《面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)》編程題復(fù)習(xí)及其答案

1、面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)復(fù)習(xí)題1、(C+的輸入輸出)天貓優(yōu)惠券，我就要券定義一個(gè)函數(shù)max,實(shí)現(xiàn)輸入兩個(gè)數(shù)a、b,比較并從小到大輸出。2、(函數(shù)的重載)(1)定義一個(gè)帶兩個(gè)參數(shù)的函數(shù)max,輸出最大值。(2)再定義一個(gè)帶三個(gè)參數(shù)的函數(shù)max,輸出最大值。(3)主函數(shù)測(cè)試之。3、(有默認(rèn)參數(shù)的函數(shù))將題2用帶默認(rèn)參數(shù)的函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)。4、(變量的引用)(1)定義一個(gè)swapl函數(shù)，以普通形參傳入兩個(gè)變量a、b,互換a、b的值。(2)定義一個(gè)swap2函數(shù)，以指針形參傳入兩個(gè)變量a、b,互換a、b的值。(3)定義一個(gè)swap3函數(shù)，以引用形參輸入兩個(gè)變量a、b,互換a、b的值。(4)主函數(shù)定義兩個(gè)變量x、y傳入

2、三個(gè)函數(shù)，觀察x、y值前后的變化。5、(類的定義)定義一個(gè)student類，數(shù)據(jù)成員包括：學(xué)號(hào)num,姓名name,年齡age,性別sex,成員函數(shù)包括：(1) set函數(shù)，鍵盤輸入學(xué)號(hào)，姓名，年齡，性別(2) display函數(shù)，輸出學(xué)生信息。6、(構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù))定義一個(gè)student類，數(shù)據(jù)成員包括：學(xué)號(hào)num,姓名name,年齡age,性別sex,成員函數(shù)包括：(1)構(gòu)造函數(shù)，初始化學(xué)號(hào)，姓名，年齡，性別(2)display函數(shù)，輸出學(xué)生信息。(3)析構(gòu)函數(shù)，輸出學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào)。(4)主函數(shù)定義多個(gè)對(duì)象，并注意構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)的調(diào)用順序。7、(構(gòu)造函數(shù)的重載)在題6基礎(chǔ)上增加一個(gè)默認(rèn)構(gòu)

3、造函數(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)構(gòu)造函數(shù)的重載8、將題6用帶默認(rèn)參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)。9、(對(duì)象數(shù)組和對(duì)象的動(dòng)態(tài)建立及釋放)在題8基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)如下主函數(shù)：(1)在主函數(shù)中定義一個(gè)包含三個(gè)學(xué)生的數(shù)組，并初始化之。(2)在主函數(shù)中定義一個(gè)student類指針p并用new運(yùn)算符分配動(dòng)態(tài)內(nèi)存(3)用delete刪除p指向的動(dòng)態(tài)內(nèi)存。(4)觀察構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)的調(diào)用。10、(復(fù)制構(gòu)造函數(shù))在題8基礎(chǔ)上新增加一個(gè)復(fù)制構(gòu)造函數(shù)，并主函數(shù)新增復(fù)制構(gòu)造對(duì)象。11、(靜態(tài)成員)定義一個(gè)student類，數(shù)據(jù)成員包括：學(xué)號(hào)num,姓名name,成績(jī)score,累加總分sum,累計(jì)人數(shù)count。成員函數(shù)包括：構(gòu)造函數(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)人數(shù)count

4、；(1)非靜態(tài)成員total函數(shù)，求sum。(2)靜態(tài)成員average函數(shù)，求平均成績(jī)。(3)主函數(shù)定義包含3個(gè)學(xué)生的數(shù)組，求三個(gè)學(xué)生的平均成績(jī)。12、（友元函數(shù)）定義一個(gè)Time類，私有數(shù)據(jù)成員包括：時(shí)hour、分minute、秒second成員函數(shù)：構(gòu)造函數(shù)Time（）定義一個(gè)友元函數(shù)display,使之訪問(wèn)私有成員輸出時(shí)分秒。13、（運(yùn)算符重載）（1）定義一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)類，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)“+”，>>,<<的重載，使之可實(shí)現(xiàn)以下主函數(shù)。intmain（）Complexa（3,4）,b（1,2）,c,d,e,f;c=a+b;d=a+5;e=3+b;cin>>f;cou

