高中高考英語(yǔ)考書(shū)面表達(dá)考點(diǎn)突破與能力提升

1、根據(jù)近幾年高考英語(yǔ)考試中書(shū)面表達(dá)的題型設(shè)計(jì)，可以歸納出幾種最為常見(jiàn)的書(shū)面表達(dá)考題的形式及其相應(yīng)的解題技巧，以下逐一進(jìn)行分析和練習(xí)1表格類(lèi) 表格類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)也是高考中常見(jiàn)的一種題型。這類(lèi)題型的文章一般以說(shuō)明文和論論文居多，往往介紹、說(shuō)明某種情況或辯論某種觀點(diǎn)、看法，但有時(shí)也可能是記敘文。比如20典型例題高考卷，書(shū)面表達(dá)是向朋友介紹你家鄉(xiāng)情況的書(shū)信，屬于說(shuō)明；20典型例題卷，書(shū)面表達(dá)是一篇對(duì)公園是否應(yīng)該收門(mén)票的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行討論的議論文。 這類(lèi)題型跟圖畫(huà)類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)比較起來(lái)有它的特點(diǎn)。首先是它的要點(diǎn)明確，觀點(diǎn)已經(jīng)給出；其次，范圍具體、客觀，便于考生寫(xiě)作及老師閱卷?？忌筛鶕?jù)表格的內(nèi)容，把表格里面的要點(diǎn)翻譯出

2、來(lái)就可以了。但應(yīng)注意以下幾個(gè)方面： 1.要認(rèn)真研究要點(diǎn)間的邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)它們內(nèi)在的邏輯，進(jìn)行調(diào)整，使條理清楚，便于表達(dá)，切不可逐條翻譯。 2根據(jù)英漢的區(qū)別，對(duì)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行梳理。該合并的就要合并，用一句話表達(dá)；該分開(kāi)的就要分開(kāi)，用兩個(gè)句子或三個(gè)句子來(lái)表達(dá)。 3對(duì)于議論文，最好采用三段式論證法。第一段提出問(wèn)題(總寫(xiě))；第二段用論據(jù)進(jìn)行正、反兩方面的論證(分寫(xiě))；第三段得出相應(yīng)的結(jié)論(總寫(xiě))。4講表達(dá)藝術(shù)。從開(kāi)頭到結(jié)尾、從用詞到句型的選擇，都必須避免千篇一律。比如：同義詞、同義結(jié)構(gòu)、反義詞、反義結(jié)構(gòu)、祈使句、疑問(wèn)句、感嘆句、簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句 倒裝句、省略句、平行結(jié)構(gòu)等等，要有選擇地恰當(dāng)應(yīng)用，提高書(shū)面表達(dá)得

3、分檔次。 高考最新熱門(mén)題 1.(典型例題 假如你是李曉華，住在江城。你的加拿大筆友Bob來(lái)信談到了他所居住的城市，并希望了解你家江城的情況。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一封信?；匦彭毎ㄏ卤碇械膬?nèi)容。自然情況位于長(zhǎng)江邊，風(fēng)景優(yōu)美，適合居住成就經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速新建了不少工廠、住房、道路等存在問(wèn)題水、空氣污染交通擁擠對(duì)江城發(fā)展的看法內(nèi)容由考生自己擬定 注意： 1回信中不能使用“江城”以外的地名。 2詞數(shù)100左右。信的開(kāi)頭與結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好，計(jì)入詞數(shù)。 參考詞匯：經(jīng)濟(jì)economy n Dear BOb，It's very kind of you to write me and let me know abou

4、t your beautifou city. l'dlike to tell you something about about my home-town Jiangcheng. Yours, Xiao Hua 命題目的與解題技巧：本題考查表格類(lèi)說(shuō)明文【解析】本文應(yīng)該是說(shuō)明文。寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)非常清楚，表達(dá)要條理清晰。本文內(nèi)容是描述、介紹江地情況，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 3介紹江城情況時(shí)用第三人稱(chēng)，談個(gè)人想法時(shí)用第一人稱(chēng)。【答案】One possible version： Dear Bob, It's very kind of you to write me and let m

5、e know about your beautiful city. Now I'd like to tell you something about my hometown jiangcheng. The city stands on the bank of the Changjiang River. It is a beautiful place for people to live in. Its economy has been developing rapidly in the past ten yeats. New factories, houses and rods hav

6、e been built. More schools and hospitals are available for people. However, there are problems such as water and air pollution and heavy traffic in rush hours. In my opinion, Jiangcheng should develop its economy scientifically. I would also think that the growth of population should be brought unde

