初中英語(yǔ)中考復(fù)習(xí)資料大全

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用于下面幾情況：1) 描述當(dāng)前時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。在這種情景中，句子常帶有表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc。) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是習(xí)慣性的、經(jīng)常性的。例如：They raise ducks as a sideline 。他們以養(yǎng)鴨為副業(yè)。She doesnt often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常給家里寫信，僅一月一封而已

2、。I cycle to work every day 。我每天騎自行車上班。It seldom rains here 。這兒很少下雨。2)僅為了描述狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征、能力等等。這里的目的是為了描述現(xiàn)階段的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其重點(diǎn)不是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、或進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)。例如：He can speak five foreign languages 。他能說(shuō)五種外語(yǔ)。That is a beautiful city 。那是座美麗的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 長(zhǎng)江是世界上最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。She majors in

3、 music 。她主修音樂(lè)。All my family love football 。我全家人都喜歡足球。My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹總是樂(lè)于助人。3) 陳述客觀事實(shí)、客觀真理。顧名思義，客觀的情況是沒(méi)有時(shí)間概念的；也不會(huì)在意動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)。例如：The sun rises in the east 。日出東方。The earth goes around the sun 。地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。Ten minus two is eight。十減二等于八。Light travels faster than sound 。光的速度比聲音的速度

4、快。The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美國(guó)位于太平洋西岸。4) 根據(jù)英文語(yǔ)法規(guī)定，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回來(lái)時(shí)，我將告訴他這個(gè)消息。If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details。如果你接受這份工作，他們將和你談?wù)劶?xì)節(jié)。用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的副詞，除了上面提到

5、的一些表示頻率的以外，常見的還有：now, today , nowadays等等。一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要是用來(lái)描述在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。它也可以用來(lái)表示在過(guò)去某段時(shí)間里經(jīng)常發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。這一點(diǎn)在表達(dá)意義上與一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)相同，只是所在的時(shí)間區(qū)域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此，所以在使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子里常常有一個(gè)意義較具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。這也是它與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的 最大區(qū)別之一。一般過(guò)去時(shí)由謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示，也就是說(shuō)動(dòng)詞詞末要加-ed(除不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞外)。常和一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：last night (week ,month , year , century , etc。)

6、 , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening ) , in 1999 , two hours ago ( one week ago , tree years ago , )等等。使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，在某種意義上說(shuō)就是要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在于過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)候。過(guò)去的時(shí)間概念有兩層意思：一是指現(xiàn)在某個(gè)時(shí)間以前 的時(shí)間；二是指說(shuō)話、寫文章的那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)以前的時(shí)間，在這個(gè)意義上，現(xiàn)在的那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)是很小很小的，甚至于小到無(wú)法量化的程度。例如：He got his driving licens

7、e last month. 他上個(gè)月拿到了駕照。-Wheres Jim? 吉姆在哪里？-He just went out。他剛剛出去。一般將來(lái)時(shí)概念：一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來(lái)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。一、常見的將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, this afternoon, this year, before long,in the future, some day(將來(lái)的某一天)， next year, next Sunday, soon,in ten days(十天后) 等二、一般將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+ will (s

8、hall) + 動(dòng)詞原形 。動(dòng)詞一般將來(lái)時(shí)，表示將要發(fā)生事(所有人稱都可以用will，shall只用于I, We 后面)如：肯定式：They will finish the work next week.否定式： They wont finish the work next week.疑問(wèn)式： Will they finish the work next week?Yes, they will. / No, they wont. (注意：不能用Yes, theyll.)特殊疑問(wèn)句：How many books will you give us?Ill give you thirty books

9、.2. 主語(yǔ)+ be (am, is, are) going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 。be going to, 表打算，準(zhǔn)備計(jì)劃將來(lái)干;表可能，有必然，通過(guò)現(xiàn)象來(lái)判斷。如：Im going to see a film this evening. 今晚上我打算去看電影。Its going to rain. 天要下雨了。We arent going to have any lessons next week. 我們下周不上課。3. will/ shall 和 be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別(1) 對(duì)于事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮的打算、計(jì)劃，應(yīng)使用be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)。Why are you takin

