通信工程專業(yè)英語(共6頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一、 漢譯英1、 時(shí)分多址：TDMA （Time Division Multiple Address/ Time Division Multiple Access）2、 通用無線分組業(yè)務(wù)：GPRSGeneral Packet Radio Service3、 國(guó)際電報(bào)電話咨詢委員會(huì)：CCITT4、 同步數(shù)字體系：SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy （同步數(shù)字序列）5、 跳頻擴(kuò)頻：FHSS frequency hopping spread spectrum6、 同步轉(zhuǎn)移模塊：STM synchronous transfer module7、

2、 綜合業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)字網(wǎng)：ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network8、 城域網(wǎng)：MAN Metropolitan Area Network9、 傳輸控制協(xié)議/互聯(lián)網(wǎng)協(xié)議：TCP/IPTransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol10、 服務(wù)質(zhì)量：QOS Quality of Service11、 中繼線：trunk line12、 傳輸速率：transmission rate13、 網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理：network management 14、 幀結(jié)構(gòu)：frame structure15、 移動(dòng)手機(jī)：Mobile Phon

3、e 手機(jī) Handset16、 蜂窩交換機(jī)：（Cellular switches）（電池開關(guān)cell switch）(cell 蜂房)17、 天線：Antenna18、 微處理器：microprocessor19、 國(guó)際漫游：International roaming 20、 短消息：short message21、 信噪比：SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio)22、 數(shù)字通信：Digital communication23、 系統(tǒng)容量：system capacity24、 蜂窩網(wǎng)：cell network（cellular network）（Honeycomb nets） 2

4、5、 越區(qū)切換：Handover26、 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)：internet27、 調(diào)制解調(diào)器：modem28、 頻譜：spectrum29、 鼠標(biāo)：Mouse30、 電子郵件：electronic mail E-mail31、 子網(wǎng)：subnet32、 軟件無線電：software defined radios33、 網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源：network resources二、 英譯漢1、 mobile communication：移動(dòng)通信2、 Computer user：計(jì)算機(jī)用戶3、 Frame format：幀格式4、 WLAN：wireless local area network 無線局域網(wǎng)絡(luò)5、 Com

5、munication protocol：通信協(xié)議6、 Transmission quality：傳輸質(zhì)量7、 Remote terminal：遠(yuǎn)程終端8、 International standard：國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)9、 GSM：全球移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)Global System for Mobile Communications10、 CDMA：碼分多址Code Division Multiple Access11、 ITU：國(guó)際電信聯(lián)盟International Telecommunication Union12、 PCM：pulse code modulation 脈沖編碼調(diào)制13、 WDM：波分復(fù)用

6、Wavelength Division Multiplex14、 FCC：聯(lián)邦通信委員會(huì) Federal communications commission15、 PSTN：公用電話交換網(wǎng)Public Switched Telephone Network16、 NNI：網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)借口Network Node Interface17、 WWW：萬維網(wǎng)World Wide Web18、 VOD：視頻點(diǎn)播Video-On-Demand19、 VLR：訪問位置寄存器Visitor Location Register20、 MSC：移動(dòng)交換中心Mobile Switching Centre21、 HLR：

7、原籍位置寄存器Home Location Register22、 VLSI：超大規(guī)模集成電路Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits23、 Bluetooth technology：藍(lán)牙技術(shù)24、 Matched filter：匹配濾波器25、 ADSL：非對(duì)稱數(shù)字用戶環(huán)路Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop非對(duì)稱數(shù)字用戶線路(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)26、 GPS：全球定位系統(tǒng)Global Position System27、 ATM：異步傳輸模式Asynchronous Tra

8、nsfer Mode專心-專注-專業(yè)三、漢譯英1、脈沖編碼調(diào)制（PCM）依賴于三個(gè)獨(dú)立的操作：抽樣、量化和編碼。PCM is dependent on three separate operations: sampling, quantizing and coding。2、像TCP和IP那樣的協(xié)議已經(jīng)被設(shè)計(jì)出來，當(dāng)然，它們還需要被更新和維持。Protocols like TCP and IP have already been designed，of course，but they need to be updated and maintained。3、碼分多址是一種前景廣闊的寬帶數(shù)字工作系統(tǒng)