5、t<<f<<endl;return0;（2）定義一個(gè)Time類，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)“+”的前綴、后綴重載。P134i+:單目運(yùn)算符天貓優(yōu)惠券，我就要券14、（單繼承及派生類構(gòu)造函數(shù)）（1）定義一個(gè)person類，數(shù)據(jù)成員包括：姓名name年齡age,性別sex成員函數(shù)：構(gòu)造函數(shù)及display函數(shù)（2）定義一個(gè)派生類student,公有28承與person類，新增成員：專業(yè)major,入學(xué)日期enterdate（Date類自定義）。（3）主函數(shù)定義student對(duì)象，各類構(gòu)造函數(shù)的調(diào)用順序。15、（多繼承）在14題基礎(chǔ)上由person類再派生出teacher類，新增成員：職稱tit

6、le,工資wage16、（虛繼承）由student類和teacher類共同派生出graduate類，新增成員:年級(jí)grade,將person類定義成虛基類，實(shí)現(xiàn)用虛繼承解決二義性。17、（抽象類及多態(tài)性）定義一個(gè)抽象基類Shape,由它派生出5個(gè)派生類，Circle（圓形）、Square（正方形）、Rectangle（矩形）、Trapezoid（梯形）、Triangel（三角形）。用虛函數(shù)分別計(jì)算幾何圖形面積，并求他們的和。要求定義一個(gè)基類指針，使它指向每一個(gè)派生類對(duì)象，體現(xiàn)其多態(tài)性。1、#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidmax（）in

7、ta,b;cout<<”請(qǐng)輸入兩個(gè)數(shù)："<<endl;cin>>a>>b;if（a>b）cout<<b<<""<<a<<endl;elsecout<<a<<""<<b<<endl;intmain()max();return0;2、#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidmax(inta,intb)if(a>b)cout<<a&l

8、t;<endl;elsecout<<b<<endl;voidmax(inta,intb,intc)if(a>b&&a>c)cout<<a<<endl;elseif(b>c)cout<<b<<endl;elsecout<<c<<endl;intmain()max(2,5);max(7,5,3);return0;3、#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidmax(inta,intb,intc=0)if(a>

9、b&&a>c)cout<<a<<endl;elseif(b>c)cout<<b<<endl;elsecout<<c<<endl;)intmain()(max(2,5);max(7,5,3);return0;)4、#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidswap1(inta,intb)(inttemp;temp=a;a=b;b=temp;)voidswap2(int*a,int*b)(inttemp;temp=*a;*a=*b;*b=temp;)

10、voidswap3(int&a,int&b)(inttemp;temp=a;a=b;b=temp;)intmain()(intx,y;x=5;y=7;swap1(x,y);cout<<"x="<<x<<"y="<<y<<endl;x=5;y=7;swap2(&x,&y);cout<<"x="<<x<<"y="<<y<<endl;x=5;y=7;swap3(x,y);

11、cout<<"x="<<x<<"y="<<y<<endl;return0;5、#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classstudentprivate:intnum;stringname;intage;charsex;public:voidset()cout<<"請(qǐng)輸入：學(xué)號(hào)，姓名，年齡，性別(form)"<<endl;cin>>num>&g

12、t;name>>age>>sex;voiddisplay()cout<<“學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<“年齡："<<age<<endl;cout<<"性另U:"<<sex<<endl;intmain()students;s.set();s.display();return0;6、#include<io

13、stream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classstudentprivate:intnum;stringname;intage;charsex;public:/*voidset()cout<<"請(qǐng)輸入：學(xué)號(hào)，姓名，年齡，性別(form)"<<endl;cin>>num>>name>>age>>sex;*/student(intnum,stringname,inta,ints)cout<<"調(diào)用構(gòu)造函數(shù)num="

