光伏太陽能專業(yè)英語詞匯集錦（Word）

1、1 / 6AC交流電 Alternating current Amorphous silicon solar cell 非晶硅太陽能電池 Thin-film solar cells are usually produced by evaporating several semi-conductor films onto a so-called "substrate" Ampère 安培 Unit indicating the strength of electric current Assembling system 集成系統(tǒng) System to install

2、solar modules on roofs, façades or in the field. Azimuth angle 方位角 Describes the deviation from the South towards East-western direction Building-integrated PV (BIPV) Used to describe a structure where PV replaces conventional materials and is integrated into the building. Typically, a photovol

3、taic array is incorporated into the roof or walls of a building. Roof tiles with integrated PV cells can now be purchased. Arrays can also be retrofitted into existing buildings; in this case they are usually fitted on top of the existing roof structure. Alternatively, an array can be located separa

4、tely from the building but connected by cable to supply power for the building. By-pass diode 旁路二極管 Conducts the electricity automatically past a module in case it is shadowed in one series. This is supposed to prevent any destruction due to overheating. Circuit 電路 A system of conductors that convey

5、 electricity. CdTe solar cell碲化鎘太陽能電池 Thin-film solar cell made of very thin CdTe semi-conductor films (< 3 microns) CIS solar cell Thin-film solar cell made of several films of differently doped copper-indium-diselenide Circuit breaker 斷路開關(guān) A safety device that shuts off power when it senses too

6、 much current. Combiner box 和路箱 Where the electrical wiring from the PV modules is joined together in parallel to combine electrical currents. Conductor 導(dǎo)體 A material that is used to convey electricity, i.e. wires. Conversion efficiency 轉(zhuǎn)換效率 The percentage of electricity that is created by a solar c

7、ell as compared to the amount of energy needed to generate that electricity. Current 電流 The flow of electricity between two points. Measured in amps. DC 直流電 Direct current Energetic amortization period 能量償還期 Period of time a photovoltaic system requires to produce the energy required for production.

8、 Efficiency 功率 The ratio of output energy to input energy. Electrical grid 電網(wǎng) A large distribution network that delivers electricity over a wide area. Electrode 電極 A conductor used to lead current into or out of a nonmetallic part of a circuit. Energy 能量 Usable power. Measured in kWh. Energy audit 能

9、量審核 A process that determines how much energy you use in your house or apartment. Energy yield 能量輸出 Electric energy indicated in kWh yielded by a photovoltaic system ENS Equipment to control the grid with attributed all-pole control element in series. The ENS includes a redundant voltage and frequen

10、cy control of the electricity grid and evaluates any leaps ascertained in the grid impedance. If the set limits are exceeded, the ENS will switch off the inverter. When the line voltage is re-established, the inverter will restart operation automatically. European efficiency rate Weighted efficiency

11、 rate is calculated by weighting different partial load efficiency rates and the full-load efficiency rate in line with the frequency of their appearance. Facade system 正面系統(tǒng) Photovoltaic system installed on the facade of a building or an integral part of a facade. Feed-in meter 輸入計(jì) Measuring instrum

12、ent for the supply of electric energy into the public power grid (unit in kWh) Mismatching interconnection of better and worse modules in one string as a consequence of which the worst module of one series determines the electricity. Field system 野外系統(tǒng) Photovoltaic system installed in a field Flat-ro

13、of system 平臺(tái)屋頂系統(tǒng) Photovoltaic system installed on a flat roof. Fossil fuels 礦物燃料 Fuels that are formed underground from the remains of dead plants and animals. i.e. oil, natural gas, and coal are fossil fuels. Global radiation 總輻射 Sum of diffuse, direct and reflected solar radiation onto a horizonta

14、l surface. Greenhouse effect 溫室效應(yīng) When heat from the sun becomes trapped in the Earth's atmosphere due to certain gases. Greenhouse gases 溫室氣體 The gases responsible for trapping heat from the sun within the Earth's atmosphere. i.e. water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, chlorofluorocar

15、bons, and nitrogen oxides. Grid 電網(wǎng) A distribution network, including towers, poles, and wires that a utility uses to deliver electricity. Grid-connected PV system 并網(wǎng)光伏系統(tǒng) When the electricity grid is available but electricity from a clean source (solar) is desired, solar panels can be connected to th

16、e grid. Provided that sufficient panels are placed, the appliances in the house/building will then run on solar electricity. A grid-connected solar electricity system basically consists of one or more solar panels, an inverter, cables, the electric load and a support structure to mount the solar pan

