全新版大學(xué)英語第二版綜合教程4課后習(xí)題答案

1、全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程4【第二版】習(xí)題答案主編：李蔭華上海外語教育出版社Unit 1Part II Text Alexf OrganizationParts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-2 Introduction Both Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Part Two Paras 3-11 Napoleons military campaign against RussiaPart Th

2、ree Paras 12-20 Hitlers military campaign against the Soviet UnionPart Four Para 21 Conclusionthe elements of nature must be rekoned with in any military campaign.2.Sections Paragraphs Main IdeasSection One Paras 12-13 Hitlers blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalins scorched earth policySection Two Pa

3、ras 14-18 the battles fought at Leningrad, Moscow and Stalingrad Section Three Paras 19-20 the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the warVocabularyI. 1. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of3) stroke 4) limp5) minus 6) regions7) declarations 8) siege9) raw 10) bide his time11) have taken their tol

4、l 12) in the case of2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on5) get by 6) dine out7) have cut back 8) get through3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2) Production in many factories has been brought to a h

5、alt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers strike3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.4) Obviously the reporters question caught the foreign minister off guard.5) The introduction of the electronic calculator

6、has rendered the slide rule out of date /obso lete.4. 1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases.2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Fa

7、ilure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases,work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the

8、Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.II.More Synonyms in Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting

9、 took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her bod

10、y, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.III. Usage1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeksand nobody knew anything about it.3) Its said he dropped dead from a heart atta

11、ck when he was at work4) Dont sit too close to the fire to keep warmyou could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep.5) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.6) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cl

12、oze(A)1. invasion 2. stand in the way3. Conquest 4. catching. off his guard5. launching 6. declaration7. campaign 8. drag on9. reckon with 10. bringing.to a halt(B)1. allow 2. reckoned3. highly 4. forecasts5. rapidly 6. instant7. delivery 8. advantage9. observing 10. PowerfulII. Translation1. Mr. Do

13、herty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4. Sam, as the pr

14、oject manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground

15、. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bog

16、ged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take agamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we

17、arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Unit 2Text A Vocabulary I. 1. 1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite 7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9)

18、 bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuckin 12) approximately 2. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on 5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into 3. 1) incorporates all the latest safety features 2) two trees ten feet apart 3) awarding lucrative contracts to his

19、construction site 4) the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars. 5) are correlated in all racial groups 4.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to 2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency 3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazard II. Word For

20、mation Clipped Words Blends Kilo kilogram Medicare medical care Memo memorandum email electronic mail gym gymnasium comsat communications satellite lib liberation newscast news broadcast doc doctor skyjack sky hijack vet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollar prep preparatory brunch breakfast and l

21、unch auto automobile telecast television broadcast flu influenza Oxbridge Oxford and Cambridge III. 1. swimming pool 2. drawing board 3. enriched Middle English 4. disturbing change 5. fully developed prototype 6. Canned foods 7. working population 8. puzzling differences Comprehensive Exercises I.

22、Cloze 1. 1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5)hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor 2. 1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities 6) overall

23、 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalities II. Translation 11) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance. 2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increas

24、e in social problem. 3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures. 4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently 5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal fro

25、m the coach. 2. Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sen

26、sors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from

27、 orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.Unit 3 Text AContent questions1. He runs a manufacturing company.2. Almost all of them were no.3. This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and therefore ill qualified. 4. Prepare to win. 5. T

28、hey now have to switch jobs frequently. 6. A 90-year-old tennis player who wanted to work on his weakness - backhand court. 7. Believing in yourself, even when no one else does. 8. Because he will mention a cab driver who is different. 9. His efforts to make a difference. 10.He was offered a ride on

29、 a day when Minnesota was hit with one of the worst snowstorms in years and the international airport there was closed for the first time in decades. 11. Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was the first person to take off from there. 12 Carlson was excited about being firs

30、t, which is exactly what the writer recommends to job applicants. Text Organization 1. Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One Paras 1- 6 An ill-prepared college graduate failed his interview. Part Two Paras 7-27 Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee. Part Three Paras 28-31 Make your

31、own tracks in whatever you do. 2. Suggestions Examples 1) Prepare to win. 1) Michael Jordan 2) Never stop learning. 2) a 90-year-old tennis player 3) Believe in yourself,even when no one else does 3) the four-minute mile, the New York Marathon and the Vietnam veteran. 4) Find a way to make a differe