14、<<num<<endl;this->num=num;this->name=name;age=a;sex=s;天貓優(yōu)惠券，我就要券voiddisplay。cout<<"學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<"年齡："<<age<<endl;cout<<"性另U:"<<sex<<endl;

15、student()cout<<”析構(gòu)函數(shù)學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;intmain()students(1001，張三”,25,'f),s1(1002,"李四",24,'m');/s.set();s.display();s1.display();return0;7、#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classstudent(private:intnum;stringname;intage;charsex;pu

16、blic:/*voidset()(cout<<"請(qǐng)輸入：學(xué)號(hào)，姓名，年齡，性別(form)"<<endl;cin>>num>>name>>age>>sex;*/student()(cout<<”調(diào)用構(gòu)造函數(shù)num="<<0<<endl;num=0;name=""age=18;sex='f;student(intnum,stringname,inta,ints)(cout<<"調(diào)用構(gòu)造函數(shù)num="&

17、lt;<num<<endl;this->num=num;this->name=name;age=a;sex=s;voiddisplay()(cout<<"學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<"年齡："<<age<<endl;cout<<"性另U:"<<sex<<endl;student()

18、(cout<<”析構(gòu)函數(shù)學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;intmain()students(1001，張三",25,'f),s1(1002,"李四",24,'m'),s2;/s.set();s.display();cout<<endl;s1.display();cout<<endl;s2.display();cout<<endl;return0;8、#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnames

19、pacestd;天貓優(yōu)惠券，我就要券classstudentprivate:intnum;stringname;intage;charsex;public:student(intnum=0,stringname="",inta=18,ints='f)cout<<”調(diào)用構(gòu)造函數(shù)num="<<num<<endl;this->num=num;this->name=name;age=a;sex=s;voiddisplay()cout<<"學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<e

20、ndl;cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<“年齡："<<age<<endl;cout<<"性另U:"<<sex<<endl;student()cout<<"天貓優(yōu)惠券，我就要券學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;；intmain()students(1001，張三”,25,'f),s1(1002,"李四",24,'m'

21、),s2;/s.set();s.display();cout<<endl;s1.display();cout<<endl;s2.display();cout<<endl;return0;9、#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classstudentprivate:intnum;stringname;intage;charsex;public:student(intnum=0,stringname="",inta=18,ints='f)co

22、ut<<"調(diào)用構(gòu)造函數(shù)num="<<num<<endl;this->num=num;this->name=name;age=a;sex=s;voiddisplay()cout<<"學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<"年齡："<<age<<endl;cout<<"性另U:"&

23、lt;<sex<<endl;student()cout<<”析構(gòu)函數(shù)學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;；intmain()students3=student(1001，"張三",25,'f),student(1002,"李四",24,'m');for(inti=0;i<3;i+)天貓優(yōu)惠券，我就要券si.display();cout<<endl;student*p;p=newstudent(1003,'王五",23,'f);p

24、->display();cout<<endl;deletep;return0;10、#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classstudentprivate:intnum;stringname;intage;charsex;public:student(intnum=0,stringname="",inta=18,ints='f)cout<<"調(diào)用構(gòu)造函數(shù)num="<<num<<endl;this-&

25、gt;num=num;this->name=name;age=a;sex=s;student(student&s)天貓優(yōu)惠券，我就要券num=s.num;name=;age=s.age;sex=s.sex;voiddisplay。cout<<"學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<"年齡："<<age<<endl;cout<<"

26、性另U:"<<sex<<endl;student()cout<<”析構(gòu)函數(shù)學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;intmain()students1(1001:張三”,25,'f);students2(s1);s1.display();s2.display();return0;11、#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classstudentprivate:intnum;stringname;floatscore;stat

