專四語法詞匯部分練習(xí)題與詳解

1、GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY1. We are late. I expect the film _by the time we get to the cinema.A. has startedB. will have startedC. will startD. may start2. But for sunlight, there _ no moonlight.A. will beB. would beC. had beenD. was3. All flights _ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do not

2、hing but take the train.A. had been cancelledB. were cancelledC. have been cancelledD. having been cancelled4. _seeing the damage he had done, he felt ashamed.A. ByB. OnC. AtD. For5. It is high time you _that you are not the most important person in the world.A. realizedB. have realizedC. realizesD.

3、 will realize6. These two are similar _they both have a high rainfall during this season.A. to thatB. besides thatC. in thatD. except that7. If he hadnt stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _here now.A. wouldnt be smilingB. wont smileC. couldnt have smiledD. didnt smile8. We will v

4、isit Huangshan next year _we have enough money.A. lestB. untilC. unlessD. provided9. The older worker and the young each _their own tools.A. haveB. hasC. are havingD. is having10. William told his wife _ .A. to have his shoes shoneB. to have his shoes shinedC. to have his shoes shiningD. shine his s

5、hoes11. The World Trade Center, the top _ is 410 meters high, is the tallest building in the world.A. of whichB. whichC. of whoseD. that12. Only when the war was over in 1945 _ to his hometown.A. did he returnB. he did returnC. he returnedD. had he returned 13. His honesty is _ ; nobody can doubt it

6、.A. in questionB. out of questionC. beside the questionD. without question14. It was not until he took up fishing that he _ to relax.A. had been beginningB. beganC. had begunD. beginning15. Not only you but also I _ mistaken on this point.A. areB. wereC. haveD. am16. The task wasnt easy, but we mana

7、ged it_ .A. anyhowB. somehowC. any wayD. some way17. Jane has just _a letter from a friend of hers in England.A. returnedB. answeredC. offeredD. replied18. Mr. John had given no _ that he was intending to resign.A. directionB. symptomC. informationD. indication19. As she opened the gate the lion gav

8、e a loud _and bounded at her.A. yellB. cryC. roarD. shout20. He spoke so quickly that I didnt _ what he said.A. catchB. listenC. getD. take21. It isnt quite _ that he will be present at the meeting.A. sureB. rightC. exactD. certain22. She has a terribly hot temper, _she is really kind.A. on the othe

9、r handB. on the contraryC. on second thoughtsD. on the whole23. Russel _ world opinion to condemn their policy of aggression.A. called onB. called forC. called upD. called off24. We must _ technical innovations and raise productivity.A. speed forB. step upC. switch onD. turn up25. We advised them to

10、 take a rest, but they _on finishing the work.A. suggestedB. continuedC. insistedD. persisted26. I love boiled eggs and potatoes; its my _ meal.A. deliciousB. popularC. favoriteD. fondest27. When we had finished dinner, Jimmy asked the waiter to bring him the _A. countB. billC. tipD. account28. Havi

11、ng kissed her son, Eve gave him a dismissive _ towards the car.A. pushB. pullC. dragD. draw29. They climbed to the top of the hill _ they could get a birds eye view of the city.A. in caseB. for fear thatC. in order thatD. as a result30. The members in the testing team were quite _ and could change s

12、chedule upon request.A. flexibleB. gentleC. sophisticatedD. shrewd語法詞匯答案與解析:1. B【句意】我們晚點(diǎn)了,估計(jì)在我們到達(dá)電影院之前電影就已經(jīng)開始了?！倦y點(diǎn)】該句子中的expect意為“考慮,估計(jì)”;by the time 意為“在之前”,常和將來完成時(shí)連用。2. B【句意】要是沒有陽光,也就不會(huì)有月光?！倦y點(diǎn)】英語中經(jīng)常用介詞短語表示虛擬條件,常用的這類介詞短語為: without, in the absence of,but for等。本句中的虛擬語氣表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的一種假設(shè),故主句中謂語為would be。3.

13、D【句意】因?yàn)楸╋L(fēng)雪,所有航班被取消,所以許多乘客只好坐火車?！倦y點(diǎn)】該句逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu),邏輯主語是All flights,邏輯謂語的動(dòng)作在那時(shí)業(yè)已完成,所以選擇having been cancelled。4. B【句意】看到自己造成的損壞,他覺得非常羞愧?！倦y點(diǎn)】“on +動(dòng)名詞”往往用于句中表示時(shí)間狀語,意為“在時(shí)候”,是一常用的固定搭配。5. A【句意】你該意識(shí)到你并不是世界上最重要的人?！倦y點(diǎn)】虛擬語氣也常用于it is high time that 的結(jié)構(gòu)中,意為“該了”。that 從句中的謂語一般用一般過去時(shí)。6. C【句意】這兩個(gè)地區(qū)相似,因?yàn)樗鼈冞@個(gè)季節(jié)的降水量都很大?！?/p>

14、難點(diǎn)】從句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意分析可知,兩個(gè)句子之間構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,而能夠表示因果關(guān)系的連詞只有 in that,意為“原因是,原因在于”,常放在第二個(gè)句子的句首,表示第一句中事件發(fā)生的原因。7. A【句意】如果你掉下來的時(shí)候,他沒站在梯子下接住你,你現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)還在這兒笑瞇瞇的了?！倦y點(diǎn)】此句為一錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句,從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反的一個(gè)假設(shè),按照常規(guī)虛擬語氣的要求,主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為wouldnt have smiled才能表示與過去事實(shí)相反;但從時(shí)間狀語判斷,主句實(shí)際要表達(dá)的是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,所以謂語動(dòng)詞為wouldnt be smiling。8. D【句意】假如我們有足夠的錢,明年我們就去游黃

