透析中考英語語法形容詞、副詞考點(diǎn)

1、透析中考英語語法狀語從句考點(diǎn)透析中考英語語法狀語從句考點(diǎn)【狀語從句命題趨勢】用一個(gè)句子(從句)來作另一個(gè)句子(主句)的狀語，用作狀語的句子就叫作狀語從句。作什么樣的狀語就叫什么類型的狀語從句。例如：條件狀語從句就是用一個(gè)句子來作條件狀語。1 考查時(shí)間狀語從句。2 考查原因狀語從句3 考查地點(diǎn)狀語從句。4 考查結(jié)果狀語從句5 考查條件狀語從句。6 考查讓步狀語從句。7 考查伴隨狀語從句。8 考查方式狀語從句【考點(diǎn)詮釋】一、時(shí)間狀語從句在時(shí)間狀語從句中，通常要用動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來時(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來式。

2、時(shí)間狀語從句常用連詞有： when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely) when, every time等引導(dǎo)。1 考查when, while, as引導(dǎo)，表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”.【考例】一Mum，_shall we have lunch?  We will have it when your dad_.   07連云港市A

3、when；returns      B where returns    Cwhere；will return    Dwhen；will return答案A解析 答語中when引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句用了一般將來時(shí)態(tài)，所以從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，可見正確答案在A與B之中。既然答語用了時(shí)間狀語來回答，可見問句詢問的也一定是時(shí)間，從而確定正確答案為A。2. before 的用法：before的本意為“在之前”，根據(jù)具體語境還可理解為“還沒來得及/還沒有就，趁著還沒就，不知不覺就，才”等。

4、如：【考例】Could you please give me your e-mail address _you go? 昆明市A. as soon as      B. before           C. after            D. until答案B解析這四個(gè)詞(組)都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，as soon as一就befo

5、re在之前；after在之后；until直到才。分析句子可以看出句意為“在你走之前把你的電子郵件地址給我好嗎?”2until 和till 的用法：與肯定式的主句連用，主句謂語必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，till/ until表示“直到”；與否定式的主句連用，且主句謂語是非延緩性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，till/ until表示“直到才”。其強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為“notuntil” ，位于句首時(shí)要采用倒裝形式。如：【考例】一Hurry upThe bus is comingOh。noWe mustn't cross the street _the traffic lights are green福州市A after

6、0;      B since       C while       Duntil      答案D 解析本題應(yīng)從句意人手。until常用于否定句中，構(gòu)成"notuntil"結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“直到才”，該句意為“直到交通燈變綠，我們才能穿過馬路”。The kids didn't start to fly kites in the playground _

7、the rain stopped. 成都市A. if           B. until          C. whenever答案B解析 notuntil直到才?！爸钡接晖：⒆觽儾趴梢匀ゲ賵龇棚L(fēng)箏”，-Look! Here comes our school bus.     -No hurry. Don't get on it _it has stopp

8、ed. 安徽省A. until           B. after           C. since           D. whenA解析句中有don't，可想notuntil為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“直到才”。三、對條件狀語從句的考查引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有if ,unless(=i

9、f not如果不，除非)，as/so long as ,while(=as long as 只要)，supposing(that),provided/providing(that),in case(假使)，on condition that(在的條件下)等。如：【考例】_you go to bed earlier, you won't feel tired in the mornings沈陽市A Unless       B Because       CIf

10、0;       DWhen答案C 解析考查if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。“假如你早一點(diǎn)上床睡覺，那么你在上午就不會感到累?！盰ou won't pass your exams _ you work harder.  廣東省                         &#

11、160;                                                 &#

12、160;                                            A. when     

13、       B. if                C. unless           D. after答案C 解析when，after一引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，不合題意；if，unless引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，If不合句意，“除非你更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)，否則，你不會通過考試”。故用unl

14、ess。四、對讓步狀語從句的考查用來引導(dǎo)讓步地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞有：though，although，even ifthough， while(雖然、盡管)，for a11(that)(盡管)whetheror(不論不管還是)以及“疑問詞+ever（whatever，wherever，whoever，however，）”和 “no matter +疑問詞”等。 【考例】Shall we go on working?    Yes ,        I prefer to have a rest

15、. （2004江西省南昌）  Awhen  Bif Cbecause  Dthough答案: D命題立意：本題考查從屬連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的用法。試題解析：依據(jù)上句：我們繼續(xù)工作嗎？是的，盡管我想休息會。Edison never gave up,         he failed many times. (2004四川) Aand  Bthough  Cor答案: B命題立意：本題考查從屬連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的用法。試題解析

