高中英語 Unit3 UndertheseaPartⅡ LearningaboutLanguage,UsingLanguage課件 新人教版選修7

1、Part Learning about Language, Using Language 課前預(yù)習(xí)識記 (學(xué)生用書P49).識記單詞1t_n. rise and fall of the sea that happens twice a day 答案：tide2n_n. cloth of threads that are knotted together with big holes between答案：net3c_n. very small part of a human, animal, or plant body答案：cell4s_n. furry animal that lives in

2、 the sea and on the land 答案：seal5s_v. pull liquid into your mouth through your lips答案：suck.選詞填空shallow, aware, dimension, steep, reflect, sharp, narrow, scare, vivid, target1I am _ to look down from so high a building.答案：scared2When the suns rays hit the earth, a lot of heat is _ back into space.答案：

3、reflected3He doesnt seem to be _ of the coldness that we dont like him the way he speaks.答案：aware4She has a very _ view of the world but she always thinks herself the best.答案：narrow5The famous teacher is still _ in thought though he is at the age of ninetytwo.答案：sharp6The river is _ enough that you

4、can walk across it.答案：shallow7A line has one _ and a square has two.答案：dimension8He gave a _ description of this event as if he were there.答案：vivid9The _ rock seems to be a wall.答案：steep10The hunters _ is a wild animal.答案：target重點詞語解讀(學(xué)生用書P49)1.target n. & v.(1)n.目標(biāo)，指標(biāo)；(批評的)目標(biāo)，對象This university will

5、 reach its target of 5,000 students next September.這所大學(xué)將于明年九月達到在校學(xué)生5,000人的目標(biāo)。The new sports centre is on target to open in June.新建的體育中心將在六月份如期開放。They bombed military and civilian targets.他們轟炸了軍事和民用目標(biāo)。 (2)v.把作為攻擊目標(biāo)，把作為批評的對象The company has been targeted by animal rights groups for its use of dogs in d

6、rugs trials.這家公司因用狗做藥物實驗而成為動物保護團體批評的對象。(3)v.面向，把對準(zhǔn)(某群體)The magazine targets single men.這本雜志以單身漢作為讀者群。注意：target作動詞用時，其過去式和過去分詞分別為：targeted, targeted。2reflect(1)vi.思考I often reflect on the beauty and complexity of life.我經(jīng)常思考人生的美麗與復(fù)雜。She reflected that his argument was probably true.她心想他的理由很可能對。He refl

7、ected that he should seize the chance.他想到應(yīng)該抓住這次機會。辨析：think, reflect與reason這組詞作為不及物動詞在一起比較的一般含義是“思考”。(1)think(名詞為thinking或thought)是通用詞，此“思考”的目的是為了得出某種結(jié)論，但是在“思考”時未必思想集中，所形成的概念未必清晰，所得出的結(jié)論未必正確。(2)reflect(名詞為reflection)所表示的“思考”含有這樣的意思：被思考的事物是過去發(fā)生過的，或者是現(xiàn)在存在的；這個詞一般表示嚴肅認真地、靜悄悄地考慮問題。(3)reason(名詞為reasoning)所表

8、示的“思考”或“推論”具有一種邏輯思維的過程，開始于某種假設(shè)或某種前提，甚至某種跡象，經(jīng)過推理，從而形成概念。You should think before doing that.做那事之前你應(yīng)該考慮考慮。He reflected before answering my question.他在回答我的問題之前仔細考慮了一下。Mans ability to reason makes him different from the animal.人類的思考力使自己不同于動物。I reason in this way about the matter.關(guān)于這個問題我是這樣想的。拓展：reflectio

9、n n想法，思考；反映；映象He answered my question quickly without reflection.他毫不思考，很快回答出我的問題。You had better tell me your reflection on this matter.你最好告訴我你對這件事的看法。The cat felt curious when she saw her own reflection in the mirror.這只貓看到自己在鏡子中的映象，感到很好奇。On further reflection, I saw that she might be right, after al

