雅思考試閱讀判斷題答題要點(diǎn)解析

1、雅思考試閱讀判斷題答題要點(diǎn)解析一、寫法在雅思閱讀考試中，是非無判斷題答案寫法有兩種表達(dá)：1. TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN; 2. YES / NO / NOT GIVEN. 在這里，提醒各位考生，具體寫第一種還是寫第二種得根據(jù)題目的要求來，而不能根據(jù)自己的習(xí)慣隨意寫一個(gè)。另外，在寫答案的時(shí)候不能只寫首字母T或者Y, 而要TRUE或者YES每個(gè)字母都全部寫出來。筆者推薦按照題目要求的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式每個(gè)字母都大寫，因?yàn)檫@樣最為保險(xiǎn)，讓考官?zèng)]有理由因?yàn)閷懛ǘ劭忌鷤兊姆謹(jǐn)?shù)!二、做法根據(jù)專家對(duì)歷年雅思閱讀考試的分析，是非無判斷題多以順序形式出現(xiàn)。所以，在做法上基本上從以下幾個(gè)步驟著手：

2、1. 觀察寫法這個(gè)也就是上文第一部分我提過的，在下筆寫之前觀察應(yīng)該怎么寫答案，是寫TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN還是YES / NO / NOT GIVEN。還有，記住，千萬別拼錯(cuò)了!是T-R-U-E不是T-U-R-E, 是F-A-L-S-E不是F-L-A-S-E, 是N-O-T G-I-V-E-N不是N-O G-I-V-E-N!(這個(gè)之前在上課時(shí)好幾個(gè)學(xué)生總是寫錯(cuò)，所以在此叨叨一下!)2. 讀懂題干，并劃定位詞和考點(diǎn)詞做每種題型，都必須先理解題目，因?yàn)橹挥凶x懂了題目本身，才能知道題目要什么，才有可能找到正解。至于劃定位詞和考點(diǎn)詞，則是為了下一個(gè)步驟做準(zhǔn)備。3. 回原文對(duì)應(yīng)，

3、重點(diǎn)關(guān)注考點(diǎn)詞的比對(duì)利用我們所劃的定位詞，去原文找到對(duì)應(yīng)的信息并理解，然后認(rèn)真比對(duì)題目中的考點(diǎn)與原文的內(nèi)容，得出答案。至此，是非無判斷題的三個(gè)做題步驟全部出爐!定位詞是幫忙探路的“導(dǎo)航”(即幫我們找到題目在文中的出處)，而考點(diǎn)詞則是決定方向的“主人”(答案最終花落誰家，決定權(quán)在考點(diǎn)詞手中)。由于作用不同，一般建議大家定位詞找不容易變化的大寫、數(shù)字及名詞，而考點(diǎn)詞則要關(guān)注變幻莫測(cè)的動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞，筆者將其中易錯(cuò)的考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行細(xì)化，具體類別請(qǐng)看下文：三、考點(diǎn)的分類1. 否定詞、消極詞真題還原：Cambridge 8 Test 1 Passage 2 Question 24原題摘錄：Class F

4、airspace is airspace which is below 365m and not near airports.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：E In general, from 365m above the ground and higher, the entire country is blanketed by controlled airspace. In certain areas,mainly near airports, controlled airspace extends down to 215m above the ground, and in the immediate vici

5、nity of an airport, all the way down to the surface.G Uncontrolled airspace is designated Class F答案：TRUE解析：本題主要考查的是Class F airspace的范圍，利用定位詞Class F和below 365m回原文對(duì)應(yīng)，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)信息跨越兩個(gè)段落，因而有些難。兩段分別告訴我們不同的信息：G段告訴我們Class F是非管制區(qū)，而E段則告訴我們控制區(qū)在365m以上，離機(jī)場(chǎng)近的地方都是。因而可以反推出Class F在365m以下且離機(jī)場(chǎng)不近。本題中below 365m和not near airpo

6、rts既算定位詞又算考點(diǎn)詞，其中below和not都算否定或消極類的詞匯。遇及此類考點(diǎn)詞，一定要注意與原文進(jìn)行對(duì)比。2. 時(shí)間、順序真題還原1：Cambridge 8 Test 1 Passage 2 Question 22原題摘錄：Beacons and flashing lights are still used by ATC today.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：As early as the 1920s, the earliest air traffic controllers manually guided aircraft in the vicinity of the airports, usin

7、g lights and flags, while beacons and flashing lights were placed along cross-country routes to establish the earliest airways.答案：NOT GIVEN解析：本題主要考查的是如今是否還在使用beacons and flashing lights作為空中航行的指引。題目中的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和時(shí)間today尤為重要。在文中只是說過去有用到這些設(shè)備，卻并未提到如今是否有用。二者并無交集，算不上矛盾，故答案為NOT GIVEN。這就好比說，過去的他很帥，難道如今他就一定還帥又或者一定

8、不帥了嗎?不一定吧?在劍橋真題中關(guān)于時(shí)間方面的考查當(dāng)真不少，值得引起重視。真題還原2：Cambridge 9 Test 1 Passage 1 Question 1原題摘錄：Michael Faraday was the first person to recognize Perkins ability as a student of chemistry.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a se

