江蘇高考英語閱讀理解：細節(jié)理解題講解及訓練word版含答案

1、江蘇2017高考英語閱讀理解-細節(jié)理解題講解及訓練（含答案）閱讀理解解題指導閱讀理解歷來都是高考英語試卷中難度最大、區(qū)分度最高的題型，它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要義；理解文中的具體信息；根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義；理解文章的基本結構；理解作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度等。下面我們來探討一下高考閱讀理解的解題思路。閱讀理解 【細節(jié)理解題】細節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對閱讀材料中某一特定細節(jié)或文章的主要事實的理解能力。它的設題方式主要有以下兩種：1. 以 what, who, which, when, where, why, how 等特殊疑問句的方式來提問，針對文章中的具體事物、人物、時間、地點、原因（目的 ）

2、、方式等來設問考查。解這類題時，大家可以帶著問題去閱讀文章，最后采用“對號入座”的辦法，把原文信息跟后面的題目對照，最后確定出正確答案。如 :真題摘選【1】（2013江蘇卷所）I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature inthe years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe s Uncle Tom s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt

3、 directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.65. How do Twain s novels on slavery differ from Stowe s?A. Twain

4、was more willing to deal with racism.B. Twain s attack on racism was much less open.C. Twain s themes seemed to agree with plots.D. Twain was openly concerned with racism.解析：根據(jù)文中信息，Stowe的小說正面抨擊奴隸制問題，而馬克？吐溫則通過故事來抨擊奴隸制和種族歧視，可見馬克? 吐溫對種族歧視的抨擊不那么公開?！緦崙?zhàn)演練】閱讀理解which is ongoing into the influencemilk helps

5、exercisers burn more fat.Part of a research study ， by scientists at McMaster university of drinking milk after heavy weightlifting ， has observed thatThe scientists took three groups of young men 18 to 30 years of age,56 in total ， and put them through a strict ， five - day- per - week weightliftin

6、g program over a 12- week their workouts ， studyparticipants drank either two cups of skim milk （ 脫脂奶 ）， or a soy beverage with equivalent amounts of protein and energy ， or a carbohydrate beverage （ 碳酸飲料） with an equivalent amount of energy.Upon the study s conclusion ， scientists observed that ： t

7、he milk drinking group had lost nearly twice as much fat two pounds as those in the carbohydrate beverage group ， who lost one pound of drinking soy lost no the same time ， the gain in muscle was much greater among the milk drinkers than either the soy or carbohydrate beverage participants.As publis

8、hed in the first stage of the study， the milk drinking group came out on top in terms“ I think the evidence is beginning to increase study. “ Milk may be best known for its calcium （ research ， and later others ， can continuallyof muscle gain with an estimated 40 percent or pounds more muscle mass t

9、han the soy beverage addition ， this group gained 63 percent or pounds more muscle mass than the carbohydrate beverage drinkers.，” says Stuart Phillips the leader of the鈣 ） content in supporting bone health， but oursupport milk s ability to aid in muscle growth andalso promote body fat is the ideal

10、post- workout drink for recreational exercisers and athletesalike. ”1 According to the study ， which is the best drink for exercisers to lose weight?A Fruit juice.B Soy beverage.C Skim milk.D Carbohydrate beverage.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知。答案：C2 From the passage we can learn that milk has a good effect on al

11、l of the following EXCEPT.A muscle gainB brain developmentC bone healthD fat loss解析： 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)前三段可知，牛奶可以gain muscle和lose fat ,故A D正確；根據(jù)最后一段中的 "Milk may be best known for its calicium content in supporting bone health” 可知C 也正確，所以答案為B。答案：B3 According to the passage ， we can know that.A the scienti

12、sts chose people aged 18,30 and 56 as participants of the research8 the weightlifting program which study participants attended was 84 days in totalC people who drink milk every day are always healthier and thinner than othersD soy beverages are better than carbohydrate beverages for exercisers to g