10、l.我再一考慮，反倒覺得可能還是她對。Your clothes are a reflection of your personality.一個人的衣著可反映出其個性。(2)vt.映射；反射；思考The still water reflected her face.靜水映出了她的臉。Your actions reflected your thoughts.你的行動反映了你的思想。Her sad looks reflected the thought passing through her mind.她悲傷的面容反映出她內(nèi)心的思想。 3aware adj.意識到的；知道的It happened w

11、ithout my being aware of it.事情在我不知不覺中發(fā)生了。Im(well) aware that very few jobs are available.我(很)清楚工作職位非常少。拓展：be aware of 意識到be aware that 意識到He said that the government was aware of the problem.他說政府已經(jīng)意識到這個問題。She was aware of the fact，but she could not face it yet.她已認識到這一事實，但她還不能面對它。辨析：aware與conscious(1

12、)aware 指通過感官、智力了解到人體內(nèi)部或外界事物的感覺。在此意義上，只作表語，常與介詞“of”連用，或者后跟從句。(2)conscious“意識的，意識到的”，也可用于一般清醒狀態(tài)。指內(nèi)心意識到的感覺，可作表語或定語，也可與介詞of連用或者后跟從句。I am aware that my teeth are diseased.我意識到我的牙齒壞了。I became aware of a sharp drop in temperature.我開始感到溫度已急劇下降。The person remains conscious throughout the operation.此人在整個手術(shù)過程中

13、，一直保持神志清醒。4vivid adj. 生動的；鮮明的；鮮艷的I have a vivid memory of my first day at school.我還清楚記得第一天上學(xué)的情景。She was wearing vivid green dress for the party.她身穿鮮綠的連衣裙來參加晚會。拓展：vividly adv.生動地；鮮明地5upside down上下翻轉(zhuǎn)過來的(地)；顛倒的(地)；亂七八糟的(地)He was holding the book upside down.他倒拿著那本書。The house was turned upside down by t

14、he burglars.那房屋被盜賊翻得亂七八糟。6scare(1)vt.驚嚇；使害怕Take no notice of him; hes just trying to scare us.不要理他，他只是在試圖嚇唬我們。The terrible sounds scared the children.可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了。(2)vi.害怕，受驚嚇He doesnt scare easily.他不輕易害怕。 (3)n.驚嚇；驚恐The escape of radioactive gas caused a major scare.放射性氣體的泄漏造成了一次很大的恐慌。拓展：(1)scare的常用

15、短語：scare sb. to death把某人嚇得要死scare sb. away/off將某人嚇跑scare sb. into doing sth.威脅/恐嚇某人做某事Both of us were scared to death when we found a badly wounded man lying on the ground.當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)地上躺著一個嚴重受傷的男子時，我們兩個人都嚇得要死。Rising prices are scaring off customers.不斷上漲的價格把顧客們紛紛嚇跑了。Some parents try to scare their children i

16、nto behaving well.有些父母試圖用恐嚇的方法讓孩子守規(guī)矩。 (2)類似于scare sb. to death的短語匯總：frighten sb. to death把某人嚇得要死put sb. to death處死某人beat sb. to death打死某人worry sb. to death使某人擔(dān)心得要死sentence sb. to death判處某人死刑work sb. to death把某人累死bore sb. to death使某人煩得要死疑難句式分析(學(xué)生用書P51)1.Im sitting in the warm night air with a cold dr

17、ink in my hand and reflecting on the daya day of pure magic！(P24)我坐在溫暖的夜風(fēng)中，手持一杯冷飲回憶著這一天這奇妙至極的一天！with a cold drink in my hand 是一個“with賓語賓語補足語”的結(jié)構(gòu)，其基本句式如下：with賓語介詞短語with賓語形容詞/副詞with賓語非謂語動詞此結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語，表時間、原因、方式、伴隨等，也可以作定語。He likes to sleep with the windows open.(形容詞作賓補)他喜歡開著窗戶睡覺。With her son away from ho

18、me，she was worried.(副詞短語作賓補)由于她的兒子離家出走，所以她很擔(dān)心。She came in with a baby in her arms.(介詞短語作賓補)她抱著孩子進來了。With the problem settled，we went on smoothly.(過去分詞作賓補)由于問題得到解決，我們進展順利。With a local guide leading the way，we got there easily.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作賓補)由于當(dāng)?shù)叵驅(qū)?，我們很容易到了那兒。With her husband to help her，she worked it ou

