外研版高一英語(yǔ)必修一語(yǔ)法

1、*必修一語(yǔ)法般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式如下:疑問(wèn)式否7E式疑問(wèn)07E式I workDo I work?I do not work.Do I not work?He(She, It)worksDoes he (she,it)work?He(She,It)does not workDoes he(she,it)not work?We workDo we work?We do not workDo we not work?You workDo you work?You do not workDo you not work?They workDo they work?They do not w

2、orkDo they not work?2 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本用法(1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常表經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)，常與always, often, usually,everyday,sometimes等表示時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，有時(shí)候時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以不表達(dá)出來(lái)。由when,while, before, after, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句亦可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常發(fā) 生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。連詞 if引導(dǎo)的條件從句有時(shí)亦可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的 動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 I go to school everyday. Where do you live ? When

3、I come across a new word I consult the English dictionary. If you speak slowly, I understand. If you speak quickly, I don 't understand.(2) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用語(yǔ)一下情況I .表示日常行為The boys wake up at seven o'clock, wash, dress quickly and run into the dining-room for breakfast. They wait until they hear the be

4、ll and then go to school.II .表示習(xí)慣、能力 He never wears a hat in winter.(習(xí)慣) Do you drive, John?(能力)III .表示客觀存在 The earth moves round the sun. Time and tide wait for no man. 歲月不等人IV .報(bào)章、雜志、書(shū)籍不強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去時(shí)間、單純表示客觀事實(shí)(即所載文字依然存在) 時(shí)，亦用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) What does the newspaper say?3 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表現(xiàn)在(1)表說(shuō)話時(shí)刻，這一時(shí)刻往往是很短暫的。有時(shí)所表示的時(shí)間并不短暫，一般

5、 現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)可與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)交替使用 What time is now? The patient is much better now. He is wearing a tall hat and carries an umbrella.(2)表完成的動(dòng)作，常表示示范性動(dòng)作，亦可表示宣布或聲明什么事，亦可用來(lái) 報(bào)道一件事，有時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作雖實(shí)際上尚未完成，但在說(shuō)話人的心理上已完成，這種一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還用在下列感嘆句中。 Now I put the sugar in the cup. Today we begin to study Lesson 8. The affair becomes

6、serious. I repeat, this is important. There goes the bell! / Here he comes!（ 3）用于無(wú)限動(dòng)詞和靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞The little boy stands on the chair.（無(wú)限動(dòng)詞。使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí)，用現(xiàn)在 進(jìn)行時(shí)則比較生動(dòng)） I wish you every success. （靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞，此處表內(nèi)心活動(dòng)）4.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表過(guò)去一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。（ 1）表示離現(xiàn)在較近的過(guò)去I come to apologize.（此處的come表示“我已經(jīng)在這里這一事實(shí)”） What win

7、d blows you here?（2）表示離現(xiàn)在較遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)去，介紹書(shū)籍和電影等情節(jié)時(shí)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，敘事文中為表生動(dòng)也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，在舞臺(tái)說(shuō)明中也用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作。 That s long, long ago. Then the man in the mask pulls a revolver out of his pocket and raises it. I happen to drop in on her once and you make such an issue of it. Gordon: It s always the way! Tears off apron, throws

8、 it on the floor, and exit right,slamming the door.（3）表示死者言行，如果死者的理論、著作仍舊存在并仍有影響的話，人隨死物猶 在時(shí)，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，當(dāng)死者（多指死后不久者）的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在直接有關(guān)時(shí) Darwin thinks that natural selection is the chief factor in the development of species. In that letter she tells why she was up there. He leaves a wife and two children.（ 4）用于間

