考研英語二歷年真題及答案

1、2002 Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEETSince 1981，farmers in Holland have been encouraged to adopt“green”farming techniques that were thought to benefit plant and bird lifeFarmers who have voluntarily adopted these measures are compen

2、sated by the European UnionThe goal of the program is to work against the negative effects of modem fanning，such as declines in species diversity and the disturbance of local nesting groundsThe“green”methods of farming cost the European Union about 1.7 billion Euros annuallyThis is about 4 percent o

3、f the budget for“Common Agricultural Policy,”and the compensation is expected to rise to 10 percent within the next few years Various forms of“green farming”employed around the world have proved successful, and all new methods thought to be environmentally sensitive should be subject to sound scient

4、ific evaluation to determine whether they are actually meeting the intended goalsPart V Writing(30 minutes，15 points)Directions：You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title“What I Consider Important in Life”Your composition should be based on the Chinese outline given below1人生有不同的目標(biāo)：富有

5、、名氣、地位、幸福的家庭等2其中我認(rèn)為重要的是；理由是3結(jié)論2003 Paper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers fo

6、r advice on anything. Whether it be sex, AIDS, school worries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job.Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, “What do you think?” Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kongs youth, however, has come from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Dayat the

7、 University of Hong Kong. His survey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they take-but tries to answer the question why.Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troublesas well as pleasestodays high-school students. Conclusio

8、ns will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part. Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title “Lifelong Learning”. You should base your composition on the Chinese outline given below:1. 終

9、身學(xué)習(xí)對每個人的重要性。2. 終身學(xué)習(xí)的方式有多種3. 你認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該采取哪種方式， 為什么？2004 Paper TwoPart V Translation (3 0 minutes，l 5 points)Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEETOne of the really nice features about e-mails is that they allow us to send files as attachments

10、to other usersThis is a very good thingIf Im working with a colleague and want to send him an image file or a word file，I can do so very quickly and easily，without having to fax it to himThis saves on long distance bills and printing costsIt also，however，presents a problem，because attachments can ta

11、ke a long time to downloadFor those of us who pay by the hour for Internet service，unwanted attachments can be quite costly and time-consumingI once had someone send me fifteen large image files，and it tied up my computer for 20 minutes just to download one of themSo，in short，if youre going to send

12、an attachment，get permission firstPart VI Writing (30 minutes，15 points)Directions：You are to write in no less than 120 words on the title of “College Students Should (Not)Be Permitted to Live Off Campus”You are to take a position, either for or against the matter, and give your reasonsYou should ba

13、se your composition on the following Chinese outline近年來大學(xué)生在校外租房居住的現(xiàn)象越來越多，這個問題已引起社會各界的關(guān)注。人們對這一現(xiàn)象的看法不一，各持己見。1你對這個問題的觀點(diǎn)是2理由是3結(jié)論2006Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points) Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translationon the ANSWER SHEET. Each year in the United Sta

14、tes more people are killed or injured in accidents-athome, at work or school, at play, or while traveling-than were killed or injured in theVietnam war. In the early 1990s. about half of these accidental deaths were the resultof motor-vehicle accidents. Other major causes of accidental deaths were f

15、alls, fires,and poisoning. On a worldwide basis, accidents involving motor vehicles are theprimary cause of accidental deaths, followed by accidents in industry and in the home. Efforts to lessen or to eliminate the hazardous conditions that cause accidents areknown as safely measures. Safety is a g

16、rowing concern around the world, and safetyskills are being taken more seriously today than ever before. People have come torealize that safety skills can be learned, and most safety experts agree that it is possibleto predict, and take steps to prevent, the majority of accidents. Few accidents simp

17、lyhappen. Most are caused by ignorance, carelessness, neglect, or lack of skill.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points) Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the topic On theSignificance of the Qing-Zang Railroad. Your composition should be based on theChinese clues given belo

18、w. 青藏鐵路于今年7月1日通車。請簡單地談?wù)勄嗖罔F路建成和通車的重大意義，如經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、旅游等方面。注：西藏：Tibet；西藏的、西藏人、藏語：Tibetan2007Part V Translation (30 minutes,10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. Getting a proper amount of rest is absolutely essential for building you