19、t.(不定式作賓補)由于她丈夫幫助她，她解決了這個問題。2The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding mepurples，reds，oranges，yellows，blues and greens.(P24)我首先注意到的就是我周圍那些鮮艷的顏色紫色、紅色、橘黃、黃色、藍色和綠色等。該句是復(fù)合句。I became aware of 是定語從句，修飾the first thing，關(guān)系詞that在從句中作賓語，被省略。all the vivid colours作表語，其主語是the first t

20、hing。3It seemed there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner as I explored small caves, shelves and narrow passages with my underwater flashlight: the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down, and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard birdlike mouth; a yellowspotted r

21、ed seaslug was sliding by a blue seastar; a large wiselooking turtle was passing so close to me that I could have touched it.(P24) 當(dāng)我用水下探照燈在小石洞、巖石和狹窄的通道之間探索時，似乎每個角落都有使我驚奇的東西在等著我：黃綠相間的鸚嘴魚倒掛著，用鳥兒一樣的硬嘴去吮吸珊瑚上微小的植物；帶著黃斑點的紅色海蛞蝓從藍色的海星旁邊滑行過去；一只長相聰慧的大海龜緊貼著我的身旁而過，我伸手可觸及。(1)本句句式較為復(fù)雜。主句是it seemed there was a su

22、rprise，現(xiàn)在分詞短語waiting for me around every corner作定語修飾surprise。as引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句。冒號后面的內(nèi)容起解釋說明的作用。 (2)句中birdlike, yellowspotted, wiselooking都是復(fù)合形容詞。復(fù)合形容詞有下列幾種構(gòu)成方式：名詞形容詞lifelong終生的/worldfamous世界聞名的名詞現(xiàn)在分詞peaceloving愛好和平的/mouthwatering令人垂涎的名詞過去分詞manmade人工的/snowcovered被雪覆蓋的形容詞(數(shù)詞)名詞oldtype舊式的/secondhand二手的形容詞(數(shù)

23、詞)名詞edwarmhearted熱心腸的/fourlegged四條腿的形容詞現(xiàn)在分詞goodlooking好看的/illfitting不合身的形容詞過去分詞readymade現(xiàn)成的/foreignborn在國外出生的副詞現(xiàn)在分詞hardworking勤勞的/fastmoving快速移動的副詞過去分詞hardwon來之不易的/newlybuilt新造的基數(shù)詞單數(shù)名詞old/high/long/wide等tenyearold 10歲的4There were other creatures that I didnt want to get too close toan eel with its s

24、trong sharp teeth, with only its head showing from a hole, watching for a tasty fish (or my tasty toe！); and the giant clam half buried in some coral waiting for something to swim in between its thick green lips.(P24)還有一些其他的動物，我不想太靠近它們一條帶有利齒的鰻魚，只是把頭從石洞里伸出來，望著可供美餐的魚過來(或者在等著我的美味腳趾伸過去！)；那只巨大的蛤蜊半掩在珊瑚礁中等

25、著有什么東西游過來，游到它那寬厚的綠嘴辱中去。 (1)本句的主句是there were other creatures。that引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，修飾creatures。破折號后面的an eel和the giant clam是creatures的同位語。eel后面的with its strong sharp teeth是with短語作定語，with only its head showing from a hole是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。(2)句中watch for意為“等待(某人出現(xiàn)或發(fā)生某事)”。They are watching for further developments.他們等

26、待著進一步的發(fā)展。Youll have to watch for the right moment.你將不得不等候時機。拓展：(1)watch out(for)當(dāng)心(提防)I asked them to watch out for slick spots.我叫他們當(dāng)心路滑的地方。Watch out! Theres a car coming.小心！汽車來了。(2)watch over看守；監(jiān)視；照顧They were watched over by three policemen.他們被三個警察監(jiān)視著。The doctor said Mary was sick, so we had to wat