9、ries of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution.答案：FALSE解析：本題主要考查的是Michael Faraday是否是第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)Perkin在化學(xué)方面的能力的人?題中的first這個(gè)詞很重要，原文中明確表明是他的老師Thomas Hall發(fā)現(xiàn)他的才能并鼓勵(lì)他去參加著名科學(xué)家Michael Faraday的系列演講。所以張冠李戴，自然不合適，答案為FALSE。3. 比較級(jí)真題還原1：Cambridge 8 Test 2 Passage 1 Question 13原

10、題摘錄：Computers are better than humans at detecting faults in glass.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：Automated on-line inspection does two things. Inspection technology allows more than 100 million measurements a second to be made across the ribbon, locating flaws the unaided eye would be unable to see.答案：TRUE解析：這道題比較難。主要是定位難：題目

11、中的定位詞computers被替換成了automated on-line inspection, humans也為unaided eye所取代，較多同學(xué)反應(yīng)不過來。其中的考點(diǎn)詞better也沒有那么直接說明，是通過說電腦可以檢測(cè)肉眼看不見的錯(cuò)誤來體現(xiàn)的。真題還原2：Cambridge 4 Test 4 Passage 3 Question 3原題摘錄：Performance has improved most greatly in events requiring an intensive burst of energy.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：For the so-called power events

12、that require a relatively brief, explosive release of energy, like the 100-metre sprint and the long jump times and distances have improved ten to twenty per cent. In the endurance events the results have been more dramatic.答案：FALSE解析：這道題比較容易錯(cuò)。大部分同學(xué)都能找到原文，只不過根據(jù)定位詞，大家只會(huì)看For the so-called的那一句話而已，看到該項(xiàng)目

13、提高了10%-20%, 就以為沒有比較答案選擇NOT GIVEN?？墒聦?shí)是在緊接著的后一句話，馬上亮出了另一個(gè)項(xiàng)目耐力項(xiàng)目中，結(jié)果改善得更多。畫風(fēng)突變，答案驟然變?yōu)镕ALSE。提醒各位考生，以后凡是判斷題中涉及到比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)的題目，回原文對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)候，切莫只看定位詞所在的這句話而已，一定要前后稍微瀏覽一下，以防如上陷阱。4. 因果關(guān)系真題還原：Cambridge 8 Test 1 Passage 2 Question 20原題摘錄：The FAA was created as a result of the introduction of thejet engine.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：An accid

14、ent that occurred in the skies over the Grand Canyon in 1956 resulted in the establishment of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to regulate and oversee the operation of aircraft in the skies over the United States, which were becoming quite congested.答案：FALSE解析：本題主要考查的是The FAA為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)?定位詞一目了然：

15、大寫的FAA, 名詞jet engine。出現(xiàn)的原因則成為了焦點(diǎn)。利用定位詞，很快找到上述原文，雖然沒有出現(xiàn)jet engine, 卻找到因果詞組resulted in, 講明了The FAA的誕生是因?yàn)?956年的空難。簡(jiǎn)化之，即原文為：A的原因是B, 題目卻說A的原因是C。有部分同學(xué)喜歡選擇NOT GIVEN, 認(rèn)為jet engine沒有提到。的確，jet engine在這里并未提到，但是考點(diǎn)明顯是The FAA被創(chuàng)造的原因，而原文中的因果對(duì)應(yīng)已經(jīng)相當(dāng)清楚了，又怎么能說是NOT GIVEN呢?5. 主客觀真題還原：Cambridge 9 Test 1 Passage 1 Question

16、 2原題摘錄：Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enroll in the Royal College of Chemistry.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution. T

17、hose speeches fired the young chemists enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15.答案：NOT GIVEN解析：本題主要考查的是Michael Faraday是否有建議Perkin去The Royal College of Chemistry上學(xué)。原文說的意思是，Perkin的老師Thomas Hall鼓勵(lì)他去聽Micha

18、el Faraday的演講，正是這些演講進(jìn)一步激發(fā)了Perkin對(duì)化學(xué)的熱情，使得他后來去The Royal College of Chemistry上學(xué)。也就是說，根據(jù)原文的意思，我們只知道兩個(gè)事實(shí)：Perkin去聽了Michael的演講;最終也進(jìn)入The Royal College of Chemistry學(xué)習(xí)?？墒俏覀儏s并不知道Michael Faraday是否有建議Perkin去該校上學(xué)，雖然確實(shí)是他的演講鼓舞了Perkin。既然原文找不到證據(jù)證明或者反駁題目的內(nèi)容，那我們不選擇NOT GIVEN, 又能選擇什么呢?6. 限定詞真題還原：Cambridge 8 Test 1 Passa

19、ge 2 Question 25原題摘錄：All aircraft in Class E airspace must use IFR.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：The difference between Class E and A airspace is that in Class A, all operations are IFR, and pilots must be instrument-rated, that is , skilled and licensed in aircraft instrumentation.答案：FALSE解析：本題主要考查的是是否Class E的所有飛機(jī)都必須用IFR?找