16、：依據(jù)題意：即使愛迪生失敗多次，他也決不放棄。though用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故選B。五、 對目的狀語從句的考查：引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞有 so that , in order that (為了，以便)；in case(以防，以免)，lest(免得，以防)，for fear that(以免，惟恐)等。從句中一般含有can , could, may,might ,will, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如：【考例】一More and more people in Beijing are learning English _they can better serve the 2008 0lympi

17、c Games一I'm sure they will宜昌市Abecause of      B so that     Ceven though      Das if答案B解析 本題也應(yīng)從句意人手。越來越多的人學(xué)習(xí)英語，“為的是”能更多更好地為奧運(yùn)服務(wù)。so that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)目的狀語從句。六、對結(jié)果狀語從句的考查【考例】The camera is        

18、60; expensive         I cant afford  it. (2004遼寧本溪)A. so, that        B. such, that         C. so, as to          D. enough, that答案: A命

19、題立意：本題考查從屬連詞引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的用法。試題解析：依據(jù)題意：這照相機(jī)太貴以致我買不起。expensive為形容詞,sothat句中要用形容詞或副詞；suchthat要用形容詞修飾名詞。其他兩項(xiàng)不能引起從句。故選A?！菊Z法回顧】狀語從句的分類。1. 時(shí)間狀語從句用法要點(diǎn)。（1）as、when、while用法一覽表。類別 作    用 例     句as as表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。 She came

20、 up as I was cooking.(同時(shí))The runners started as the gun went off.(幾乎同時(shí))when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。 It was raining when we arrived.(指時(shí)間點(diǎn))When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段時(shí)間內(nèi))while while意思是“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”或“在某一段時(shí)

21、間里”。主句中的動(dòng)作或事情在從句中的動(dòng)作或事情的進(jìn)展過程中發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。在when表示a period of time時(shí)，兩者可以互換。 Please dont talk so loud while others are working.He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可，這里的while意思是“趁”)凡是從句都必須有引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的詞有 when, before, after, until, as soon as, while 等，具

22、體用法如下：1. when 意為“當(dāng)時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或先后發(fā)生。例如： I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你（們）來看我時(shí)，我感到很高興。When you are crossing the street, you must be careful. 你（們）過街道時(shí)，一定要小心。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，when的從句可以用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞。例如：He was working at the table when I went in. 當(dāng)我進(jìn)去的時(shí)候，他正在桌旁工作。Someone knocked

23、 at the door when I was sleeping. 當(dāng)我正在睡覺時(shí)，有人敲門。I will visit my good friend when I have time. 當(dāng)我有空兒時(shí)，我將去看望我的好友。I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 當(dāng)我在上海時(shí)，我為一家外國企業(yè)工作。注：when也可以作并列連詞，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)詞正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，突然間發(fā)生了另外一件事。I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help. 我正在河邊釣魚，就在那時(shí)有人求救。

24、We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out. 我們正在化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作，突然燈都熄滅了。2. before 意為“在之前”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前。例如： We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天離開學(xué)校之前，我們打掃了教室。 He had been a cook before he went to college . 他上大學(xué)前曾當(dāng)過廚師。after 意為“在之后”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生

25、在從句的動(dòng)作之后。例如： After you use plastic bags, you mustn't throw them about. 你（們）用過了塑料袋之后，不準(zhǔn)到處亂扔。He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后給我打了個(gè)電話。注：若主句和從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成時(shí)態(tài)，例如上面的第二句可改成：He called me after he finished his work. 3. since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，譯為“自從”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過去時(shí)。例如：We have

26、made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自從我們開始做飯起，我們已經(jīng)包了許多餃子了。We haven't seen each other since we parted . 我們自從分手以后一直沒見過面。注：常用句型：It is +時(shí)間段+since從句   譯為：自從有多長時(shí)間了。例如：It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自從她大學(xué)畢業(yè)已有六年的時(shí)間了。4. until 意為“直到時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前

27、。當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句常用肯定形式；當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常用否定形式, not. until. 意為“直到才”，這時(shí)的until可以用before 來替換。例如：I'll stay here until you come back. 我會呆在這里，直到你回來。(stay表示的動(dòng)作可以持續(xù)) He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺。(go to bed 表示的動(dòng)作不能持續(xù)) 5. as soon as 意為“一就”，表示從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作馬上就發(fā)生。例如