9、。One form of digital wide band operation which has good future potential is CDMA。4、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是可提供很多網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源的最大的信息庫。The internet is the largest repository of information which can provide very large network resources.5、開發(fā)蜂窩式移動(dòng)電話系統(tǒng)并將其在許多城市中推廣應(yīng)用的原因之一是傳統(tǒng)的移動(dòng)電話系統(tǒng)存在容量有限、服務(wù)性能差、頻譜利用率低的缺點(diǎn)。One of many reasons for develop

10、ing a cellular mobile telephone system and deploying it in many cities is the operational limitations of conventional mobile telephone system; limited servile capability，poor service performance，and inefficient frequency spectrum utilization.6、來自發(fā)端借口不見的定時(shí)新號(hào)被加到數(shù)據(jù)調(diào) 制解調(diào)器上，以使計(jì)算機(jī)與數(shù)傳機(jī)同步。在接收端，從數(shù)據(jù)流中取出同步脈沖式計(jì)

11、算機(jī)同步。Timing signals from the interface assembly at the transmitter are applied to the data modem to synchronize the computer and the data set. At the receivers synchronization pulses are derived from the data stream to synchronize the computer.7、我們正處于通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)革命的開始，越來越大的容量需求，各種各樣的應(yīng)用，以及服務(wù)質(zhì)量正在對(duì)光網(wǎng)絡(luò)提出巨大的需求。W

12、e are at the beginning of a revolution in communications networks, where increasing capacity, variety of applications, and quality of service are placing enormous demands on the optical network.8、目前在歐洲正在開發(fā)第三代移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)，其目的是要綜合第二代系統(tǒng)的所有不同業(yè)務(wù)并覆蓋更廣泛的業(yè)務(wù)（話音、數(shù)據(jù)、視頻、多媒體）范圍，而且還要與固定電話網(wǎng)絡(luò)的技術(shù)發(fā)展保持一致和兼容。The third genera

13、tion mobile communication system currently being developed in Europe, intended to integrate all the different services of the second generation system and cover a much wider range of broadband services (Voice、data、video、multimedia)consistent and compatible with technology developments taking place w

14、ithin the fixed telecommunication networks. 9、在現(xiàn)代對(duì)多媒體的描述中，我們所具有的技術(shù)已開始向人類具有的能力邁進(jìn)；通過使用計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、軟件和其他技術(shù)，如CD-ROM。不僅能將視頻圖像和音頻綜合在一起，而且可以與其他計(jì)算機(jī)用戶進(jìn)行交互工作。In the modern presentation multimedia we now have the technology that can begin to move towards an ability already held by the human beings in that by using c

15、omputer, technology, software and other technology, such as CD-ROM not only can we bring together audio and visual images but interactive with other computer users.10、為彌補(bǔ)這些問題，要在基本結(jié)構(gòu)中加入大量的高效中繼線。高效中繼線用于直接連接有大量的節(jié)點(diǎn)間通信業(yè)務(wù)量的各交換中心。通信量常常是通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)中可用的最低層次傳送的。To compensate for these problems, a large number of hig

16、h usage trunks augment the basic architecture. High-usage trunks are used for direct connection between switching centers with high volumes of internodes traffic. Traffic is always routed through the lowest available level of the work.11、光纖網(wǎng)絡(luò)的革命剛剛開始，并正快速向未來的帶寬無線、可靠和低費(fèi)用的在線世界發(fā)展。The revolution of optic

17、al network is just beginning, and is advancing very swiftly toward a future online world in which bandwidth is essentially unlimited、reliable and low-cost.12、實(shí)際設(shè)備通常使用8kHz的采樣速率，而如果每個(gè)樣值用8位碼的話，則話路是由一個(gè)重復(fù)速率64kHz的脈沖流來表示。Practical equipments, however, normally use a sampling rate of 8 kHz, and if 8 digits

18、per sample value are used the voice channel becomes represented by a stream of pulses with a repetition rate of 64 kHz.13、是由于SDH設(shè)備在這些方面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，才提供了網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)者所期望的靈活性，從而能低價(jià)高效地應(yīng)付帶寬方面的增長(zhǎng)并為后十年中出現(xiàn)的新的用戶業(yè)務(wù)作好準(zhǔn)備。It is the standardization of these aspects of SDH equipment that will deliver the flexibility required by