7、r control so that we'll have a bitter hometown in future. Yous, Xiao Hua2.(典型例題 假設(shè)你班將舉行一次英語(yǔ)班會(huì)，主題屢“中學(xué)生應(yīng)該如何使用家長(zhǎng)給的零花錢(qián)”。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)一篇發(fā)言稿。 使用方式好處存入銀行養(yǎng)成節(jié)約的習(xí)慣購(gòu)買(mǎi)書(shū)籍獲取知識(shí)其他培養(yǎng)興趣（音樂(lè)、體育、集郵等）注意： 1詞數(shù)：100左右。 2參考詞匯：零花錢(qián)pocketmoney Dear friedns， 【解析】根據(jù)提示，本文是關(guān)于零花的處理方法的說(shuō)明文。文章需用第一人稱(chēng)；敘述用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。要點(diǎn)：1提出說(shuō)明對(duì)象；2介紹處理方法及其好處；3總結(jié)。 【答

8、案】One possible wversion:Dear friends,How shoule we deal with the pocker money given to us by our parents or we earned from our work? Of coures we can use it as we like, but I think there are three ways we should employ to cope with it First of all ,we should learn to save money by putting it away in

9、 a bank and take it out when we need it most. Then we should use the money to buy the books we want. In this way, we can enrich ourselves with knowledge Besides, we can spend the money going to the concerts,watching sports games or collecting stamps to develpo our interests or ger us into good habit

10、s. In a word ,we should take good care of the pocket money we have and not waste it on useless things. writng 3.(典型例題 最近，你校同學(xué)正在參加某英文報(bào)組織的一場(chǎng)討論。討論的主題是：公園要不要收門(mén)票?請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表所提供的信息，給報(bào)社寫(xiě)一封信，客觀地介紹討論情況。 60%的同學(xué)認(rèn)為40%的同學(xué)認(rèn)為1 不應(yīng)收門(mén)票2 公園是公眾休閑的地方3 如收票，需建大門(mén)、圍墻，公影響城市形象1 應(yīng)收門(mén)票，但標(biāo)價(jià)不宜高2 支會(huì)園林工人工資3 購(gòu)新花木注意： 1信的開(kāi)頭已為你寫(xiě)好。 2詞數(shù)：100左右。

11、3參考詞匯：門(mén)票-entrance fee Dear Editor， 答案：Dear Editor, I'm writing to tell you about the discussion we've had a- bout whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. Opinions are divided on the question. 60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fee. They believe a public park sh

12、ould be free of charge. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What is more, it will become necessa- ry to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appear- ante of a city. On the other hand ,40% think that fee

13、s should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees. They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. Yours truly, Li Hua4.(典型例題假設(shè)你是王曉明，請(qǐng)根據(jù)你校美化校園的規(guī)劃，用英語(yǔ)給你在美國(guó)的筆友Peter寫(xiě)一封短信，介紹該規(guī)劃。短信的主要內(nèi)容如下：規(guī)劃目的美化校園、凈化空氣創(chuàng)造良好的學(xué)習(xí)和生活環(huán)境規(guī)劃內(nèi)容種植花草樹(shù)木建一個(gè)植物園，供參觀，實(shí)踐建一

14、個(gè)小花園，供休息、讀書(shū)建幾座名人雕塑，激勵(lì)師生 注意： 1短信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)人總詞數(shù)。 2詞數(shù)：100左右。 3參考詞匯；雕塑statre(n) 植物園 botanical garden(n)Dear Peter,I would like to tell you that our school has worked out a new program. . Welecome to our school if you have any chance.Yours,Wang Xiaoming答案：Dear Peter, I'd like to tell you that our

15、 school has worked out a new program. The purposes of the program are to make our school more beautififul, to make the air cleaner and fresher, and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in. According to the program, we will plant different kinds of trees, flowers and grass

16、in and around our school A botanical garden will be built for us to visit and practice in. Besides, we are to build a small garden in which we can do some reading and take a rest. What's more, some statues of famous people will be set up to encourage us to work harder. Don't you think it a w

17、onderful program? Welcome to our school if you have any chance. Yours, Wang Xiaoming5.(杭州二中)據(jù)調(diào)查，中國(guó)城市居民電腦的擁有率達(dá)30。很多農(nóng)村居民對(duì)電腦也越來(lái)越感興趣，甚至有的家庭也買(mǎi)了電腦。請(qǐng)參考下表寫(xiě)一篇題為"Computers in Chhina"的短文。詞數(shù)為100詞左右。家庭買(mǎi)電腦的目的中學(xué)生使用電腦的情況類(lèi)別比率類(lèi)別比率孩子學(xué)習(xí)需要70%學(xué)習(xí)資料查詢30%家長(zhǎng)工作需要20%上網(wǎng)、聊天、游戲60%娛樂(lè)30%聽(tīng)音樂(lè)、看光盤(pán)20% Computers in ChinaAccord