19、r energy resources. If you frequently work far into the night or have a poor sleep, it stands to reason that you may start to feel a little run down. Though everybody is different, most people need at least seven to eight hours of sleep per night in order to function at their best. If you have been

20、lacking energy, try going to bed earlier at night. If you can wake up feeling well-rested, it will be an indication that you are starting to get an appropriate amount of sleep at night. If you sleep more than eight hours every night but still dont feel energetic, you may actually be getting too much

21、 sleep. Once in while, you are bound to have nights where you dont get an adequate amount of sleep. When your schedule permits you can also consider taking a short sleep during the day, for sometimes taking a nap is the perfect way to recharge your batteries.Part Writing (30 minutes,15 points)Direct

22、ions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic” Entering College: Help the Needy Youngsters to Achieve Their Dreams. Your composition should be based on the Chinese clues given below. 中央電視臺“圓夢行動”的公益節(jié)目旨在動員社會力量捐助貧困學(xué)子圓大學(xué)之夢。你的作文可以： 1)對貧困學(xué)于是否應(yīng)受到捐助發(fā)表你的看法;或者2)舉一個貧困學(xué)子需要幫助的例子。Part IV Translati

23、on(35 minutes，15 points)第一句：Since 1981，farmers in Holland have been encouraged to adopt“green”farming techniques that were thought to benefit plant and bird life譯文：自1981年以來，荷蘭農(nóng)民受鼓勵一直采用那些認(rèn)為是有利于植物和鳥類的“綠色”耕種技術(shù)。注：1 本句句子結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，考生應(yīng)該在認(rèn)真分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行翻譯。主語是“farmers”，謂語部分使用的被動形式而且時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時“have been encouraged”。

24、后面的不定式to引導(dǎo)的都是主語補(bǔ)足語。其中“that”引導(dǎo)的是一個定語從句修飾先行詞“techniques”。2 在翻譯本句時，切不可采用一字一句翻譯。而是要根據(jù)中文的行文規(guī)范調(diào)整語序。而且要注意到中文和英文各自得語言特點(diǎn)。英文中多使用被動語態(tài)，而中文中多使用主動形式。所以本句中兩處被動形式應(yīng)該適當(dāng)改變。第二句：The goal of the program is to work against the negative effects of modem farming, 譯文：該項(xiàng)目的目的是消除現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)所帶來的負(fù)面影響，注：1 本句中不定式短語做表語。2介詞“against”在這兒不要直譯為

25、“反對”，而是根據(jù)句子意思譯為“消除”。第三句：Various forms of “green farming”employed around the world have proved successful, and all new methods thought to be environmentally sensitive should be subject to sound scientific evaluation to determine whether they are actually meeting the intended goals譯文：世界各地采用的各種形式的“綠色耕種

26、”已證明是成功的。所有被認(rèn)為對環(huán)境有影響的新方法都應(yīng)該接受科學(xué)評估，以確定它們是否真正達(dá)到了預(yù)期日標(biāo)。注：1“and”連接的兩個并列句。前一個句子中注意有一個過去分詞短語“employed around the world”做后置定語。后一個句子同樣也有一個過去分詞短語“thought to be environmentally sensitive”做后置定語。注意翻譯時，應(yīng)把這兩個后置定語翻譯到主語的前面。 2be subject to本意為“受支配, 從屬于, 可以的, 常遭受”，在這兒應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)譯為“接受”。2003年試題參考答案及解析Part V Translation在香港，代溝的問題很

27、嚴(yán)重，十幾歲的孩子很少向父母或老師征詢意見。不管是性、艾滋病、學(xué)校中遇到的麻煩，還是家庭問題，他們都認(rèn)為大人們是幫不上任何忙的。迄今為止，沒人問過香港的年輕人：“你在想什么？”然而，香港大學(xué)的杰弗里戴博士所做的研究使我們對香港年輕人的情感有了一些了解。他對年輕人的調(diào)查，重點(diǎn)不是問他們服用多少種毒品之類的問題，而是試圖找到其中緣由。戴博士計(jì)劃在下周全面解釋研究的結(jié)果。他希望研究能揭示當(dāng)今高中學(xué)生的喜和憂。研究結(jié)論不僅將送呈政府部門，也將通報(bào)參加這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的學(xué)校。Part VI Writing In todays society, life-long learning has become very

