today ? - No, he is at home_ he has a bad cold. A

28、. When B. Though C. Because22.There are many books on math in the bookshop that he cant decide which to choose. A. so B. too C. such 23.He got up early he could get to school on timeA. even though B. as if C. so that 24.She is short she cant reach the buttons of the liftA .so, that B. such, that C.

29、too, to 25.-Mum, what did the doctor say ? - He asked me to live _ the air is fresher. A. where B. when C. because26.The piano in the other shop will be _ ,but_. A. cheaper ; not as better B. more cheap; not asbetter C. cheaper ; not as good 27.All of us havent seen Mike he left our city.A. when B.

30、until C. since28. they are poor, yet they are very honest.A. Because B. Although C. When 29. -What was the party like?-Wonderful. Its years _I enjoyed myself so much.A. after B. before C. since30. Why do you want a new job _you got such a good one already?A. that B. where C. when 31. You will be lat

31、e _you leave immediately.A. unless B. until C. if 32. We wont give up _we may fail ten times. A. even if B. since C. whether 33. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she _.A. will arrive B. arrives C. is arriving 34. The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A. will r

32、ain B. rains C. rained 35. It rained_ heavily that they didnt come.A. as B. too C. so 36. I often visited Tianan Men Square _I was staying in Beijing.A. until B. during C. while 37. He always thinks Im wrong, _I may say.A. no matter whatever B. whatever C. what 38. _the rain has stopped, lets continue to work.A. Because B. If C. That 39. They waited _it was dark A. until B for C. because40. You will catch a cold _put on more clothes