27、icfloatsum;staticintcount;public:student(intnum=0,stringname="",floats=80)this->num=num;this->name=name;score=s;count+;voiddisplay。cout<<"學(xué)號(hào)："<<num<<endl;cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<"成績(jī)："<<score<<en

28、dl;voidtotal();staticfloataverage。；;floatstudent:sum=0.0;intstudent二count=0;voidstudent:total()sum+=score;floatstudent:average()returnsum/count;intmain()students3=student(1001,"張三”,87),student(1002二李四”),student(1003,”王五",90);for(inti=0;i<3;i+)si.total();cout<<"平均成績(jī)："<

29、<student二average()<<endl;return0;12、#include<iostream.h>/#include<string>/usingnamespacestd;classTimeprivate:inthour;intminute;intsecond;public:Time(inth=12,intm=0,ints=0)hour=h;minute=m;second=s;friendvoiddisplay(Time&);voiddisplay(Time&t)cout<<t.hour<<"

30、;時(shí)"<<t.minute<<"分"<<t.second<<"秒"<<endl;intmain()Timet,t1(13,12,22);display(t);display(t1);return0;13、(1)/方法1:多次重載十#include<iostream.h>/#include<string>/usingnamespacestd;classComplexprivate:floatreal;floatimage;public:Complex(floatr

31、eal,floatimage)this->real=real;this->image=image;Complex。real=0;image=0;friendComplexoperator+(Complex&a,Complex&b);friendComplexoperator+(Complex&a,floatb);friendComplexoperator+(floata,Complex&b);friendostream&operator<<(ostream&output,Complexa);friendistream&am

32、p;operator>>(istream&input,Complexa);Complexoperator+(Complex&a,Complex&b)returnComplex(a.real+b.real,a.image+b.image);Complexoperator+(Complex&a,floatb)returnComplex(a.real+b,a.image);Complexoperator+(floata,Complex&b)returnComplex(b.real+a,b.image);ostream&operator<

33、;<(ostream&output,Complexa)if(a.image>0)output<<a.real<<"+"<<a.image<<"i"<<endl;elseoutput<<a.real<<a.image<<"i"<<endl;returnoutput;istream&operator>>(istream&input,Complexa)input>>a.rea

34、l>>a.image;returninput;intmain()Complexa(3,4),b(1,2),c,d,e,f;c=a+b;d=a+5;e=3+b;cout<<c<<endl;cin>>f;cout<<f<<endl;return0;/方法2:使用轉(zhuǎn)換構(gòu)造函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)#include<iostream.h>classComplexprivate:floatreal;floatimage;public:Complex(floatreal,floatimage)this->real=real;this-

35、>image=image;Complex。real=0;image=0;/定義轉(zhuǎn)換構(gòu)造函數(shù)Complex(floatr)real=r;image=0;friendComplexoperator+(Complex&a,Complex&b);friendostream&operator<<(ostream&output,Complexa);friendistream&operator>>(istream&input,Complexa);；Complexoperator+(Complex&a,Complex&

36、;b)returnComplex(a.real+b.real,a.image+b.image);ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,Complexa)if(a.image>0)output<<a.real<<"+"<<a.image<<"i"<<endl;elseoutput<<a.real<<a.image<<"i"<<endl;returnoutput;ist

37、ream&operator>>(istream&input,Complexa)input>>a.real>>a.image;returninput;intmain()Complexa(3,4),b(1,2),c,d,e,f;c=a+b;d=a+5;e=3+b;cout<<c<<endl;cin>>f;cout<<f<<endl;return0;(2)#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTimepublic:Time()minu

38、te=0;sec=0;Time(intm,ints):minute(m),sec(s)Timeoperator+();Timeoperator+(int);voiddisplay()cout<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;private:intminute;intsec;天貓優(yōu)惠券，我就要券TimeTime:operator+()if(+sec>=60)sec-=60;+minute;return*this;TimeTime二operator+(int)Timetemp(*this);sec+;if(s