9、接引語(yǔ)或讀例句。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，而間接引語(yǔ)是客觀事實(shí)或說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為是事實(shí)時(shí)， 間接引語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 有時(shí)在讀例句中， 謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞雖指過(guò)去，但已沒(méi)有什么時(shí)間概念，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 The doctor said that I'm a little overweight. No one is born an actor.5.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有時(shí)可用來(lái)表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。（1）表示最近的將來(lái)，說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作尚未開(kāi)始，但即將開(kāi)始。表示最近將來(lái)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常和 why don't you連用，表示請(qǐng)求或者勸告。 I m off. Why

10、don't you try the baker's shop on Wells Streets?（ 2）表示預(yù)定的行為，即將來(lái)的但已事先安排好的動(dòng)作，這種安排很固定，不容輕易改變，好像變成了事實(shí)一樣。這種一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)多用于轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞（ go ， come， arrive ， leave，start, sail等），往往后接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。這種一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用。現(xiàn)今有不少非轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也可表示計(jì)劃中的未來(lái)動(dòng)作。 這種一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也常與一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用。 Be 和 have 雖然非轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞，但其一般時(shí)也可表示將來(lái)時(shí)間，強(qiáng)調(diào)未來(lái)的事實(shí)或早已規(guī)定的事。當(dāng)我們抽象地談未來(lái)，由于時(shí)間

11、概念很弱，也可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 Tomorrow morning I leave England. You will never see me again. Today, China faces Cuba for the title while the Russians will play the Japanese for third place. Tomorrow is Sunday. Final victory is ours.(3)表示將來(lái)的從句 I 'll wait till he comes.二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式如下:疑問(wèn)式否7E式疑問(wèn)07E式I am wo

12、rkingAm I working?I am not working.Am I not working?He(She, It) Is workingIs he (she,it) working?He(She,It) is not workingIs he(she,it) not working?We are workingAre we working?We are not workingAre we not working?You are workingAre you working?You are not workingAre you not working?They are working

13、Are they working?They are not workingAre they not working?2 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法(1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法是表現(xiàn)在(說(shuō)話人的說(shuō)話時(shí)刻)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，可在 now,at present, at this moment, these days等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，也可不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。有時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)所表的動(dòng)作并不一定在說(shuō)話人的說(shuō)話適可進(jìn)行，而是在包括說(shuō)話時(shí)間在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間當(dāng)中進(jìn)行?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可用來(lái)與過(guò)去對(duì)比。 What are you doing now? George is translating a book now. He is sp

14、eaking English much more fluently than he used to.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表現(xiàn)在時(shí)還有以下一些情況A.表重復(fù)。少數(shù)瞬間動(dòng)詞表不斷重復(fù)的動(dòng)作 (jump,knock,kick,hit,nod,tap,wink,cough,shoot,drop 等) The boy is jumping with joy.B.表目前情況We usually have breakfast at 7, but during the holidays we 're having it at 8.C.用于描寫(xiě)I am missing you dreadfully 。D.用于闡釋

15、或歸納 When I say that, I'm thinking of the students.E.與狀語(yǔ)連用 I am only jokingF.用于從句 We are suffering while they are expandingG無(wú)限動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，顯得生動(dòng) There's a lady in the picture.She's lying in a couch.H.靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) You are not being polite.(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)除表現(xiàn)在外，還可以表將來(lái)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)常有“意圖”、“安排”(但 不是固定

16、不變的)或“打算”的含義。這種現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)比較生動(dòng)，給人一種期待感。它 表示最近或較近的將來(lái)，所用動(dòng)詞多為轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞 I'm going.(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表過(guò)去現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)在時(shí)間上橫跨著過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)，所以它不但可以表現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)，也可以表里現(xiàn)在較近的過(guò)去。 What are you talking about?(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表經(jīng)常有時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)并不表具體時(shí)間，而是泛指一切時(shí)間。 這種現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)標(biāo)記生動(dòng)，也比較口語(yǔ)化。表客觀事實(shí)的句子用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也是為了生動(dòng)，往往和表經(jīng)常的副詞一起連用。CD Whenever I see him, he's reading. The river i