18、ing to arecent investigation，about 30 of the city families have computers _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _答案：Computers in ChinaAccording to a recent investigation, about 30 of the city families have computers. Besides, many village people are more and more interested in computers and some of them even have bough

19、t computers. About 70% of the parents bought comput- ers for their children to study, and some for their work. And e- yen some people bought them for entertainment. The fact how the middle school students use the computers really surprises us. Only about 300/40 of them use computers to fred out usef

20、ul information. About 60 of them use computers to chat with other people on the Internet. What is worse, about 60 use computers to play games and 20% use computers to watch VCDs or listen to music. In my opinion, we should make better use of our best inventioneomputers.6.(典型例題調(diào)研)變更內(nèi)容原計(jì)劃活動(dòng)安排日期：5月1日1.

21、日期：5月14日2.15：00參觀歷史博物館7：00學(xué)校大門(mén)口集合8：00在導(dǎo)游帶領(lǐng)下游覽天星河9：00游覽獅山11：30在山頂野餐17：00返回￥45（博物館門(mén)票費(fèi)￥5）費(fèi)用￥40備注1穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋2.午飯自帶假設(shè)你叫吳好。你班將組織江海市一日游活動(dòng)，活動(dòng)安排因故有所改變。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示發(fā)E-mail通知因感冒而在家休息的同學(xué)李易，提醒活動(dòng)安排并告知變更內(nèi)容。 注意： (1)詞數(shù)100左右；(2)開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好。 DearLiYiAre you feeling any better?As you know，our trip to Janghai City was originally or

22、iginally planned for Maylst _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Hope you will get and join us in the coming trip Yours, Wu Hao答案：Dear Li Yi, Are you feeling any better?. As you know, our trip to Jianghai City was originally planned for May 1st. However, it has been delayed until May 4th. Be sure to arrive at the sc

23、hool gate before 7:00 a. tn. We'll first go on an hour's guided tour of the Tianxing River. It will be followed by a visit to Lion Hill starting 典型例題out 9:00 a. m. Please bring your own lunch and we will be picnicking on the top of the hill around 11: 30 a.m. In the afternoon, we'll pay

24、a visit to the History Mu- seum at 3:00 p. m. , for which We have to pay another ￥5, so the total cost will be 45. We plan to return at about 5:00 ix rn. Don't forget to wear sports shoes. Hope you will get well and join us in the coming trip. Yours Wu Hao 題點(diǎn)經(jīng)典類(lèi)型題 1.(典型例題假設(shè)你是李越，你的加拿大筆友Steve來(lái)信說(shuō)，他

25、和他的一些同不正在學(xué)中文，請(qǐng)你推薦兩本學(xué)中文的詞典。根據(jù)下表提供的信，請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)一封信。英漢/漢英詞典新華字典收詞（字）18，000（英語(yǔ)）20，000（漢語(yǔ)）10，000價(jià)格52元11元特點(diǎn)大量例子、用法說(shuō)明，適合初學(xué)者中國(guó)最常用的漢語(yǔ)字典 參考詞匯： 推薦recornmend(v) 英漢漢英詞典The English-Chinese Chinese-English Dictionary(ECCED)新華字典Xin hua Dictionary(XD)注意：詞數(shù)100左右。 Dcar Steve， Yours，li Yue命題的與解題技巧：本題根據(jù)表格寫(xiě)一封信 【解析】本文從形式上來(lái)看,是一

26、封書(shū)信;從內(nèi)容上來(lái)看,是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹兩本字典。用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、混合人稱(chēng)來(lái)寫(xiě)?！敬鸢浮?One possible version: Dear Steve, I'm so pleased to learn that you your classmates are learning Chinese. I'd like to recommend the following two dictionaries. The English-Chinese Chinese-English Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It h

27、as 18,000 English words and 20, 000 Chinese words . Besides plenty of examples, it has many notes telling you how to use a word. Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary,and it has a vocabulary of 10, 000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two,