10、g down all the pictures? I am going to repaint the wall.(2) 對(duì)于事先未經(jīng)過(guò)考慮的打算、計(jì)劃，而是臨時(shí)起意，則用will 結(jié)構(gòu)。常見于會(huì)話時(shí)，乙聽了甲的話做出的反應(yīng)。Where is the telephone book? Ill go and get it for you .(3) 表示即將發(fā)生某事時(shí)，兩者區(qū)別不大，多可互換。What is going to happen? -What will happen?be going to 一般指較近的將來(lái)，will則表示較遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)。(4) 正式的通知等多用will.4. 其他一般將來(lái)時(shí)表達(dá)

11、結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) 少數(shù)幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞如go, come, start, arrive等，當(dāng)表示根據(jù)規(guī)定時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表示。My train leaves at 6:30. 我乘的火車將在6：30開。另外，時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，“主將從現(xiàn)”Ill let you know as soon as I hear from him.Hell go fishing if it is fine tomorrow.(2) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。go, come, leave, arrive, start, stay, return等表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。Im going to th

12、e park with my parents on vacation.(3) be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形, 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。The concert is about to begin. 音樂(lè)會(huì)即將開始。(4) be +動(dòng)詞不定式，表示安排或計(jì)劃好的動(dòng)作。There is to be a sports meeting next week.語(yǔ)法練習(xí)：I. 用適當(dāng)形式填空1. It _ be Wednesday tomorrow.2. Betty _ write to her grandma next week.3. _ you please give him this letter?

13、4. I _ never do that again.5. She has bought some cloth; she _ make herself a dress.6. -Oh, what a heavy box! I cant lift it.-What! I _ carry it for you.7.In China, wherever you _(go), you_(see) friendly people.8. Lao Zhao has saved some money and he _ (buy) a TV set.9. The express from Beijing to S

14、hanghai _ at 8:45.II. 單選1 We _go home until we finish the work.A dont B wont C will2 Tom _ six years old next month. A will be B will is C is going to3 Look at the clouds? It _ rain. A is going B will be C is going to4 We _ go home until we finish the work.A dont B wont C will5 We must take the sick

15、 man to hospital. He _.A is dying B is going to die C will die6 Could you tell me _ the meeting.A when shall we have B when we would have C when to have7 Ill talk to him when he_.A come B will come C comes D came8 I dont know if it_ tomorrow.A rains B will rain C is rain D is raining9 There _ a scho

16、ol three years ago.A were B use to have C used to be D will be英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法時(shí)態(tài)的幾種轉(zhuǎn)換英語(yǔ)中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見的轉(zhuǎn)換形式：一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間+ago”的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型中；瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)，與一段時(shí)間連用；瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“It is+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)”的句型中，表示“自從以來(lái)有時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用it is來(lái)代替It has bee

17、n；瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Sometime has passed since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)”的句型中。請(qǐng)看：A。He joined the League two years ago。B。He has been in the League for two years。 C。It is two years since he joined the League。 D。Two years has passed since he joined the League。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work（在工作），at school（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短

18、語(yǔ)可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請(qǐng)看：Peter is at work，but Mike is at play。Peter is working，but Mike is playing。三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來(lái)時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o，come，leave，start，arrive等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I am coming，Mum！意為“我就來(lái)，媽媽！”請(qǐng)看：The train is leaving soon。The train will leave soon。四、“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”與“will（shall）+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換“be going

19、 to+動(dòng)詞原形”、表示打算、計(jì)劃要做的事；將來(lái)時(shí)“will（shall）+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)在書面語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall。在口語(yǔ)中，所有人稱都可以用will。請(qǐng)看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday。We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday。表示將來(lái)的五種非時(shí)態(tài)方式1、“be+不定式”：表示命令、安排、傾向或必須、義務(wù)等。如：She is to play Juliet。她扮演朱麗葉。You are to make the necessary changes。你要做出必要

20、的改變。2、“be about to+不定式”：表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，有“即將”的意思，但不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：The package is about to come unwrapped。那個(gè)包快散開了。3、“be going+不定式”：表示按計(jì)劃或安排打算去做某事，或表示有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事。如：We are going to call her this evening。我們打算今晚給她打電話。My sisters going to have a baby this summer。我姐姐今年夏天要生孩子。4、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)：主要表示按規(guī)定或時(shí)間預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的事。如：The stu