17、s constantly flowing into the sea.三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式如下:目7£工1疑問(wèn)式否7E式疑問(wèn)07E式I have workedHave I worked?I have not worked.Have I not worked?He(She, It) has workedHas he (she,it) worked?He(She,It) has not workedHas he(she,it) not worked?We have workedHave we worked?We have not workedHave we not wor

18、ked?You have workedHave you worked?You have not workedHave you not worked?They have workedHave they worked?They have not workedHave they not worked?3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本用法(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)跨在兩個(gè)時(shí)間之上，一是過(guò)去，一是現(xiàn)在。它的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但 對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響(或結(jié)果)，而這種影響(或結(jié)果)卻往往是說(shuō)話人的興趣所在，所以常常后 面不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作離說(shuō)話人的時(shí)刻可近可遠(yuǎn)。表示近距離的， 表示遠(yuǎn)距離的 The car has a

19、rrived. He has travelled over many lands.有時(shí)可以連用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)去完成一個(gè)以上相互緊接的動(dòng)作 They have gone to the moon and come back t earth again.注意 have been 和 have gone的意思不同 I have been to the library. He has gone to the library.和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也可以用于死者。也有兩種情況：一種是死者剛死不久， 生者覺(jué)得他還像在人間。另一個(gè)情況是說(shuō)名人。他們雖已死去，但其言行對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有時(shí)帶有感情色彩

20、。在口語(yǔ)中，往往用“ have gone(或been) and+過(guò)去分 詞”的形式。 It's a beautiful place. Your papa has told me about it. He loved it very much. Shakespeare has written most of the best plays we know. What have you done! You've gone and broken my fan.(2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示持續(xù)和重復(fù)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用來(lái)表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)，也用來(lái)表示過(guò)去重復(fù)的動(dòng)作i.用預(yù)先動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示持續(xù)，表持續(xù)動(dòng)

21、作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞多是無(wú)限動(dòng)詞 (live,study,teach,be,wait等)，常和since (自從)或for (經(jīng)歷)引動(dòng)的詞語(yǔ)連用，在一般情況下，這種一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)今后還會(huì)延續(xù)下去，也可能不再延續(xù)。非無(wú)限動(dòng)詞一般 不可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表持續(xù)性， 但非無(wú)限動(dòng)詞在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中可以使用完成時(shí)， 因?yàn)?“否定” 本身是可以延續(xù)的。 I have lived here for more than 30 years. Have you waited long? / These shoes are worn out. They have lasted a long time. I haven t bough

22、t anything for three months.ii. 也可用有限動(dòng)詞表示持續(xù)。在當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)里，有些有限動(dòng)詞已經(jīng)沖破了上述規(guī)則，在某種情況下也可以與 since和for一道的詞語(yǔ)連用表“持續(xù)性”，但要注意介詞for有時(shí)并不表示“經(jīng)歷”而是表“目的” The two leaders have met for two hours. I ve come only for a few moments.iii. 表過(guò)去重復(fù)的動(dòng)作。 這種現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與always,often,many times,every day 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。還常與含有另一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的when從句連用，表示過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 My

23、 father has always gone to work by bike. I have often met him when I have been in London.（ 3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)i. 同一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也可以在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里表示將啦 We are going after we've had breakfast.ii. 有時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可從屬于一般將來(lái)時(shí)，用在賓語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái) If he asks for me, tel him I have left for Paris.iii. 有時(shí)可以替代將來(lái)完成時(shí)，以強(qiáng)調(diào)一種自然的或必然的結(jié)果 There is

24、 but one more question, then I have done. （問(wèn)完了）（ 4）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與其他詞語(yǔ)連用A. 與賓語(yǔ)從句連用，后接的賓語(yǔ)從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài) Have you found out how wide the ditch was?B.與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以他可以和包括“現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻” 在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如 now,today,this week, this month,this year,always,often 等?，F(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)一般不可和具體地飚過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如 just now, a minute ago 連用，但可與 just,rece