28、ECCED is the more expensive, costing 52 yuan,and XD costs 11 yuan. Please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries. Yours, Li Yue2.假如你是一名高三學(xué)生，經(jīng)常為看電視的事跟媽媽鬧意見(jiàn)，今天你和媽媽達(dá)成一致。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下表格的內(nèi)容，以An Agreement為題為英語(yǔ)廣場(chǎng)寫(xiě)一篇120字左右英語(yǔ)短文。母親兒子高三學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)重，看電視浪費(fèi)時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)一天很疲勞，看電視可以放松一下兒子自制力差，看電視會(huì)影響學(xué)習(xí)，長(zhǎng)期看電視會(huì)影響視力看電視也可以增長(zhǎng)知識(shí)，

29、了解國(guó)際內(nèi)大事，緊跟時(shí)代平時(shí)不準(zhǔn)我看電視，但在周末允許我看新聞、文藝、體育或科普類(lèi)節(jié)目 注意； 1短文的開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)人總詞數(shù)； 2不要漏掉表格中的內(nèi)容，但不能逐字翻譯； 3可適當(dāng)增添合科情理的過(guò)渡性語(yǔ)言。 I am a senior three studentI often quarrel with my mother over whether I can watch TV after schoolMy mother_答案： I am a senior three student. I often quarrel with my moth- er over whether I can wa

30、tch TV after school My mother holds the view that students in senior three, shouldering heavy loads, are too busy to spare any time to watch TV. It seems to her that once I am allowed to do that, I'll not be able to control my- self and forget all about my study. She also thinks that it is had f

31、or my eyes to watch TV too often. But I really can't accept her ideas. I think it a relaxation to watch TV after a day's hard work. Not only can it set my mind at rest, but it can also broaden my horizons. Now we've at last reached an agreement that I can only watch TV at weekends, and t

32、he programs should be limited to news, programs of entertaimnem, sports or science.3組成部分功能多媒體教學(xué)系統(tǒng)（multimedia teaching system）使教與學(xué)更為方便有趣在課堂上獲得更多信息，學(xué)到更多知識(shí)電子閱覽室（information center）向師生開(kāi)放可向世界各地發(fā)放電子郵件可通過(guò)因特網(wǎng)查找最新信息遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)系統(tǒng)（longdistance teaching system）只要家中有電腦，任何人都可以學(xué)習(xí)本校課程校務(wù)管理系統(tǒng)有助于改善學(xué)校管理滿足現(xiàn)代化學(xué)校的需要 請(qǐng)根據(jù)上面表格用英語(yǔ)向來(lái)

33、訪的外賓介紹你校新建的網(wǎng)學(xué)校的情況。注意：介紹需包括表格中主要內(nèi)容，可適當(dāng)增減信息使內(nèi)容連貫。詞數(shù)100左右。 答案： Ladies and gentlemen, Very nice to have you here in our school Now I'd like to tell you something about the net-school we have just set up. Our net-school is very helpful in many ways, First of all, it will make teaching and learning ea

34、sier and more interesting. We can get more information and knowledge in class. We can communicate with other students at home and abroad by send- ing and receiving messages wherever we'd like to. The netschool is open all day both to the students and to the teachers, so we can get the latest inf

35、ormation through the Internet at any time. The net-school is very convenient to us and other people who can learn at home if they have a computer. It will help to improve our school management and meet the needs of the mod- ern society as well. That's all. Thank you.4.(典型例題) 請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文，介紹某地區(qū)五

36、年業(yè)人們飲食的變化情況，搞稿給Chinadaily編輯部。 內(nèi)容包括： 1飲食變化的總的情況； 2說(shuō)明人們飲食方面發(fā)生變化的原因； 3變化說(shuō)明了什么及所帶來(lái)的益處。詞數(shù)10012019981999200020012002Grain44%44%43%42%42%Meat19%21%23%23%22%Fruit&Vegetable25%23%21%21%22%Milk12%12%13%14%14%Total100%100%100%100%100%參考詞匯：nutritionn n.營(yíng)養(yǎng)consume .消費(fèi)Changes in People's Diet 答案： Changes i

37、n people's Diet This table shows that there were great changes in people's diet from 1998 to 20典型例題 amount of grain they ate fell year by year, and at the same time they increased their consumption of milk and meat. There were two main reasons for these changes. First, people were bette off

38、and could afford more expensive food with better nutrition. Second, more and more people began to pay attention to the quality of their diet. They believe eating in a scientific way does good to their health. These changes in people's diet shows that their living con- ditions improved greatly be