15、山。【難點(diǎn)】provided 意為“假若”,相當(dāng)于if 或on condition that,常用于引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。lest意為“以防,以免”,由其引導(dǎo)的從句常常用虛擬語氣。until 的用法為:如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的肯定式,則until意為“直到,到為止”;如果主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,則主句應(yīng)該用否定式,此時(shí)until 意為“直到才”。unless 意為“除非,如果不”,相當(dāng)于if not。9. A【句意】年長(zhǎng)和年輕的這兩位工人各有自己的工具?！倦y點(diǎn)】each接在復(fù)數(shù)主語后只起狀語作用,所以全句的謂語動(dòng)詞仍用復(fù)數(shù)形式。10. B【句意】威廉告訴自己的妻子給他擦皮鞋?！倦y點(diǎn)

16、】have sth done 是一個(gè)常見句型,意為“使某事被做”;shine 作擦皮鞋講時(shí),過去分詞是shined”。11.A【句意】高410米的世界貿(mào)易中心是世界上最高的建筑?！倦y點(diǎn)】如果定語從句中要強(qiáng)調(diào)先行詞的某一部分,則通常用“名詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞”構(gòu)成的定語從句。此類定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞必須按照先行詞來確定。12.A【句意】直到1945年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后他才回到家鄉(xiāng)?！倦y點(diǎn)】副詞only置于句首,主要目的在于強(qiáng)調(diào),在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上,則引起倒裝。13.D【句意】他的誠(chéng)實(shí)是無可懷疑的,沒有人能懷疑這一點(diǎn)?！倦y點(diǎn)】without question 意為“無可懷疑的”。in question 意為“在考

17、慮中的,在議論中的”。out of question 意為“不成問題”。beside the question 無此搭配。14.B【句意】直到他開始以釣魚為樂,他才開始得到了輕松的休息。【難點(diǎn)】此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,所強(qiáng)調(diào)的時(shí)間狀語從句部分的動(dòng)作幾乎和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí),因而主句的謂語動(dòng)詞采用過去時(shí)便可。15.D【句意】不僅你,我也在這點(diǎn)上犯了錯(cuò)誤。【難點(diǎn)】按照英語語法,由not onlybut also構(gòu)成的主語,其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)按照就近關(guān)系,因此此句只能選擇D。16. B【句意】這項(xiàng)任務(wù)不易完成,但我們還是想辦法完成了【難點(diǎn)】somehow 意為“以某種方式,用某種方法

18、”;anyhow 意為“無論用何種方法”;any way 意為“任何方式”,是名詞;some way 是“某種方式”,也是名詞。17. B【句意】簡(jiǎn)剛剛給她英國(guó)的一個(gè)朋友回了一封信?！倦y點(diǎn)】answer a letter 意為“回信”,此時(shí),answer不能換成reply 。return 意為“歸還,退回”,offer意為“提出”。18. D【句意】約翰先生沒有作出打算辭職的暗示?！倦y點(diǎn)】indication 意為“暗示,跡象”;direction 意為“方面,方向,指令”; symptom意為“征兆,征候”;information意為“消息,情報(bào)”。19. C【句意】她打開大門,獅子大吼一聲

19、,向她撲去?！倦y點(diǎn)】roar 意為“吼聲,怒號(hào);轟鳴”;yell 意為“叫喊,號(hào)叫”;cry 意為“喊叫;哭”;shout意為“呼喊”,但和yell不同。shout強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)人以最高音調(diào)喊叫,以與周圍聲音對(duì)抗,可表示憤怒或救援等;yell指響亮而刺耳的喊聲,尤指求救的喊聲或運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)發(fā)出的不由自主的叫聲。20. A【句意】他說的非?？?我沒聽懂他說什么?！倦y點(diǎn)】catch 意為“聽清楚,領(lǐng)會(huì),理解”;listen 指“(注意地聽”;get 意為“學(xué)會(huì);掌握;記住”;take 意為“領(lǐng)會(huì)接受”。21. D【句意】說不好他會(huì)不會(huì)出席會(huì)議?！倦y點(diǎn)】certain意為“肯定的,必然的”,只作表語,主語可以是

20、人,也可以是猾的”。it,后面接真實(shí)主語從句;sure意為“確信的,有把握的,自信的”,主語一般是人,即可作表語也可作定語;right 意為“正確的,對(duì)的”;exact 意為“精確的,準(zhǔn)確的”。22. A【句意】她脾氣暴躁,但另一方面她很和藹?！倦y點(diǎn)】on the other hand 意為“另一方面”;on the contrary 意為“正相反”;on second thoughts意為“又一想;重新考慮后”;on the whole 意為“總的來看”。23. A【句意】羅素呼吁全世界輿論界譴責(zé)他們的侵略政策。【難點(diǎn)】call on 意為“呼吁,號(hào)召,要求”;call for 意為“要求”;call up意為“召集,征召入伍”;call off 意為“取消”。24. B【句意】我們必須加快技術(shù)革新,提高生產(chǎn)力?！倦y點(diǎn)】step up 意為“加快,加速”;speed for 不是固定搭配;switch on 意為“用開關(guān)接通電流;打開(電器開關(guān)”;turn up 意為“開大(聲音,調(diào)高”。25. C【句意】我們建議他們休息,可是他們堅(jiān)持要完成這項(xiàng)工作?！倦y點(diǎn)】insist on意為“堅(jiān)持,主張”,后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞,是習(xí)慣搭配;sugges