19、network operators to cost effectively manage the growth in bandwidth and provisioning of new customer services expected in the net decade.四、英譯漢1、The cellular concept is defined by two features, frequency reuse and cell splitting. Frequency reuse comes into play by using radio channels on the same fr

20、equency in coverage areas that are far enough apart not to cause co-channel interference. This allows handling of simultaneous calls that exceed the theoretical spectral capacity. Cell splitting is necessary when the traffic demand on a cell has reached the maximum=m and the cell is then divided int

21、o a micro-cellular system. The shape of cell in a cellular system is always depicted as a hexagon and the cluster size can be seven, nine or twelve.蜂窩的概念由兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)決定，頻率復(fù)用和小區(qū)分割。在相鄰覆蓋區(qū)域足夠遠(yuǎn)的而不至于引起共用信道干擾的，通過使用同一頻率的無線信道，頻率再利用才起作用。這樣可以出來同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的呼叫并超出理論頻譜容量。當(dāng)小區(qū)的業(yè)務(wù)需求增到最大時(shí)，就要被劃分，小區(qū)就要被劃分成更小的蜂窩系統(tǒng)區(qū)域，蜂窩系統(tǒng)的小區(qū)形狀常被描述成六邊形，一

22、群小區(qū)數(shù)量可以是9個(gè)或12個(gè)。2、Before you can use the Internet, you must choose a way to move data between the Internet and your PC. This link may be a high-speed data communication circuits, a local area network (LAN), a telephone line or a radio channel. Most likely, you will use a Modem attached to your teleph

23、one line to talk to the Internet. Naturally, the quality of your Internet connection and service, like many other things in life, is dictated by the amount of money you are willing to spend.Although all these services can well satisfy the needs of the users for information exchange, a definite requi

24、rement is needed for the users. Not only should the users know where the resources locate, but also he should know some operating commands concerned.在使用Internet之前，必須使用一種方法在呢的PC機(jī)和Internet之間傳遞數(shù)據(jù)，這種連接的鏈路可以是高速數(shù)據(jù)通道電路，局域網(wǎng)，電話線路或無線信道。最有可能的是，你使用Modem連到電話線上與Internet對(duì)話。當(dāng)然像生活中許多其他事物一樣，與Internet連接服務(wù)和質(zhì)量是由你花錢的數(shù)量來決

25、定的。雖然這些所有的服務(wù)可以很好滿足用戶交換信息需要，但用戶仍舊需要具有特定的先決條件，用戶不但要知道信息資源的位置而且要知道一些有關(guān)的操作命令。3、Packet switching achieves the benefits discussed so far and offers added features. It provides the full advantage of the dynamic allocation of the bandwidth, even when messages are long. Indeed, with packer switching, many pa

26、ckets of the same message may be in transmission simultaneously over consecutive links of a path from source to destination, thus achieving a pipelining effect and reducing considerably the overall transmission delay of the message as compared to message switching. It lends to require smaller storag

27、e allocation at the intermediate switches. It also has better error characteristics and leads to more efficient error recovery procedures, as it deals with smaller entities. Needless to say, packer switching presents design problems of its own, such as the need to reorder packets of a given message

28、that may arrive at the destination node out of sequence.分組交換除具有以上討論的有點(diǎn)之外，還具有一些特點(diǎn)。它提供帶寬動(dòng)態(tài)分配的全部?jī)?yōu)勢(shì)，甚至當(dāng)報(bào)文很長(zhǎng)時(shí)依然如此，由于有分組交換，一個(gè)報(bào)文的多個(gè)分組確定可以通過原點(diǎn)到終點(diǎn)通路中多個(gè)鏈路同時(shí)傳送，因而道道“管道”傳送的效應(yīng)，與報(bào)文交換相比，他大大的減少了報(bào)文整體傳送時(shí)延。在中間交換設(shè)備中這種方式只需要較小的存儲(chǔ)分配區(qū)域。分組交換的誤碼特性較好，由于它只涉及很短的長(zhǎng)度，因而導(dǎo)致更高效的糾錯(cuò)方式。當(dāng)然，分組交換也有自身設(shè)計(jì)上的麻煩，例如，當(dāng)報(bào)文無序到達(dá)目的節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí)，需要重新對(duì)該報(bào)文進(jìn)行分組排序。4、