39、tween 1998 and 20典型例題are sure that they will live a happier and healthier life.5.(典型例題)某英文報(bào)社準(zhǔn)備刊發(fā)一篇題為L(zhǎng)iving in the city的有關(guān)城市生活的利和弊的文章，根據(jù)下面提示，寫(xiě)一篇詞數(shù)為100左右的短文。AdvantagesDisadvantages找工作容易生活消費(fèi)高交通便利人口多，擁擠有公園、飯店等休閑場(chǎng)所空氣污染、居住環(huán)境差要求： 1覆蓋以上內(nèi)容，可作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。 2詞數(shù)100左右。 答案： Living in a city has both advantages and disadv

40、antages. It is often easier to find work. There are always many choices of public transport. Besides, there are a lot of interesting things to do and places to see. You can eat in good restaurants, visit museums, go to cinemas and go to parks whenever you want to relax. However, living in a city is

41、often very expensive. You must find a well-paid job, otherwise, you will not be able to af- ford the things you will do. What's more, the city is always crowded, noisy and dirty. It is very difficult to find a good place where people can enjoy peace and fresh air as in the coun- tryside.6.(典型例題泉

42、中學(xué))假如你叫李華，請(qǐng)就本校食堂服務(wù)(coanteen service)的狀況給校長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)一封信，內(nèi)容包括：優(yōu)點(diǎn)不足建議食堂干凈價(jià)格偏高盡快解決問(wèn)題飯菜可口種類(lèi)偏少服務(wù)態(tài)度好等候時(shí)間長(zhǎng)注意：信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)人總詞數(shù)；詞數(shù)：100左右。 Dear Mr Principal，Im a senior stuedn to four schoolId like to Say some thing about the canteen serviCe in our school. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sincerelyyours， Li Hua 答案： Dear Mr. Princip

43、al, I'm a senior student of our school. I'd like to say some- thing about the canteen service in our school. In general, the service is satisfactory. The hall is clean and tidy. The dishes look inviting and taste delicious as well. What's more, the workers there treat us as their friends

44、, which makes us feel very happy. However, we feel the price of the meals is a little too high. Besides, we can only have a limited variety of dishes with little change every week. In addition, we often have to stand in line for a long time before we can get the meal. You could un- derstand how prec

45、ious time is to us students. Therefore, may I suggest something be done to solve the problems so that we can all enjoy our meals at school? Thanks for your consideration. Sincerely yours, Li Hua7.(典型例題)下面是有關(guān)英語(yǔ)濱講比賽的信息，請(qǐng)據(jù)此用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一通知。 活動(dòng)英語(yǔ)演講比賽Einglish-speading contest目的提高英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)組織者學(xué)生全參加范圍高中學(xué)生報(bào)名時(shí)間5月25日以前比賽時(shí)間6

46、月9日4：00p.m.比賽地點(diǎn)教學(xué)樓五樓禮堂（auditorium）評(píng)獎(jiǎng)前五名優(yōu)勝者獲獎(jiǎng)NOtice _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The StudentsUnion答案： Notice We are going to have an English-speaking contest for sen- ior students so as to improve our oral English. It will be held in the auditorium on the 5th floor in the teaching building at 4 p. m., June 9t

47、h. Those who want to take part in the contest are supposed to come to sign up at the office of the Students' Union before May 25th. All the senior students are welcome to join in the contest. The first five winners will be given prizes. Please try your best and get ready in time. Wish you succes

48、s! 新高考命題探究 1. 假如你是李剛，是北京市陽(yáng)光中學(xué)的學(xué)生會(huì)主席，根據(jù)雙方約定，你們打算今年夏天去倫敦EalingSchool進(jìn)行四個(gè)星期的學(xué)習(xí)和旅游。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的表格內(nèi)容寫(xiě)信給倫敦Ealing School，告訴他們你們的基本活動(dòng)內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)他們作好安排。參加活動(dòng)人數(shù)共30人，男18人，女10人，另有2名女老師活動(dòng)內(nèi)容上午上英語(yǔ)課，下午市內(nèi)旅游或一些體育活動(dòng)，晚上自汕活動(dòng)星期六、星期日去參觀其他城市要求盡早把正式邀請(qǐng)函寄來(lái)，以便辦理有關(guān)手續(xù)住宿最好住在英國(guó)人家里，以便提高口語(yǔ)能力 注意： 1詞數(shù)：100120 2參考詞匯：辦理手續(xù)go through all the procedures

49、3文章的開(kāi)頭已給出。Dear Sir,I'm Li Gang Chairman of the Students' Union of Beijing Sunlight Middle School_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 答案：Dear Sir, I'm Li Gang, Chairman of the Students'Union of Beijing Sunlight Middle School. According to the agreement, we plan to send 30 students and teachers to have a study tour in your school for four weeks this summer. Now I'd like to tell you something about our group and something we'd like you to ar- range for us. Our group is made up of two wome