17、els. Hertz (HZ) 赫茲 The frequency of electrical current described in cycles per second, i.e. Appliances in the United States use 60 HZ. Inverter 逆變器 Converts the DC output of the PV system into usable AC output that can be fed directly into the building load. Irradiance 輻照度 the amount of solar energy

18、 that strikes a surface during a specific time period. Measured in kilowatts. I-V curve IV曲線 A graph that plots the current versus the voltage from the solar cell as the electrical load (or resistance) is increased from short circuit (no load) to open circuit (maximum voltage). The shape of the curv

19、e characterizing cell performance. Three important points on the IV curve are the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and peak or maximum power (operating) point. Junction box The point on a solar module where it connects, or is strung, to other solar modules. In-roof installation 鑲嵌屋頂系統(tǒng) Ph

20、otovoltaic system which is integrated into the roof cladding Island system 獨(dú)立系統(tǒng) Grid-independent power supply system kWh kilowatt hour Unit indicating energy/work and corresponding with the performance of one kilowatt during a period of one hour kWp - Kilowatt peak Unit indicating the maximum perfor

21、mance under standard test concitions (STC) Load 負(fù)載 The amount of electrical demand used in the building at any given time. Mono-crystalline silicon solar cell 單晶硅太陽能系統(tǒng) Basic raw material is a monocrystal drawn from melted silicon. Multi-crystalline silicon solar cell 多晶硅太陽能電池 Basic raw material is s

22、olar silicon cast in blocks. National Electrical Code (NEC) 國家電氣代碼 The U.S. minimum inspection requirements for all types of electrical installations, including solar systems. National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) 國家電力生產(chǎn)商協(xié)會(huì) The U.S. trade association that develops standards for the el

23、ectrical manufacturing industry. NREL The National Renewable Energy Laboratory 國家可再生能源實(shí)驗(yàn)室 A national lab that concentrates on studying and developing renewable energy sources. Open circuit voltage 開路電壓 Maximum voltage in an electric circuit which is generated when the electricity I equals zero (depe

24、nding on termperature). Performance guarantee 性能質(zhì)保 Extended guarantee of the module producer for the performance of the solar modules. Performance tolerance 性能公差 Tolerance stated by the producer with regards to the nominal power. Poly-cristalline solar cell 多晶硅太陽能電池 See multi-crystalline silicon sol

25、ar cell. PSC 電力供應(yīng)公司 Power supply companies. Peak load 最大負(fù)荷 The largest amount of electricity being used at any one point during the day. Photovoltaic (PV) 光伏 the conversion of light into electricity. The term "photo" comes from the Greek "phos," meaning light. "Voltaic"

26、 is named for Alessandro Volta (1745-1827), a pioneer in the study of electricity for whom the term "volt" was named. Photovoltaics, then, means "light electricity." Photovoltaic (PV) module 光伏組件 A number of photovoltaic cells electrically interconnected and mounted together, usu

27、ally in a sealed unit of convenient size for shipping, handling and assembling into arrays. The term "module" is often used interchangeably with the term "panel. Photovoltaic array 光伏陣列 An interconnected system of solar modules that function as a single electricity-producing unit. Pho

28、tovoltaic cell 光伏電池（格） This is the basic unit of a solar module that collects the sun's energy. Photovoltaic system 光伏系統(tǒng) A complete set of components that converts sunlight into usable electricity. Rectifier 整流器 Transforms alternating current into direct current Roof inclination 屋頂傾斜度 Angle of a

29、 roof towards the horizontal Rated power 額定功率 Nominal power output of an inverter; some units cannot produce rated power continuously. Semiconductor A material that has an electrical conductivity in between that of a metal and an insulator. Typical semiconductors for PV cells include silicon, galliu

30、m arsenide, copper indium diselenide, and cadmium elluride. Short-circuit electricity 短路電流 Maximum electricity in an electric circuit, which is generated when the voltage U at the terminals equals zero (proportional to solar radiation). Solar generator Sum of solar modules. Specific energy yield 能量生

31、產(chǎn)率 （比能率） Electric energy indicated in kWh and yielded by a photovoltaic system divided by the installed performance (kWp). Standard Test Conditions STC 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)試條件 General conditions under which the perfomance of a solar module is measured in a laboratory. Constant factors for measuring are: Irradiance o

32、f 1,000W/m²5f; light spectrum after penetration of 1.5fold density of the atmosphere (AM1,5); temperature of the solar cell 25°C. Supply meter 電源表 Measuring instrument for the supply of electric energy from the public power grid (unit in kWh) Termperature coefficient 溫度系數(shù) Indicates to what extent the individual factor changes with the temperature. Temperature-independent factors are voltage, ele