28、 important for everyone. This is because one needs to renew his knowledge continuously in order to meet the needs of his work and fast development of the society.There are several ways for one to take a life-long learning. One way is to take a part-time education program. It means that one is learni

29、ng part time while he is working. The program could be at undergraduate level or graduate level. The second way is to study by oneself. You can learn whatever you need for your work on your own. You can learn from books, from TV programs or from Internet or radio.In my opinion, life-long learning is

30、 necessary for us. We should choose one of the ways mentioned above, which depends on your own personal preference and interest. I prefer the first one because this kind of learning is systematic and formal. With the help of the teachers, it is easier to learn and quicker to get what you need for yo

31、ur work.Part V Translation第一句：The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers for advice on anything.譯文：在香港，代溝的問題很嚴(yán)重，以至于十幾歲的孩子很少向父母或老師征詢意見。注：1本句中包含一個sothat句型，意為“如此以至于”。2generation gap 代溝；turn to 求助于。第二句：Whether it be sex, AIDS, school wor

32、ries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job.譯文：不管是性、艾滋病、學(xué)校中遇到的麻煩，還是家庭問題，他們認(rèn)為大人們都幫不上忙。注：1whether引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，表示“無論，不管”。2注意要將主句adults are not considered up to the job中的被動變主動。3注意不要將the job直譯為這項(xiàng)工作。第三句：Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, “What do you think?”譯文：迄今為止，沒人問過香港的年輕人：“你在

33、想什么？”注：until now 迄今為止第四句：Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kongs youth, however, has come from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Dayat the University of Hong Kong.譯文：然而，香港大學(xué)的杰弗里戴博士所做的研究使我們對香港年輕人的情感有了一些了解。注：1前先要理解come from含義：來自于。2注意本句語序的調(diào)整。為符合漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣，必須將原句的主語和賓語調(diào)換位置。3however是插入語，翻譯時應(yīng)提到句子最前面。第五句：His sur

34、vey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they takebut tries to answer the question why.譯文：他對年輕人的調(diào)查，重點(diǎn)不是問他們服用多少種毒品之類的問題，而是試圖找到其中緣由。注：1注意notbut結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是而是”。2注意for example的翻譯。本句是在句中的一個例子，如果譯為“例如”句子就不太通順，因此應(yīng)譯為“之類的問題”更為恰當(dāng)。3注意answer the question why的翻譯。這里應(yīng)采用意譯較好，譯為“找到其中的緣由”。4focus

35、 on 集中，重點(diǎn)是；take drugs 服用毒品(注意不要譯為吃藥)第六句：Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troublesas well as pleasestodays high-school students. 譯文：戴博士計(jì)劃在下周全面解釋研究的結(jié)果，他希望研究能揭示當(dāng)今高中學(xué)生的喜和憂。注：1首先分析一下句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主干為：主語(Dr. Day)+謂語動詞(hopes)+賓語從句；賓語從句的主語后面接了一個which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句

36、；該賓語從句中的賓語又是what引導(dǎo)的一個賓語從句。2從整體上看，本句應(yīng)采用分譯法。先譯定語從句，再譯其它。3注意what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的翻譯。首先, as well as連接并列成分；其次，注意將動詞trouble和please轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞。第七句：Conclusions will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part. 譯文：研究結(jié)論不僅將送呈政府部門，也將通報(bào)參加這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的學(xué)校。注：1注意not onlybut also連接并列成份。2要適當(dāng)運(yùn)用增詞法。

37、Conclusions應(yīng)譯為“研究結(jié)論”；the schools which took part后面省略了in the survey，翻譯時應(yīng)將其補(bǔ)充完整，即譯為“參加這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的學(xué)?！?。Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)（略）2004年試題參考答案及解析Part V Translation電子郵件真正的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一就在于它允許我們以附件的形式給其他的用戶發(fā)送文件，這一點(diǎn)非常好。比如，我和一個同事一起工作的時候，我想發(fā)一份圖象文件或是文字文件給他，通過電子郵件就可以很方便很快捷地 搞定，而不必使用傳真。這就節(jié)省了長途費(fèi)用和打印成本。但是，電子郵件也會帶來問