27、ch over her.醫(yī)生說瑪麗病了，因此我們得照看她。5Then there were two grey reef sharks, each about one and a half metres long, which suddenly appeared from behind some coral.(P24)然后還有兩條灰色的珊瑚鯊，每條大約有1.5米長，它們突然從珊瑚礁后面游了出來。(1)each about one and a half metres long實際上是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在此處作狀語。which引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句，修飾reef sharks。(2)from behi

28、nd是雙重介詞。雙重介詞結(jié)構(gòu)，是由兩個介詞搭配而成，如：from under the bed, until after lunch等。雙重介詞結(jié)構(gòu)通常有下面三種構(gòu)成方式：from介詞短語。The moon appeared from behind the clouds.月亮從云層后面露了出來。A rat ran from under the bed.一只老鼠從床底下跑了出來。He swam from across the river.他從河對面游了過來。except介詞短語。except后常接介詞at, by, from, in, on, to等引出的短語。I searched everywh

29、ere except in the bedroom.除了臥室我到處都找了。till/until介詞短語。till/until后常接介詞after引出的短語。Not until after lunch can you see him return home.只有在午飯后你才能看到他回家。6I told myself they werent dangerous but that didnt stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment！(P24)我告訴自己它們沒有危險但是這并沒有阻止我在那一刻嚇得要死！本句是由but 連接的兩個并列句。第一個句

30、子又是一個含有一個賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句(從句前省略了連詞that)。注意：賓語從句中that一般情況可省，但that在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時也并不是任何情況下都可以省略。在以下情況下，that不能(不宜)省略。 (1)當(dāng)動詞后帶有兩個并列的賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)第二個從句的連詞that不可省略。The teacher told the students (that) they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed by their parents.老師告訴學(xué)生他們要在第二天交上作業(yè)，并且

31、作業(yè)必須由家長簽名。 (2)當(dāng)that前面有插入語時，that 不宜省略。Little Alice didnt know，Im sure，that her sister was going to America soon.我確信，小艾麗斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美國了。(3)省略答語中，that賓語從句單獨出現(xiàn)時，that不可省略。What did he say?他說了什么？That he would visit the Great Wall.(他說)他將會參觀長城。 (4)當(dāng)主句的狀語部分位于that賓語從句之前時，that不宜省略。Jane realized at once that sh

32、e must deal with it herself.簡立刻意識到她必須親自處理那件事。(如省略that，at once也可能修飾從句，是表示“立刻意識到”，還是表示“立刻去處理”，較為含糊)(5)當(dāng)that 賓語從句中的狀語部分位于從句的前部時，that 不宜省略。Tom promised that if he could earn as much as 500 dollars in this month，he would buy a computer for his brother.湯姆許下諾言，如果他在這個月里能夠賺到500美元，他就給他的弟弟買臺電腦。(6)當(dāng)that 賓語從句是雙賓

33、語中的直接賓語時，that 一般不宜省略。I will never tell anyone that you have ever been there.我絕對不會告訴別人你曾經(jīng)去過那兒。 (7)當(dāng)主句中的謂語動詞是固定詞組時，其賓語that從句中的that不宜省略。Mary has made up her mind that she will study hard for the scholarship，so she can have the chance to go abroad for further study.瑪麗下定決心努力學(xué)習(xí)以獲得獎學(xué)金資格，這樣她就有機會出國深造了。(8)當(dāng)th

34、at 賓語從句前有it作其形式賓語時，that不可省略。We think it important that college students should master at least one foreign language.我們認為大學(xué)生至少掌握一門外語是很重要的。 (9)當(dāng)that賓語從句的主語是非謂語動詞或是主語從句時，that不可省略。The old lady then explained that what she was looking for was a pair of gloves for a girl.老太太然后說她尋找的是一雙女孩子戴的手套。The doctor sa

35、id that taking exercise was the best way of losing weight.醫(yī)生說運動是最好的減肥方式。7The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.(P24)水很淺，但是到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。where在此是連詞，意為“在的地方”，引導(dǎo)一個地點狀語從句。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。We shoul