13、ain muscle解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The scientists book three groups of young men 18 to 30 yearsof age,56 in total , 可知 A錯誤；根據(jù)第二段中的"put them through a strict , five - day- per- week weightlifting program over a 12- week period. ”可知 B 錯誤；文章提到喝牛奶可以gain muscle 和 losefat ,但是并沒有提到每天喝牛奶的人會比其他人健康、苗條，故C也錯誤。答案：D

14、4 What does Philips want to tell us?A More evidence is needed to strengthen their research.B Milk has more calcium than soy or carbohydrate beverages.C The calcium in milk can also help gain muscle and lose fat.D Athletes should be forbidden to drink other beverages except milk.解析：細節(jié)理解題。由”.but our r

15、esearch , and later others ' , can continually support milk ' sability to aid in muscle growth and also promote body fat loss.“ 可知答案。答案： A5. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. What exercisers should do to lose weight.B. How milk influences people ' s health and figure.C. The diff

16、erences between milk and soy or carbohydrate beverages.D. A research on the effect of drinking milkgain muscle and lose fat.解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了一項關于喝牛奶的最新研究成果，即喝牛奶可以gain muscle和lose fat ,所以答案為D。答案： D.真題摘選【2】（2013課標卷I A篇）Somepeople will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Tak

17、e my family ' s last vacation. It was my six-year- old son ' s winter break from school, and we were heading home form Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.

18、I had meetings in New York, so I had to get back. But that didn' t mean my husband and my son couldn ' t stay.I took my nine-month-old and took off for home.56. Why did Delta give the author ' s family credits?A. They took a later flight.B. They had early bookings.C. Their flight had bee

19、n delayed.D. Their flight had been cancelled.解析：本文為夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述自己的親身經(jīng)歷來闡明觀點，即如何獲取金錢的最大利用價 值，從而理性消費。利用關鍵詞查詢可以在第一段中找到 The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day這些相關信息。由該句可知，因為航班超員，航空公司（Delta）以信用卡的形式補償我們每人 400美金，要

20、我們放棄座位，第二天再離開。故選A頁（他們乘坐了較晚的航班）?！緦崙?zhàn)演練】【2016屆石家莊市高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測（二）試題】閱讀理解。閱讀下面短文，選擇最佳答案填空。CYou use her as a shoulder to cry on. She texts you back with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice, is only a virtual chatbot.Xiaoice, Microsoft ' s latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, an

21、d returned to WeChatin 2015, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported.On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account.After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice.aHer incredible learning ability wa

22、s why people loved to talk with Xiaoice, " Liu Jinchang,a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science andTechnology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis （表情符號 ） in conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her kn

23、owledge from interacting with users, China Daily reported.Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. For instance, IBM s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia s De

24、akin University, answering students questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple s Siri and Amazon s Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users.These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars

25、and living rooms, The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a “ Samantha” , the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha sparks a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were enthusi

26、astic about this fantasy of virtual soul mates.1. What does the underlined part in paragraph two mean?A. She became a best seller.B. She became very powerful.C. She became a money maker.D. She became very popular.2. Which of the following can Xiaoice do?A. Do housework.B. Spread messages.C. Identify

27、 various photos.D. Read news to its users.3. Which company s chatbot program can act as an acad emic consultant?A. Microsoft.B. IBM.C. Apple.D. Amazon.4. What can be learned from the last paragraph?A. Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now.B. It ll take decades to apply chatbots to cars.C. Samantha

28、is played by a US actor in the film.D. The film Her doesn t interest many audience .參考答案、DCBA2. 以不完整的句子形式，針對文章的某個細節(jié)設題，考查考生對此事實細節(jié)的認定和理解能力。如：真題摘選【1】 （2013 課標卷 I B 篇 ）Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interes

29、t when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects （a comb, a key, an orange and so on）, changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two

30、things make, as opposed to three? Noagain. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three

31、 drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise （同樣地 ） when the researchers started with drumbeats and movedto spots.61. Babies are sensitive to the change in .A. the size of cardsB. the colour of picturesC. the shape of patternsD. the number of objects解析：本文為科普類說明文，主要討論了嬰兒是否能感知數(shù)量這一問題。根據(jù)第二段中Whensl