25、ntly, of late, before,never,always,often,already,in the past 等籠統(tǒng)地表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀 語(yǔ)連用。 The rain has stopped now. He s just gone.C.與since連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表持續(xù)時(shí)可與since需哦為借此與連詞引導(dǎo)的詞語(yǔ)（即短語(yǔ)與從句）連用。Since做副詞用時(shí) 也可以與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。另外，since從句雖長(zhǎng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但有時(shí)也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)， since 的意思是“在.期間”或“自期間”的開(kāi)頭，但其后的動(dòng)詞必須是無(wú)限動(dòng)詞，有持續(xù)性。但 since從句的現(xiàn)在 完成時(shí)也可與一些

26、非無(wú)限動(dòng)詞連用，這時(shí)，它與一般過(guò)去時(shí)沒(méi)什么多大的區(qū)別。 Nothing has happened since. I have met him often since I have lived here. It s a long time since I ve seen you.D.與介詞短語(yǔ)連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除可和介詞for （經(jīng)歷）和since （自從）引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)連用外，還可和 before, after, during , from , in等借此引導(dǎo)的借此短語(yǔ)連用?，F(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)也可后接內(nèi)含一般過(guò)去時(shí)的when （或while ）從句。 He has usually finished a

27、ll his correspondence before bed time. I haven t studied English when I was at school.E.與 long ago 連用。 She's gone long ago.F.與疑問(wèn)副詞連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和how,why及where等疑問(wèn)副詞連用。也可以與疑問(wèn)副詞 when連用，但往往有反問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣。How have you done it?（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果.如用一般過(guò)去時(shí)則問(wèn)方式） When have I ever been accustomed to be treated like this? 我什么時(shí)候吃過(guò)這套G與

28、其他時(shí)態(tài)連用。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用。從時(shí)間先后看，共有三種情況：即現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表的動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）發(fā)生（或存在）于過(guò)去一般時(shí)所表的動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）之后、之前或同時(shí)。 My friend gave it to me, and I have since kept it in the drawer.（之后） Professor Lin left yesterday for America where a lecture-tour has been arranged for him.（之前） I have climbed that hill many a time when I was young

29、. （同時(shí)）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?？捎脕?lái)引導(dǎo)一般過(guò)去時(shí) I have seen the film. I saw it last week.有時(shí)這兩種時(shí)態(tài)形成一種對(duì)照 She has made several attempts to get way, but we succeeded in persuading her to stay.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也常和其他現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)連用 We're tired. It's been a long day.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也常和另一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用 Why! He has only just gone. What has brought him back soon?H

30、.用于時(shí)間和原因狀語(yǔ)從句?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，也可用在when, before,after, until , as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中。這種從句中的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)較之于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，常強(qiáng)調(diào)下列三種情況：a.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成或結(jié)果 When he has finished his letters, he usually takes them to the post himself.b.強(qiáng)調(diào)從句的動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作不緊相連接，二者之間有時(shí)隔 They often play chess after they have had supper.c.強(qiáng)調(diào)無(wú)限動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作已完成。 When I

31、 have studied a book I write a report n it.I.用于間接引語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也可以用在過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)之后的間接引語(yǔ)中，表示說(shuō)話人 相信間接引語(yǔ)的真實(shí)性。 I heard you have been ill.四、一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式如下：目7£工1疑問(wèn)式否7E式疑問(wèn)07E式I workedDid I work?I did not work.Did I not work?He(She, It)workedDid he (she,it)work?He(She,It)did not workDid he(she,it)not work?We wo

32、rkedDid we work?We did not workDid we not work?You workedDid you work?You did not workDid you not work?They workDo they work?They do not workDo they not work?4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法（1） 一般過(guò)去時(shí)常表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)常和表示過(guò)去的狀語(yǔ)連用，如 a minute ago,yesterday,last week,in 1900,during the night, in those days等。用一般過(guò)去時(shí)