38、題。因?yàn)楦郊南螺d可能需要很長時間。對于我們這些按小時支付網(wǎng)費(fèi)的人來說，多余的附件可能是相當(dāng)耗費(fèi)時間和金錢的。我曾經(jīng)接收過15個大的圖片文件。我的電腦竟用了20分鐘才載下來一個圖片。所以，簡言之，如果你要發(fā)附件給別人的話，事先一定要爭得對方的許可。Part VI Writing (30 minutes，15 points)In recent years, the number of college students who live off campus has been increasing, which attracts the widespread attention in the wh

39、ole society. As to this special phenomenon, different people have different opinions. As a person who was a student, I think this behavior should be banned. My reasons are as follows:The first and the most important one is that living off campus is not beneficial to study. Being college students, yo

40、ung people should spare no effort to study hard to broaden their horizons. Living off campus means they are away from classroom, library and laboratory. So it may bring much more trouble to them. Second, when college students live off campus they will be estranged from their classmates, which is har

41、mful to their ability to communicate with others. Thus, majority of them dont have good friends so that they are easy to feel lonely and unhappy. Third, their living off campus will put a financial burden on their family and themselves. In general, college students are still financed by their family

42、. If they want to live off campus, they have to ask more money from their family and make money in their spare time. It is a heavy burden they have to shoulder.In a word, I dont approve of college students living off campus. It will disturb the students normal life. Therefore colleges should establi

43、sh rules to ban college students living off campus.Part V Translation (3 0 minutes，l 5 points)第一句：One of the really nice features about e-mails is that they allow us to send files as attachments to other users 譯文：電子郵件真正的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一就在于它允許我們以附件的形式給其他的用戶發(fā)送文件，這一點(diǎn)非常好。注：1首先注意結(jié)構(gòu)：句中包含一個that引導(dǎo)的表語從句。2注意nice features

44、不要直譯為好的特點(diǎn)，應(yīng)譯成優(yōu)點(diǎn)。3注意as attachments 應(yīng)譯為以附件的形式。第二句：This is a very good thing譯文：這一點(diǎn)非常好。注：注意運(yùn)用詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換：a very good thing可譯為非常好，而不是一件非常好的事情。第三句：If Im working with a colleague and want to send him an image file or a word file，I can do so very quickly and easily，without having to fax it to him譯文：比如，我和一個同事一起工作的

45、時候，我想發(fā)一份圖象文件或是文字文件給他，通過電子郵件就可以很方便很快捷地搞定，而不必使用傳真。注：1首先搞清句子結(jié)構(gòu)。主句是“I can do so very quickly and easily”, 前面是一個if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，另外后面還包含一個without引出的介詞短語做伴隨狀語。2條件句中包含一個and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，可直接分譯，無須將and譯出；另外并列結(jié)構(gòu)有時可根據(jù)具體情況處理成主從句，比如本句的前半部分就可譯成時間狀語從句。3注意適當(dāng)增減詞語。減詞：（1）send him an image file or a word file中后面的不定冠詞可省去不譯；(2）I ca

46、n do so中的主語I 可省去不譯；(3）fax it to him中的it to him均可省去不譯。增詞：翻譯I can do so very quickly and easily一句時，根據(jù)上下文必須將“通過電子郵件”補(bǔ)充出來，否則句意表達(dá)不清。4注意do so 是對前面發(fā)送文件的替換，這里可直接譯成搞定或完成。第四句：This saves on long distance bills and printing costs譯文：這就節(jié)省了長途費(fèi)用和打印成本。注：注意on long distance bills不要直譯成長途帳單，應(yīng)譯為長途費(fèi)用。第五句：It also，however，p

47、resents a problem，because attachments can take a long time to download譯文：但是，電子郵件也會帶來問題，因?yàn)楦郊南螺d可能需要很長時間。注：1首先注意however應(yīng)提到句首來譯。2注意要將代詞it轉(zhuǎn)譯成它所代替的名詞，即：電子郵件。3注意語序的適當(dāng)調(diào)整：attachments can take a long time to download中to download翻譯時應(yīng)提到主語位置。第六句：For those of us who pay by the hour for Internet service，unwanted