32、ightlyolder babies were shown cards with pictures of objects （a comb, a key, an orange and so on）, changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves可知，卡片上物品的數(shù)目而不是物品本身的變化對嬰兒的視覺產(chǎn)生了影響，故選D?！玖曨}選編】閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。體裁：記敘文話題：公共服務時間： 7 分鐘The world of ta

33、xi drivers is dominated by there is one small taxi company in Delhi， where allthe drivers and passengers are 's safety is a hot topic in India at the moment， so it's provinga very popular service.“ When I'm on the road driving our taxi I feel very proud， because this is the first taxi se

34、rviceonly for women，”says 31- year - old Shanti Sharma， who is one of eight female drivers with a taxiservice called Cabs for Women by Women.The last couple of months ， since the rape and murder in the city of a college student travelling on a bus ， have been particularly busy for her and her collea

35、gues.“ After this case ， our workload has increased so much ，” says Sharma. “ Women who used other cab services are also turning to us now. ”Most women in Delhi say they routinely face harassment（騷擾） ， and worse ， especially on publictransport.Sharma， a single parent with three daughters ， has been

36、working as a taxi driver since 2011， whenthe service was first set up ， and it has changed her is the first time that she has earned enough about 250 a month to support her family.Of course ， she and the other female taxi drivers are completely outnumbered by male cabbies. “ WhenI park somewhere the

37、re are always men there and inevitably five or six of them get together andhang out ，” she says. “ I'm usually the only woman in the parking lot， so I just stay inside thecar. ”It's not much better when she is out on the says the male drivers give her a hard time.“ As soonas they see a woman

38、 at the wheel they start honking（按喇叭） for no 'll try to overtake 'm alwaysworrying about how to avoid getti ng hit by someone. ”The company behind Cabs for Women by Women ， Sakha Consulting Wings ， had a number of goals when it set up the wanted to give women from poor backgrounds an opportu

39、nity to earn putting women in charge of technologies ， it also wanted to change people's attitudes， and open up boundariesfor women.【語篇導讀】德里一家出租車公司專門推出了女性司機只為女性乘客提供服務的Cabs for Womenby Women出租車業(yè)務。生意異?；鸨?。1 The taxi service Cabs for Women by Women .A is greatly needed at present in IndiaB causes a

40、hot debate in IndiaC was set up in 2012D is free of charge for women解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句中的“it's proving a very popular service ”可知，這項女性出租車服務在現(xiàn)在有很大需求量。答案A2 Why are women who used other cab services turning to Cabs for Women by Women?A Because it is cheap.B Because it is safe.C Because it is famous.D

41、Because it is convenient.解析 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三、四段內(nèi)容可推知，那些以前乘坐其他出租車的女性現(xiàn)在選擇Cabs for Womenby Women,是因為這種由婦女駕駛的出租車能為女性乘客提供安全保障。答案 B3 What do we know about Sharma?A She is the first female taxi driver in Delhi.B She lives in harmony with her husband.C She has regretted becoming a taxi driver.D She has a better s

42、alary after becoming a taxi driver.解析 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段可知，從 2011年Sharma成為出租車司機后，她才賺了足夠多的錢來養(yǎng)家糊 口。答案 D4 What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A The opportunities Cabs for Women by Women provides for women.B The main purposes of Cabs for Women by Women.C People's attitudes towards Cabs for Women by

43、 Women.D The background information of Cabs for Women by Women.解析 段落大意題。根據(jù)本段的主題句“The company behind Cabs for Womenby Wome， n Sakha ConsultingWings， had a number of goals when it set up the service. ”可知，本段主要講開展 Cabs for Women by Women出租車服務的目的。答案 B【長難句解讀】原文Sharma， a single parent with three daughters

44、， has been working as a taxi driver since 2011 ，when the service was first set up ， and it has changed her life.譯文 Sharma是一個獨自撫養(yǎng)三個女兒的單親母親，自從 2011年首次開展這項服務以來，她一直是一名出 租車司機。這改變了她的生活。分析 and 前后為兩個并列分句。在第一個分句中，a single parent with three daughters是 Sharma 的同位語。when引導一個定語從句，修飾 2011?！?2016 屆石家莊市高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測（二）試