21、dents are leaving on Sunday。學(xué)生們星期日出發(fā)。Were having a party next week。我們下星期將開一個(gè)晚會(huì)。5、用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)：表示按規(guī)定或時(shí)間預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的事。如：We have a holiday tomorrow。我們明天放假。The train leaves at 10：04 this evening?；疖嚱裢?0：04分開。must表示推測(cè)1) must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測(cè)，意為一定。2) must表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)， must 后面通常接系動(dòng)詞be 的原形或行為動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式。You have wo

22、rked hard all day .You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。(對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)判斷)He must be working in his office. 他一定在辦公室工作呢。比較：He must be staying there.他現(xiàn)在肯定呆在那里。He must stay there。他必須呆在那。3) must 表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)，must 要接完成式。I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep.我剛才沒(méi)有聽到電話，我想必是睡著了。4) must表示對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，must

23、后面要接不定式的完成進(jìn)行式。-Why didnt you answer my phone call?-Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didnt hear it。5) 否定推測(cè)用cant。If Tom didnt leave here until five oclock, he cant be home yet.如果湯姆五點(diǎn)才離開這兒，他此時(shí)一定還未到家。比較have to和must1) 兩詞都是必須的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要， must 表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。My brother was very ill, so I

24、had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(客觀上需要做這件事)He said that they must work hard. 他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。(主觀上要做這件事)2) have to有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。但must 可用于間接引語(yǔ)中表示過(guò)去的必要或義務(wù)。He had to look after his sister yesterday。3)在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：dont have to表示不必 mustnt表示禁止，You dont have to tell him

25、 about it.你不一定要把此事告訴他。You mustnt tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。比較may和might1) 表示允許或請(qǐng)求；表示沒(méi)有把握的推測(cè)；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。May God bless you!He might be at home。注意： might 表示推測(cè)時(shí)，不表示時(shí)態(tài)。只是可能性比may 小。2) 成語(yǔ)： may/might as well，后面接不帶to 的不定式，意為不妨。If that is the case, we may as well try。典型例題Peter _come with us tonight, bu

26、t he isnt very sure yet。A. mustB. may C. can D. will答案B. 表可能性只能用may.此句意可從后半句推出。比較can 和be able to1)cancould 表示能力；可能 (過(guò)去時(shí)用could)，只用于現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式(could)。be able to可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告訴你消息了。2)只用be able toa. 位于助動(dòng)詞后。b. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后。c. 表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻動(dòng)作時(shí)。d. 用于句首表示條件。e. 表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，只能用was

27、/were able to， 不能用could。He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out。= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out。注意：could不表示時(shí)態(tài)1)提出委婉的請(qǐng)求，(注意在回答中不可用could)。- Could I have the television on?- Yes, you can. / No, you cant。2)在否定，疑問(wèn)句中表示推測(cè)或懷疑。He couldnt be a bad man.他不大可能是壞人。比較so和such其規(guī)律由so與

28、such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many，few，much， little連用，形成固定搭配。so + adj.such + a(n) + n。so + adj. + a(n) + n.such + n. (pl。)so + adj. + n. (pl。) such +n. (pl。)so + adj. + n. 不可數(shù)such +n. 不可數(shù)so foolish such a foolso nice a flower such a nice flowerso many/ few flowers su

29、ch nice flowersso much/little money.such rapid progressso many people such a lot of peopleso many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。sothat與suchthat之間的轉(zhuǎn)換既為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。動(dòng)詞不定式 動(dòng)詞不定式是初中英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)之一，也是每年中考英語(yǔ)試題的考點(diǎn)之一。它是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨(dú)作句子的謂語(yǔ)。其構(gòu)成形式為to+動(dòng)詞原形，to為動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)，本身無(wú)意義。動(dòng)詞不定式具有