20、到原文對(duì)應(yīng)的句子，all這個(gè)限定詞原原本本出現(xiàn)，談到了Class E和Class A的差別就在于Class A所有的操作都用IFR。言下之意就是Class E沒有全用IFR。這樣一來答案就太明顯了。7. 目的真題還原：Cambridge 10 Test 1 Passage 2 Question 23原題摘錄：To reduce production costs, some industries have beenmoved closer to their relevant consumers.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：This phenomenon has been emphasized by the rel

21、ocation of some industries, particularly those which are labour intensive, to reduce production costs, even though the production site is hundreds oreven thousands of kilometers away from the final assembly plant or away from users.答案：FALSE解析：本題有兩個(gè)考點(diǎn)：目的和比較級(jí)。強(qiáng)調(diào)目的的話，考的是：工業(yè)區(qū)離顧客越來越近，是為了降低生產(chǎn)成本嗎?倘若重點(diǎn)考查比較級(jí)

22、，則句意側(cè)重點(diǎn)為：為了降低生產(chǎn)成本，工廠是搬得離消費(fèi)者更近了還是更遠(yuǎn)了?所以，題目中所標(biāo)注的兩組紅色字體既是定位詞又是考點(diǎn)詞，找到原文，發(fā)現(xiàn)考查的中心是放在比較級(jí)，而不是目的。原文說的是“為了降低生產(chǎn)成本，強(qiáng)調(diào)搬遷到勞動(dòng)力密集的地方，就算離消費(fèi)者千里萬里?！边@與題目中的move closer是不是相反呢?故答案選擇FALSE。8. 條件真題還原：Cambridge 10 Test 1 Passage 3 Question 38原題摘錄：Teams work best when their members are of equally matched intelligence.原文疑似對(duì)應(yīng)：Th

23、e value fit matters， says Cialdini, because innovation is, in part, a process of change, and under that pressure we, as a species, behave differently, When things change, we are hard-wired to play it safe.答案：NOT GIVEN解析：本題涉及到一個(gè)條件，當(dāng)團(tuán)隊(duì)里的成員智商對(duì)等時(shí)，團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)營(yíng)將達(dá)到最佳。但原文并未涉及到intelligence, 只是提到團(tuán)隊(duì)工作的狀態(tài)與成員的價(jià)值觀是否一致有關(guān)系

24、等等。所以答案直接就是NOT GIVEN。判斷題要想做好，除了基本的理解能力、定位能力之外，還需要對(duì)上述的幾類考點(diǎn)做到熟悉、敏感才行。在此，朗閣海外考試研究中心的專家提醒大家，以上所列舉的考點(diǎn)中，前六類出現(xiàn)最為頻繁，需要大家特別注意積累和訓(xùn)練。四、“非”與“無”怎么分?做判斷題時(shí)，很多考生比較懼怕FALSE和NOT GIVEN, 因?yàn)檫@兩種總是很難分清楚。其實(shí)，大家看看判斷題的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)：TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN (或者YES / NO / NOT GIVEN )，不知道大家發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有?GIVEN才是NOT GIVEN的對(duì)立面，而設(shè)題者卻把選項(xiàng)分為TRUE / FALSE

25、(或者YES / NO) / NOT GIVEN, 這樣我們是不是可以理解為GIVEN包含TRUE / FALSE (或者YES / NO)，也就是說，不管選擇TRUE (YES)還是FALSE (NO), 原文總歸是要給出信息的。倘若與原文信息類似，則為TRUE (YES); 倘若與原文有出入，則為FALSE (NO)。二者均可在文中找到證據(jù)來證明。而選NOT GIVEN的.意思就是說原文并沒有非常準(zhǔn)確的信息來證明或者反駁題目中的內(nèi)容了。比如：真題還原1：Cambridge 9 Test 2 Passage 3 Question 33原題摘錄：Iconoclasts are unusuall

26、y receptive to new experiences.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：Successful iconoclasts have an extraordinary willingness to be exposed to what is fresh and different.答案：YES解析：本題題目的意思是Iconoclasts, 即打破舊習(xí)者特別能接受新的經(jīng)歷。原文extraordinary willingness完美同義轉(zhuǎn)換了題目中的unusually receptive, what is fresh and different與題目中的new experiences是不是也是如出一轍呢

27、?題目中所有的點(diǎn)在文中都能找到對(duì)應(yīng)，試問答案怎么能不是YES呢?真題還原2：Cambridge 9 Test 2 Passage 3 Question 34原題摘錄：Most people are too shy to try different things.原文對(duì)應(yīng)：Observations of iconoclasts shows that they embrace novelty while most people avoid things that are different.答案：NOT GIVEN解析：本題題目有三個(gè)點(diǎn)，如上標(biāo)識(shí)：大多數(shù)人、太害羞、不能嘗試不同的東西。找到原文，發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有?只有兩個(gè)點(diǎn)：大多數(shù)人、避免不同的東西。那么太害羞體現(xiàn)在哪里了呢?沒提到吧?也就是說原文只告訴我們一個(gè)