45、題】閱讀理解。閱讀下面短文，選擇最佳答案填空。DIf you watch British television on March 15, you might be surprised to see celebrities （名人 ） wearing funny red noses and joking around. But don t worry. They re not mad. It s all part of a money raising event called Red Nose Day.Founded in 1985 by two British comedians, the a

46、im of the event is to raise money to fight poverty and injustice in the UK and Africa. Celebrities and public figures support the event by making appearances on comic TV shows. For example, UKPrime Minister David Cameron once appeared in a music video by One Direction, which the band produced for th

47、e event.Britons don t just raise money for charitable causes on one day a year, but they do it all year round. One way of doing so is by shopping in charity shops. These small shops sell clothes, books and hou sehold goods just like any other shop except that it s all secondhand.There are nearly 10,

48、000 charity shops in the UK. Their business model is simple: Anybody who has things they don t want anymore can donate them to a charity shop, where they are checked for damage, cleaned and priced. The money that is made by selling them is used for a charitable cause.The idea of buying used clothes

49、may sound unpleasant, but for shoppers who have less spending money, it has been a welcome option. Now, shopping at charity shops is also becoming popular with young people looking for alternative fashion. “ You can find very unique clothes for a very cheap price. It doesn t bother methat other peop

50、le may have worn them, I simply wash them before I wear them, ” said Anne Mar ie, a 19-year-old from the US.So next time you spot a charity shop, why not go inside? Who knows, you might find a lovely dress for just a few pounds. Even better, you can enjoy wearing it in the knowledge that your money

51、helped a good cause.1. Why did Cameron appear in One Direction ' s music video?A. To earn a living.B. To support the band.C. To help raising money.D. To entertain the audience.2. Where are the goods of charity shops from?A. Local bands.B. People ' s donation.C. British comedians.D. The UK go

52、vernment.3. What ' s Anne Marie ' s attitude to charity shops?A. Favorable.B. Particular.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.4. What is the text mainly about?A. Red Nose Day.B. British celebrities.C. Charity in Britain.D. Secondhand shops.參考答案、14、cbac【2016年沈陽市高中三年級教學質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(一)】閱讀理解。閱讀下面短文，選擇最佳答案填空。ABri

53、tish International Schools in ChinaHarrow International School BeijingThe mission statement of the school isa Leadership for a better world ” , which draws on thegreat tradition of famous leaders studying in Harrow School such as Winston Churchill and Pundit Nehru. Established in 2005, the Harrow In

54、ternational School Beijing is known for its reputation for having the highest academic standards and close personal tutoring. All students have a personal tutor to take care of their personal concerns. The tuition fee per year ranges from80,100 to 258,400 yuan ($12,600- 40,600) for half day, pre-nur

55、sery to year 13. Read more viaCollege ShanghaiDulwich College Shanghai is made up of about 1,500 students from age 2 to age 18, with over40 different nationalities. Dulwich College Shanghai opened in 2003 and has been recognized asone of the best international schools in Shanghai. About 70 percent o

56、f the school' s teachersare British. The school ' s annual payment ranges from 225,500 to 269,500 yuan ($35,500 - 42,000) from year 1 to year 13. Click here to know more.Wellington College International ShanghaiWellington College, UK, is one of the world ' s top coeducational day and boa

57、rding schools founded by royal sponsor on behalf of Queen Victoria in 1859. Wellington College International Shanghai opened its doors in 2014 and now has over 600 students, aged 2 to 18 years old. Annual tuition ranges from 234,000 to 285,000 yuan ($36,800 - 44,800) for year 1 to year 13. Wellingto

58、n College also has a campus in Tianjin. Click here to learn more about both locations.The British School of GuangzhouEstablished in 2005 for students aged 2 to 18, The British School of Guangzhou has gaineda reputation for academic excellence. The school ' s two campuses are located about 25 minutes north of GuangzhoU s city center,overlooking scenic South Lake. The annual tuitionranges fr