33、的時(shí)候，要說(shuō)“過(guò)多少時(shí)間之后” ，一般用after ，不用in 。 Tom suddenly fell ill yesterday.（2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)亦可與today， this week， this month ， this year 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。但這些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)須指過(guò)去，絕不包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)。 Did you see him today?（3）一般過(guò)去時(shí)雖不可與now 連用，但卻可與just now 連用 He went out just now.（ 4）一般過(guò)去時(shí)表過(guò)去時(shí)還有一下情況：a.用于since從句。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其后接的since引導(dǎo)的從句一般須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，如果

34、since從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是無(wú)限動(dòng)詞或者靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則一般仍表動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的結(jié)束，并無(wú)持續(xù)性。 You haven t changed much since we last met. It s a long time since I lived here.b.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可省略。一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常要與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但以下情況可 以省略。 從上下文可以清楚地看出時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)， 前文如有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)引導(dǎo)時(shí)， 和現(xiàn) 在時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)比時(shí)，有表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣的used to時(shí)。 Did you sleep well? Have you measured how wide the window was? He is no

35、longer the man he was. I used to play football in the street.c.所表示的動(dòng)作多已完成，但靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)所表示的狀態(tài)當(dāng)然一半未完成，但在一般情況下，無(wú)限動(dòng)詞仍表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作。 I wrote a composition yesterday. Why were you absent from school yesterday? I sat in the chair and my cat sat on the rug.d.可表示死者的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)。在英語(yǔ)中，說(shuō)到死去的人時(shí)，一般借用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。 -Who is the man in th

36、e picture?-He was my father.e.有時(shí)有感情色彩 You asked for it! 你是自找的5.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去的將來(lái)（ 1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)有時(shí)形式上為過(guò)去，實(shí)際上指現(xiàn)在。用過(guò)去形式乃是根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則。 I didn't know you were here.（ 2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)還可以用來(lái)表示未完客氣，也指現(xiàn)在。 Did you wish to see me?（ 3）一般過(guò)去時(shí)有時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的事 In the years to come, it will be a great thing for a man to say that I died

37、here like a hero.（ 4）一般過(guò)去時(shí)也可以表示過(guò)去的將來(lái)發(fā)生的事。 They had to leave early ad they started work the next day.6.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去（ 1）表“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”時(shí)，如果不是強(qiáng)調(diào)先后、因果等關(guān)系，?？捎靡话氵^(guò)去時(shí)。這種一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用于從句中。 The boy said he was sorry for what he did.(2)英語(yǔ)里“過(guò)去的過(guò)去的過(guò)去”也有可能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示 I was told that she had lived here since her husband died.(3)

38、一般過(guò)去時(shí)也可用于倒敘在過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生的時(shí)間。這種一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與時(shí)間狀 語(yǔ)連用。 Fang Fang came to the Beijing Zoo in 1972 after spending 6 years in the bamboo forests of Baoxing County, Sichuan Province. One day in spring, she fell into a trap and was dragged to a nearby village. After a few days she was caged and escorted to Beijing by

39、train.(4)在不會(huì)引起誤會(huì)的情況下，一般過(guò)去時(shí)在無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的情況下也可以用于倒敘 Bessie died. She had a quarrel with her mother and she went alone to HongKong.(5)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般趙忠倒敘相繼發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或時(shí)間以及已結(jié)束了的狀態(tài)。而一般過(guò) 去時(shí)則常用于倒敘存在而尚未結(jié)束的狀態(tài)或事實(shí)。(6) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)講的原話變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)可以不變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)，仍用一般過(guò) 去時(shí)。 After that, she told me, the hotel went from Class C to much worse.7.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的從屬關(guān)系有時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)是由所屬關(guān)系決定的。它可以屬于現(xiàn)在、將來(lái)、過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。(1)從屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài) When the ball goes out of bounds, the referee decides which player touched it last.(2)從屬于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài) After a good many years you will look back on these early piec