32、nce. 4) a New York cabdriver. Language Sense Enhancement 1. (1) checked with (2) interview (3) grill (4) clippings (5) be right for (6) follow up (7) indicating （8）hand-delivered (9) prepared (10) prospective Language Focus I. 1.1) rude 2) physically 3) structure 4) made a difference 5) blurted (out

33、) 6) chuckling 7) measurable 8) prospective 9) preparations 10) sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partner 2. 1) go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up 4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up 7) be hooked up to 8) closed up 3.1) grilled her about where she had been all night 2) beyond Cinderellas wild

34、est dreams that she could one day dance in the Kings palace 3) will be in readers hands soon 4) do your homework before going on an interview. 5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars. 4. 1）applicants,veteran, the prospective 2）From his standpoint,has made every endeavor to go after 3) as the sayin

35、g goes, to have a crack at, barely II. Words with Multiple Meanings 1. behave 2. used to avoid repetition 3. Clean 4. get along 5. perform/complete 6. perform/complete 7. study 8. be enough 9. be acceptable III. Usage 1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, Ill talk abo

36、ut myself first. 2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here for you. 3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage? 4. Im going to work out the outline and

37、will let you know how it goes. By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai. 5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible? 6. Chris is back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful. C

38、omprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. (1) prospective (2) As I see it (3) done your homework (4) beforehand (5) endeavor (6) structure (7) partners (8) Respond (9) take a crack (10) from the standpoint (11) make a difference (12) follow up 2. (1) encouraging (2) inquiry (3) relevant (4) samples (5) ref

39、erences (6) advice (7) preparing (8) seriously (9) probably (10) exhibit II. Translation 1. 1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while. 2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventu

40、ally blurted (out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries. 3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, well have the future in our hands. 4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I h

41、ave barely enough food and drinks for a snack. 5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.2. Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while

42、seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a differences in his chance of success. I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience

43、 the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible dont have much of a chance of success. Unit 4Text AText rganization 1. PartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart OneParas 1-3Introduc

44、tion to Davos Man and the World Economic ForumPart TwoParas 4-5Debate over the impact of globalization on current society and culturePart Three ppppPTThreeThreeParas 6-8History of globalization and its recent trends and future prospectsPart FourParas. 9-11Globalization versus nationalism and the cha

45、llenges it faces2. Main Events1. Davos man spends a lot of time in places other than his native country.2. Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of personal choice, not an accident of birth.3. Davos Man believes that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across natio

46、nal borders, is both welcome and unstoppable.4. Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnected market-place in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.VocabularyI. 1) advantageous2) let alone3) witnessing/vani

47、shing 4) landmark5) entitled 6) displace7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen9) contradictions 10) aspires11) divorced 12) pendulums2.1) come to 2) dozed off3) believed in 4) was set apart5) take in6) sucks in7) clean up 8) turn away3.1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there b

48、y train or by bus.2)Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the worlds biggest car maker. 3)Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with his wife over money matters. 4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research. 5)She doesnt even know how to boil potatoes, let alone coo

49、k a meal. 5. a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investmentb) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scaleII.Word FormationWTOWorld Trade Organization 世界貿(mào)易組織GDPGross domestic product國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值A(chǔ)TMAutomated teller machine自動出納機(jī)VATValue-added ta

50、x增值稅CADComputer-aided design計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計ITInformation technology信息技術(shù)IDDInternational direct dialing國際直撥電話MTVMusic television音樂電視RadarRadio detecting and ranging雷達(dá)IOCInternational Olympic Committee國際奧委會VIPVery important person貴賓，大人物L(fēng)aserLight amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光CPUCentral p

51、rocessing unit中央處理器III. Usage1. An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.2. The reason(he gave) that he didnt notice the car till too late was unsatisfactory.3. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.4. Cloning had been raised as a possibil

52、ity decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze2. networking4. growth6. facilitate8. outlook10. patriotic 12. strike a balance(A)1. academics 3.a variety of 5. vanish7. endorsing 9. sweeping aside1

53、1. erasing(B)1. aided2.effects3.distances4. connected5. invested6. features7. prevailing8. qualitatively9. volume10. DistinguishingII. Translation1.) Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere.2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.4) Why is it that a considerable number of colleag