30、兩大特點(diǎn)：1.具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，因此，后面可以跟表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。2.具有名詞、形容詞或副詞的特點(diǎn)，可以在句子中用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)及同位語(yǔ)等。下面以近幾年全國(guó)部分省市的中考英語(yǔ)試題為例，對(duì)不定式的難點(diǎn)以及它在中考英語(yǔ)中的考查點(diǎn)，作一簡(jiǎn)要的總結(jié)和分析，供同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)參考。一、動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)1. Its our duty _ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肅省)2. Its hard for us _ English well.A. learn B. lear

31、ns C. to learn D. learning(江西省)3.建造這座立交橋?qū)⒒ㄙM(fèi)工人們一年多的時(shí)間。It will _ the workers over a year _ _ the flyover.(北京市海淀區(qū))4. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to(安徽省)Keys： 1. A 2. C 3. take， to， build 4. B簡(jiǎn)析動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以直接放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面的主語(yǔ)位置，也可以用先行詞it作形式

32、主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)(不定式)置于后面。常見的句式有：(1)It is +形容詞(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名詞(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +形容詞(for sb)to do sth.句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容詞，與介詞of搭配，這些形容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語(yǔ)的屬性或性質(zhì);句式(4)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容詞，與介

33、詞for搭配，表示不定式表示的動(dòng)作、行為的性質(zhì)。二、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)1. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省)2. Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking (福建省)3. He found it very difficult _.A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep (湖

34、南省)Keys： 1. C 2. A 3. D簡(jiǎn)析在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， seem， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等動(dòng)詞后面，可以接不定式作賓語(yǔ)。如果其后接形容詞補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，則可以用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把作真正賓語(yǔ)的不定式放到后面。三、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.A. help him B. to help him

35、with C. to help with D. helps him with (江蘇省)2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肅省)Key： 1. B 2. C簡(jiǎn)析不定式可以用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。后面可以接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow等。四、動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)1. She went _ her teacher.A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing (

36、江西省)2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)Key： 1. A 2. C簡(jiǎn)析go， come， try， do / try ones best等動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后常?？梢越硬欢ㄊ阶髂康臓钫Z(yǔ)。3. Im sorry _ that.A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear (河北省)4. Im sorry _ you.A. trouble B. to trou

37、ble C. troubling D. troubled (吉林省)5. My mother was very glad _ her old friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets (甘肅省)Keys： 3. D 4. B 5. A簡(jiǎn)析be +形容詞+ to do sth結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式作狀語(yǔ)，常表示原因或方式。6. The panda is so fat that it cant go through the hole.(改為意思相同的句子)The hole _ _ _ _ such a fat panda to go through. (廣東省)7

38、. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldnt skate on it. (改為意思相同的句子)The ice on the lake wasnt _ enough _ people _ _ _. (廣東省)Keys： 6. is， too， small， for 7. thick， for， to， skate， on簡(jiǎn)析在上述too +形容詞/副詞(for sb)to do(太而不能)和enough (for sb) to do(足以、足夠做)結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。五、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)1. Would you like som

39、ething _?A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks (湖北省)2. I have a lot of homework _.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省)3. He is not an easy man _.A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山東省)Key： 1. C 2. D 3. D簡(jiǎn)析不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常放在被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之后，與被修飾的詞語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系;如果不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后要加上必要的介詞或

40、副詞，構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞。六、不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式1. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs.A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered (河南省)2. So much work usually makes them _ very tired.A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel (吉林省)3. Your father is sleeping. Youd better _.A. not wake up him B. not to wake up himC.

41、 not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陜西省)4. I was made _ my homework in the afternoon.A. do B. doing C. to do D. did (貴州省)Key： 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C簡(jiǎn)析1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官動(dòng)詞和make， have， let等使役動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式不帶to.但是在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式要帶to(let沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))。2.在had better后面接不帶to的不定式。七、動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式1. Mr Bla

42、ck asked the man _ the queue.A. not to jump B. to not jumpC. didnt jump D. not jump (廣西壯族自治區(qū))2. The old man told the child _ noisy.A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)3. There is going to _ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try _ late.A. have， not to be B. have， not beC. be， not t

43、o be D. be， not be (內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū))Key： 1. A 2. B 3. C簡(jiǎn)析動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符號(hào)to的前面加上not，如果是不帶to的不定式就直接在動(dòng)詞原形前面加上not.八、某些動(dòng)詞后面接不定式和接動(dòng)詞-ing形式的區(qū)別1. Please stop _ a rest if you feel tired.A. to have B. having C. have D. has (廣西壯族自治區(qū))2. Why didnt you buy some bread on your way home?Sorry, I forgot _ some money with