39、ec>=60)sec-=60;+minute;returntemp;intmain()Timetime1(34,59),time2;cout<<"time1:"time1.display();+time1;cout<<"+time1:"time1.display();time2=time1+;cout<<"time1+:"time1.display();cout<<"time2:"time2.display();return0;14、#include<io

40、stream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classDateprivate:intyear;intmonth;intday;public:Date(inty=2013,intm=1,intd=1)year=y;month=m;day=d;voiddisplay。cout<<year<<"年"<<month<<"月"<<day<<"曰"<<endl;classpersonprivate:strin

41、gname;intage;charsex;public:person(stringn,inta,chars)name=n;age=a;sex=s;voiddisplay()cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<"年齡："<<age<<endl;cout<<"性另U:"<<sex<<endl;classstudent:publicpersonpublic:student(stringn,inta,chars,

42、stringmaj,inty,intm,intd):person(n,a,s),enterdate(y,m,d)major=maj;voiddisplay。person:display();cout<<"專業(yè)："<<major<<endl;cout<<"入學(xué)日期："enterdate.display();private:stringmajor;Dateenterdate;/<學(xué)日期;intmain()studentsC張三”,20,'f,"通信”,2012,9,6);s.displa

43、y();return0;15、#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classDateprivate:intyear;intmonth;intday;public:Date(inty=2013,intm=1,intd=1)year=y;month=m;day=d;voiddisplay。cout<<year<<"年"<<month<<"月"<<day<<"曰"<<

44、endl;；classpersonprivate:stringname;intage;charsex;public:person(stringn,inta,chars)name=n;age=a;sex=s;voiddisplay。cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<"年齡："<<age<<endl;cout<<"性另U:"<<sex<<endl;classstudent:publicpersonpubli

45、c:student(stringn,inta,chars,stringmaj,inty,intm,intd):person(n,a,s),enterdate(y,m,d)major=maj;voiddisplay()person:display();cout<<"專業(yè)："<<major<<endl;cout<<"入學(xué)日期："enterdate.display();private:stringmajor;Dateenterdate;/<學(xué)日期；天貓優(yōu)惠券，我就要券classteacher:publicp

46、ersonpublic:teacher(stringn,inta,chars,stringt,floatw):person(n,a,s)title=t;wage=w;voiddisplay。person:display();cout<<"職稱："<<title<<endl;private:stringtitle;floatwage;intmain()studentsC張三”,20,'f,"通信”,2012,9,6);s.display();teachert('李四",30,'m',&qu

47、ot;講師",3000);t.display();return0;16、#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classDateprivate:intyear;intmonth;intday;public:Date(inty=2013,intm=1,intd=1)year=y;month=m;day=d;voiddisplay。cout<<year<<"年"<<month<<"月"<<day<

48、;<"曰"<<endl;classpersonprivate:stringname;intage;charsex;public:person(stringn,inta,chars)name=n;age=a;sex=s;voiddisplay()cout<<"姓名："<<name<<endl;cout<<"年齡："<<age<<endl;cout<<"性另U:"<<sex<<endl;clas

49、sstudent:virtualpublicpersonm,intpublic:student(stringn,inta,chars,stringmaj,inty,intd):person(n,a,s),enterdate(y,m,d)major=maj;voiddisplay。person:display();cout<<"專業(yè)："<<major<<endl;cout<<"入學(xué)日期："enterdate.display();private:protected:stringmajor;Dateenterda

50、te;/<學(xué)日期；classteacher:virtualpublicpersonpublic:teacher(stringn,inta,chars,stringt,floatw):person(n,a,s)title=t;wage=w;voiddisplay。person:display();cout<<"職稱："<<title<<endl;private:protected:stringtitle;floatwage;classgraduate:publicstudent,publicteacherpublic:graduate(stringn,inta,chars,stringmaj,inty,intm,intd,stringt,floatw,stringg):person(n,a,s),student(n,a,s,maj,y,m,d),teacher(n,a,s,t,w)grade=g;voiddisplay。person:display();cout<<"專業(yè)："<<major<<endl;cout<<"入學(xué)日期："enterdate.di