48、attachments can be quite costly and time-consuming譯文：對于我們這些按小時支付網(wǎng)費(fèi)的人來說，多余的附件可能是相當(dāng)耗費(fèi)時間和金錢的。注：1首先注意those of us 后定語從句的翻譯：應(yīng)將其譯到所修飾詞的前面；另外pay by the hour是表示按小時付費(fèi)。2注意costly and time-consuming應(yīng)譯為：耗費(fèi)時間和金錢。第七句：I once had someone send me fifteen large image files，and it tied up my computer for 20 minutes just

49、 to download one of them譯文：我曾經(jīng)接收過15個大的圖片文件，我的電腦用了20分鐘，居然才載下來一個圖片。注：1had someone send me表示“讓某人發(fā)送給我”，可轉(zhuǎn)譯為“我曾經(jīng)接收過”。2it tied up my computer for 20 minutes注意不要直譯成“束縛了我的電腦20分鐘”，直接譯成“我的電腦用了20分鐘”即可。3注意just（或only）to do 表示結(jié)果。4one of them代詞應(yīng)譯成它所代替的相應(yīng)的名詞，即：一個圖片。第八句：So，in short，if youre going to send an attachme

50、nt，get permission first譯文：所以，簡言之，如果你要發(fā)附件給別人的話，事先一定要爭得對方的許可。注：1in short意為“簡而言之”。2注意適當(dāng)增詞：如果你要發(fā)附件（給別人）的話，事先（一定）要爭得（對方的）許可，括號中的詞如略去的話，句子的表達(dá)就會顯得不夠完整。Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)（略）2006年在職攻讀MBA碩士學(xué)位研究生全國聯(lián)考英語試題參考答案Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)在美國，每年因家庭、工作、學(xué)校、玩樂或旅行中的意外事故而傷或亡的人數(shù)比越戰(zhàn)中的傷亡

51、人數(shù)都多。二十世紀(jì)九十年代初期，約一半左右的意外死亡是汽車事故造成的的，此外，摔死、火災(zāi)和中毒也是主要原因。在世界范圍內(nèi)看，汽車造成的事故是意外死亡的首要根源，緊隨其后的工業(yè)事故和家庭中的意外死亡。為減少或消除產(chǎn)生意外事故的危險(xiǎn)而付出的努力稱之之為安全措施。安全在全世界越來越受關(guān)注，安全技能正得到前所未有的重視。人們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到，安全技能是可學(xué)的，大多數(shù)安全專家也一致認(rèn)為，絕大部分意外事故是可預(yù)測的，也能采取措施加以避免。只有為數(shù)不多的意外事故是自己發(fā)生的，大多數(shù)則是愚昧、粗心、懈怠或缺乏技能帶來的后果。Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points) It is

52、in Qinghai on July 1 that the Qing-Zang Railroad was completed and open to traffic officially. And in the same day, our President Hu Jingtao cut the ribbon personally at the opening ceremony. This great event made every Chinese all over the world extremely cheerful. As a main artery to Tibet and wes

53、tern regions, the Qing-Zhang Railroad is of great significance to China and Chinese people. Undoubtedly the significance of the Qing-Zang Railroad can be clearly seen not only in economy and culture but also in tourism. To begin with, the Qing-Zang Railroad will drive the economic development of the

54、 western part of China and attract more and more investors to invest in these areas. In addition, the Qing-Zang Railroad will foster the cultural and tourist development of Qinghai and Tibet. An increasing number of people from all over the world will come to Tibet and Qinghai for traveling, which w

55、ill provide a good chance for the people in the world to know Tibet and Qinghai. As shown in our previous discussion, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that the Qing-Zang Railroad will bring China historic and realistic significance. Of course, we should not neglect the environmental and ecological protection while making full use of the Qing-Zang Railroad. ( 211 ) 2007年在職英語答案PartTranslation 參考譯文獲得適量的休息對于積聚你的體能而言是絕對必要的如果你經(jīng)常工作到深夜或者睡眠不佳，那說明你可