44、me.A. take B. taking C. to take D. took (湖北省)3. Lets have a rest, shall we?Not now, I cant stop _ the letters.A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write (湖北省)4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop _ (walk). (用所給單詞的正確形式填空)(四川省)Key： 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. walking簡(jiǎn)析一些常見的動(dòng)詞后面接不定式和接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式的區(qū)別如下：stop to

45、do sth意為停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事，stop doing sth意為停止正在做的事：remember to do sth意為記住去做某事(事還未做)，remember doing sth意為記得做過(guò)某事(事已做)：go on to do sth意為接著做某事(做完一事，接著做另一事)，go on doing sth意為繼續(xù)做某事(一事未做完接著往下做)：forget to do sth意為忘了做某事(事還未做)，forget doing sth意為忘了曾做過(guò)某事(事已做)。5. When I was walking in the street I saw a plane _ ove

46、r my head.A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly (福建省)6. A woman saw it _ when she was walking past.A. happen B. happens C. happening D. to happen (黑龍江省)Key： 5. B 6. A簡(jiǎn)析在see， hear， watch， feel等感官動(dòng)詞后面可接不帶to的不定式，也可接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，用不定式表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程(動(dòng)作已結(jié)束)，用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行(動(dòng)作尚未結(jié)束)。九、動(dòng)詞不定式的省略及其符號(hào)to的保留1. Woul

47、d you like to go to the cinema with us?Yes, _. What time are we going to meet?A. I would B. I would like C. I like to D. Id like to (浙江省)2. Would you like to go for a picnic with us?_. What time are we going to meet?A. No, I cant B. Yes, Im gladC. Yes, Id love to D. Id like (大連市)Keys： 1. D 2. C簡(jiǎn)析在口語(yǔ)

48、中，動(dòng)詞不定式中的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在上下文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)時(shí)，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式可以省略，但是to不可省略。這種用法常見于be glad to，would like (love) to，have to等結(jié)構(gòu)中。十、動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式和其他形式The new hospital _ is near the factory.A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built (青海省)Key： D簡(jiǎn)析當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者(賓語(yǔ))時(shí)，用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式，即：to be +過(guò)去分詞;如果不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前，不定式用完成

49、式，即：to have +過(guò)去分詞;如果不定式表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，用不定式的進(jìn)行式，即：to be +現(xiàn)在分詞比較and和or1) 并列結(jié)構(gòu)中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。2) 但有時(shí)and 也可用于否定句。請(qǐng)注意其不同特點(diǎn)：There is no air or water in the moon。There is no air and no water on the moon。在否定中并列結(jié)構(gòu)用or 連接，但含有兩個(gè)否定詞的句子實(shí)際被看作是肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，因此要用and。典型例題-I dont like chicken _ fish.-I dont like chic

50、ken, _ I like fish very much。A. and； and B. and； butC. or； butD. or；and答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表轉(zhuǎn)折。判斷改錯(cuò)：(錯(cuò)) We will die without air and water。(錯(cuò)) We cant live without air or water。(對(duì)) We will die without air or water。(對(duì)) We cant live without air and water。單詞及詞組分組辨析1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes 統(tǒng)指各

51、種衣服，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)，cloth 指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱指一件衣服用 a piece of, an article of2. incident , accidentincident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故 He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount 后接不可數(shù)名詞，number 后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students4. family, house, homehome 家，包括住處和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成員。My family is a

52、 happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound 自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音 I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto 用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，picture 可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing 畫的畫Lets go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary 詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量，word 具體的單詞 He has a large vocabulary.8. population, p

53、eoplepopulation 人口，人數(shù)，people 具體的人 China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather 一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate 長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad 具體的公路，馬路，street 街道，path 小路，小徑，way 道路，途徑take this road; in the street, Show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 課程(可包括多門科目)，subject 科目(具體的學(xué)科)a summer course12. custom, habitcustom 傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接 to do，habit 生活