29、As more and more systems join the Internet, and as more and more forms of information can be converted to digital form, the amount of stuff available to Internet users continues to grow. At some points very soon after the nationwide Internet started to grow, people began to treat the Net as a commun

30、ity, with its own tradition and customs.隨著越來越多的系統(tǒng)連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，越來越多的信息被轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)字形式，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶可利用的資料持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，在不久的將來當(dāng)國(guó)內(nèi)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的規(guī)模增加到一定程度時(shí)，人們開始把互聯(lián)網(wǎng)當(dāng)做社區(qū)對(duì)待，并且擁有自己的傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)慣。5、Three components are involved in a basic optical fiber system: the light source, the photo detector, and the optical transmission line. The optical light sour

31、ce generates the optical energy which serves as the information carrier, similar to a radio wave source supplying electromagnetic energy at radio wave wavelengths as the information carrier. The optical photo detector detects the optical energy and converts it into an electrical form. The optical fi

32、ber transmission line is the equivalent of copper wires and function as the conductor of optical energy.基本的光纖系統(tǒng)涉及到3個(gè)部分：光源、光檢測(cè)器和光纜。光源產(chǎn)生的能力作為信息的載體，類似于具有電磁能的無線電波用波長(zhǎng)作為信息載體，光檢測(cè)器檢測(cè)光能并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的形式，光纜等效于銅線具有傳導(dǎo)光能的作用。6、The fixed telephone service is global and the interconnection varies from coaxial cable to op

33、tical fiber and satellite. The national standards are different, but with common interfaces and interface conversion, interconnection can take place. For mobile the problem is far more complex, with the need to roam creating a need for complex networks and system. Thus in mobile the question of stan

34、dards is far more crucial to success than fixed systems.The GSM system is based on a cellular communications principle which was first proposed as a concept in the 1940s by Bell System engineers in the U.S. The idea came out of the need to increase network capacity and got round the face that broadc

35、ast mobile networks, operating in densely populated areas, could be jammed by a very small number of simultaneous calls. The power of the cellular system was that it allowed frequency reuse.全球范圍內(nèi)的固定電話通過同軸電纜、光纜和衛(wèi)星相連。盡管各國(guó)的通信標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不同，但是由于有共同的接口和接口轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)備，互連問題得以解決。對(duì)于移動(dòng)通信存在漫游問題，網(wǎng)絡(luò)和系統(tǒng)就比較復(fù)雜，所以移動(dòng)通信的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題就更關(guān)鍵。1940年有

36、美國(guó)貝爾系統(tǒng)工程師提出的蜂窩通信原理是GSM系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)，其思路是在人口密集的區(qū)域由于一些同時(shí)發(fā)起的呼叫導(dǎo)致網(wǎng)絡(luò)擁塞，采用蜂窩系統(tǒng)可以增加系統(tǒng)的容量，蜂窩系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于頻率的重復(fù)利用。7、The advantage of SDH are mainly reflected in the following:1)Lower network element costs: With a common standard, compatible equipment will be available from many vendors. In a highly competitive market pric

37、es will be vary attractive. 2) Better network management: With better network management, operators will be able to mote efficiently use the network and provide better service. The concept of TMN(Telecommunication Management Networks)is under study by CCITT. Some TMN standards defining management sy

38、stem interfaces already exist.3)Faster provisioning: If new circuits can be software defined to use existing spare bandwidth then provisioning will be mush faster. The only new connection needed will be from the customers premises to the nearest network access node.SDH的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：1、較低的網(wǎng)絡(luò)成本：由于具有共同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，許多供應(yīng)商提

39、供的設(shè)備可以兼容，激烈的時(shí)長(zhǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)可以降低成本，2、更好的網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理：運(yùn)營(yíng)商有能力提供更有效的業(yè)務(wù)，電信網(wǎng)管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)正在由CCITT指定，定義管理接口的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已經(jīng)出臺(tái)。3、快速準(zhǔn)備：如果新的電路可被軟件來定義，利用現(xiàn)有的空閑頻段從用戶到最近的網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)，接入的準(zhǔn)備工作將更快。8、If we consider binary transmission, the complete information about a particular message will always be obtained by simply detection the presence or absence of the pulse.