36、d go where we are most needed.我們應(yīng)該到最需要我們的地方去。The factory is built where two rivers come together.這家工廠建在兩條河交匯的地方。8It marked a boundary and I thought I was very brave when I swam over the edge of the reef and hung there looking down into the depths of the ocean.(P24)這是邊界的標(biāo)志，當(dāng)我游過珊瑚礁的邊沿，浮在上面往下看海底的時候，我認為

37、我還是非常勇敢的。本句中第一個and連接兩個并列分句。在第二個并列分句中， I was very brave.是一個賓語從句，其中when引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句，狀語從句中有兩個并列的謂語swam over和hung，現(xiàn)在分詞短語looking down into the depths of the ocean作伴隨狀語。課后雙基訓(xùn)練 (學(xué)生用書P53).單詞拼寫1The sunlight was_(映射)in the water.答案：reflected2The tiger opened his _(鋒利的)teeth, scaring other animals away.答案：sharp3

38、He wasnt_(意識到的)that he had been made fun of.答案：aware4The baby is s_milk from a bottle.答案：sucking5Hes got nothing beyond his state_(養(yǎng)老金)答案：pension6I like to go for a _(慢跑) after work.答案：jog7The whale is found in the s_ water around the coast.答案：shallow8He helped you out of _(純潔的) kindness.答案：pure9The

39、 river is the _(分界線) between the two countries.答案：boundary10You can leave your umbrella in the e_.答案：entry.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空1We should study the situation_depth before taking action.答案：in2If you make a noise youll scare_the birds.答案：away3Kate often reflects_what she has done.答案：on4Im_aware that this is a

40、risky investment.答案：well5My new house is being decorated, so everything is upside_.答案：down.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1They are discussing the problem.It is of great importance.The problem_ _ is of great importance.答案：being discussed2Mary told me that I could close the window if I wanted to.Mary told me that she _ _ _ th

41、e window.答案：didnt mind my closing3Jim was running fast and no one could catch up with him.Jim was running_ _ the others.答案：ahead of4Do you notice that someone is watching you?_you _ _ _ _？答案：Are；aware of being watched5Im scared that someone may attack me.Im scared_ _ _.答案：of being attacked.單項填空1Rese

42、arch_out at Livepool University supports direction, well lose it.Ato carry B. carryingCbeing carried D. having carried答案與解析：Cbeing carried out意思是“正在開展”，是v.ing的被動形式作定語，修飾research，意為“正在進行的研究”。2. Why didnt you go to see the play?_the whole story, I decided not to see it.A. Being told B. I had been told

43、C. I was told D. Having been told答案與解析：Dhaving been done表示被動完成的動作，在句中作原因狀語。3The question_at present has something important to do with nature.A. to be discussing B. to be discussedC. discussed D. being discussed答案與解析：D句意：現(xiàn)在正在討論的問題和自然密切相關(guān)。v.ing的被動形式的一般式，表示被動且正在進行的動作。4Car 18 won the race.Yes, but its

44、driver came close to_.A. having been killed B. have been killedC. be killed D. being killed答案與解析：Dcome close to“接近于”，其中to為介詞，driver與kill之間為被動關(guān)系，故用v.ing的被動語態(tài)。5Tony was very unhappy for_the secret.A. having not been toldB. not having toldC. having not toldD. not having been told答案與解析：D此題考查v.ing的否定形式的被

45、動語態(tài)，not應(yīng)放在v.ing之前。6Also when you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself_continuous situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.A. aware of B. worried aboutC. familiar with D. accustomed to答案與解析：Abe aware of “意識到”。be worried about“著急”；be familiar with“對熟悉”；be accust

46、omed to “習(xí)慣于”。7Most young girls were scared_stay outside after 1000 pm. because they were scared_being robbed in the city.A. to; to B. to; ofC. of; to D. of; of答案與解析：Bbe scared to do sth.“不敢去做某事”；be scared of doing sth.“害怕做某事”。8The police turned the whole house_looking for clues.A. upside down B. ou

47、t frontC. side by side D. down to earth答案與解析：Aupside down“亂七八糟地”。out front“在門外”；side by side“肩并肩”；down to earth“實際的”。9He made the story so_that we all believed it.A. abstract B. vividC. shallow D. magic答案與解析：Bvivid“生動的；形象的”；abstract“抽象的”；shallow“淺的”；magic“魔法的”。10It was a(n)_party. We danced all nigh