28、： I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回來我就告訴他這件事。6. while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，常譯為“與同時(shí)，在期間”，while的從句中常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的詞。例如：They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 當(dāng)我們正在討論問題時(shí)，他們沖了進(jìn)來。Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 當(dāng)我正在打電子游戲時(shí)，爸爸正在清洗汽車。注：while也可以作并列連詞，表轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，

29、相當(dāng)于but，譯為“然而”。 例如：I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜歡聽音樂，而我的兄弟愛好運(yùn)動(dòng)。7. till和until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，譯為“直到為止”，not till / until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，譯為“直到才”。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的結(jié)束，用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的開始，用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞。例如：I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友來。We won't start our discussion un

30、til / till he comes. 我們要等到他來了，再開始我們的討論。2. 條件狀語從句用法要點(diǎn)。 我們主要看一下由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。if 意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí)，表示假如有從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生就(不)會有主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。例如： If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨，我們就騎自行車去那里。If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快點(diǎn)看病。3. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句用法要點(diǎn)。常用where（哪里）和whe

31、rever（無論哪里）例如：Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。We will go wherever the motherland needs us most. 我們要到祖國最需要的地方去。4. 原因狀語從句用法要點(diǎn)。常用的引導(dǎo)連詞有because, as和since。三者的區(qū)別是：在回答問題的時(shí)候，使用because；對于顯而易見的原因，常用as或since；as和since的從句常放在主句之前，而because的從句常放在主句之后。eg.Why did you go?  I went because Tom told m

32、e to go. 你為何去？那是因?yàn)闇方形胰?。He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise. 他很生氣不是因?yàn)槲覀儊磉t了，而是因?yàn)槲覀兣隽寺曇?。As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors. 由于雨太大，我們只好呆在家里。Since you feel ill, you'd better not go to work. 既然你感覺不舒服，你最好不要去上班了。5. 目的狀語從句用法要點(diǎn)。常用的引導(dǎo)連詞有so that, that和in order that譯

33、為：以便，為了，目的是。例如：Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 請講慢一點(diǎn)，以便我們能作詳細(xì)筆記。I shall write down your address that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址記下來，以免忘記。I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time. 這封信我以航空信發(fā)出，以便他能及時(shí)收到。注：目的狀語從句可以用動(dòng)詞不定式來替換做目的狀語eg.We work harder than u

34、sual finish it in a week.  我們比平常加倍努力工作以在一周內(nèi)完成工作。三：主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)一致的問題。 在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，主句和從句之間的時(shí)態(tài)一致問題一般分下列兩種情況： 1. 若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，或主句中謂語動(dòng)詞是一般將來時(shí)，那么從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)。例如： Be careful when you cross the road. 過馬路時(shí)要小心。Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你們有問題要問的話，請舉手。The traffic must stop

35、 when the lights are red. 紅燈亮?xí)r，車輛必須停下。2. 若主從句謂語動(dòng)詞都是陳述過去，那么主從句都可以用一般過去時(shí)。例如： She could sing when she was four years old. 她四歲的時(shí)候就會唱歌。【語法過關(guān)】1I was drawing a horse _the teacher came in.      A. while       B. as       C.

36、 when       D. the moment2Some passengers were walking through one of the big halls at Paris' Charles De Gaulle Airport _    the whole roof(屋頂)fell down.   A. while             B. a

37、s soon as   C. when               D. after3You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, such as running and walking. A. if      B. how      C. before   &#

38、160; D. where4-Shall we go on working?-Yes, _ I prefer to have a rest.  A. when      B. if      C. because     D. though5None of us knew what had happened _  they told us about it.   A. when   &#

39、160;  B. until      C. after      D. though6-I hope youll enjoy your trip, dear!-Thank you, mum. Ill give you a call _ I get there.  A. until      B. as soon as     C. since   

40、0;  D. till7The camera is          expensive         I cant afford it.  A. so, that         B. such, that         C. so,

41、 as to         D. enough, that8I never seem to lose any weight,      hard I try.   A. even though    B. no matter how     C. as if  D. ever since9Shall we go on working? Yes ,

42、        I prefer to have a rest . Awhen     Bif     Cbecause    Dthough10Edison never gave up,         he failed many times. Aand      

43、          Bthough               Cor11The policeman asked the child         cross the street         the t

44、raffic lights turned green. Anot; when   Bdont; before   Cnot to; until12-Its time to go to bed ,Li Ming. -Mum, I have a lot of homework to do ,I wont go to bed      I finish it  A .after      B.until