48、t and then watched the sun coming up over the sea. No better way to welcome the New Year.A. awful B. terribleC. frightening D. awesome答案與解析：D句意：這是一個很棒的晚會，我們徹夜跳舞，然后觀看海上日出，沒有比這更好的迎接新年的方式了。awesome “很好的；了不起的”。awful“可怕的”；terrible“恐怕的”；frightening“令人害怕的?！?閱讀理解AWelcome to the National Maritime(海洋) Museum!T

49、he National Maritime Museum is the largest of its kind in the world, with over two million items in its collections. Twenty galleries display some of the finest sea affairs in historic buildings, which were formerly a school for the sons of seamen.Opening Times10:0017:00 Winter hours10:00 18:00 Summ

50、er hoursLast admission is thirty minutes before closing. Smoking is not allowed in the museum. Eating and drinking are only allowed in the designated (指定的) areas. Photography and Video are not permitted inside the building.BookingsOur Central Booking Group handles all group visit, from school, group

51、s organizers to tour operators.Education and InterpretationSchools programs operate in termtime. Programs of talks, tours, workshops, storytelling, living history and interpretation(解說) are run throughout the year, especially at weekends and during school holidays.ElibraryFacilities(設(shè)備) are provided

52、 for electronic access to the museums collections. Please ask a member of the staff for directions to the nearest terminals. These facilities are also available from the comfort of your own home.1. This passage mainly tells us_the museum.A. the way to get toB. the purpose to buildC. a brief introduc

53、tion toD. a detailed description of答案與解析：C主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章中出現(xiàn)的Opening Times，Booking，Education and Interpretation以及Elibrary, 可以看出這是對海洋博物館進行介紹。2. Which of the following is certainly forbidden according to the passage?A. Trying to enter the museum after 5:00 pm.B. Taking pictures in front of the museum.C. Ta

54、lking loudly when you enjoy the collections.D. Eating and drinking wherever you are.答案與解析：D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Opening Times中的內(nèi)容可知夏天到下午六點，所以5點以后可以進，排除A項；拍照不允許在里面拍，沒有說在博物館前，排除B項；C項沒有提到；文中說吃和喝要在一個指定的地方進行。3. From the passage we can learn that_.A. the museum runs a school and has students of its ownB. students can

55、receive different kinds of education hereC. part of school education has to be done in the museumD. school programs are only run at weekends and on holidays答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)Education and Interpretation 部分，可以看出在海洋博物館里學(xué)生可以進行許多活動如talks，tours，workshops，storytelling，living history等。文中只是說有些學(xué)校在這兒對學(xué)生進行知識教育，但沒

56、有說博物館擁有學(xué)校，故選項A是錯誤的；文中并沒有說教學(xué)必須在這里進行。故選項C是錯誤的；根據(jù)文中的especially可知，這些活動什么時候都可舉行，并不是只在周末或節(jié)假日進行，故D項是錯誤的。BEvery year more people recognize that it is wrong to kill wildlife for “sport.” Progress in this direction is slow because shooting is not a sport for watching, and only those few who take part realize

57、the cruelty and destruction.The number of gunners, however, grows rapidly. Children too young to develop proper judgments through independent thought are led along way away by their gunning parents. They are subjected to advertisements of gun producers who describe shooting as good for their health

58、and gun carrying as a way of putting redder blood in the veins(血管). They are persuaded by gunner magazines with stories honoring the chase and the kill. In school they view motion pictures which are supposedly meant to teach them how to deal with arms safely but which are actually designed to stimul

59、ate(刺激) a desire to own a gun. Wildlife is disappearing because of shooting and because of the loss of wild land habitat(棲息地). Habitat loss will continue with our increasing population，but can we slow the loss of wildlife caused by shooting? There doesnt seem to be any chance if the serious condition of our birds is not improved.Wildlife belongs to everyone and not to the gunners alone. Although most people do not shoot, they seem to forgive shooting for sport because they know little or nothing about it. The only answer,