【公開課課件】高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)_ 不定式to do的常考點(diǎn)(共28張PPT)

1、Unit 1 Grammar and usagedoing v-ing v-ed 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞to do 主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài) 用法用法一般式一般式進(jìn)行式進(jìn)行式完成式完成式to do to do to be done to be doing to have done to have beendone 表示動作將要發(fā)生或者表示動作將要發(fā)生或者于謂語動作同時(shí)發(fā)生。于謂語動作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 表示謂語動作發(fā)生時(shí)，表示謂語動作發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式動作正在進(jìn)行。不定式動作正在進(jìn)行。 表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前。作之前。 否定式：否定式： not to do not not

2、not not not 動詞不定式的句法功能動詞不定式的句法功能To have an ice cream is cool.I want to see you this evening.All you should do now is to remember todays lesson.I want a pen to write with.He lowered his head to sleep. He asked his partner not to copy the homework. 主語主語 賓語賓語表語表語 定語定語 狀語狀語 賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)!Remember them!一、不定式做

3、主語，一般用一、不定式做主語，一般用itit當(dāng)形式主語當(dāng)形式主語，把作主語的不定式短語后置。把作主語的不定式短語后置。 is impossible to finish the work in a week.To finish the work in a week is impossible.ItIts + adj. of sb. to do sth.Its + adj. for sb. to do sth. Its kind you to help me.Its not easy you to finish the task.offorIt is no use crying over spil

4、t milk.It is of little good staying up too late every day.但在下列句型中常用但在下列句型中常用-ing形式作主語。形式作主語。 It is/was no use/goodnot any use/goodof little use/gooduseless+doing sth.注意注意 若主語和表語都是非謂語動詞若主語和表語都是非謂語動詞, , 應(yīng)保持應(yīng)保持形式上的一致。形式上的一致。 Seeing Seeing isis believingbelieving. . To seeTo see isis to believeto believ

5、e. . 眼見為實(shí)。眼見為實(shí)。二、不定式做表語時(shí)，如果主語里含有實(shí)義二、不定式做表語時(shí)，如果主語里含有實(shí)義動詞動詞dodo的各種形式的各種形式，那么不定式的，那么不定式的toto要省要省略。略。The only thing I can do is in bed. 我現(xiàn)在唯一能做的就是努力學(xué)習(xí)。我現(xiàn)在唯一能做的就是努力學(xué)習(xí)。 Her wish is a pop singer. lieto become What I can do now is study hard. 三、三、 不定式后有不定式后有adj./n.adj./n.做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，常把不做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，常把不定式定式to doto do方后面，其位

6、置用方后面，其位置用 it it 代替。代替。think/ find/ feel/ consider/ makethink/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard/ regard+ itit + + adj./n.adj./n. + to doto do Theyfinditpleasanttoworkwithhim.itto workIthinkitmyhonortobeinvitedtospeakhere.itto be invited四、動詞不定式與其所修飾的詞之間往往四、動詞不定式與其所修飾的詞之間往往有動賓關(guān)系，如果該不定式是有動賓關(guān)系，如果該不定式是

7、不及物動詞不及物動詞，或者該不定式本身有賓語，其后應(yīng)有或者該不定式本身有賓語，其后應(yīng)有相應(yīng)相應(yīng)的介詞的介詞。He is looking for a room to live.She has a child to .in.她有一個(gè)小孩要照顧。她有一個(gè)小孩要照顧。take care of.something, anything, nothing, everything等等復(fù)合不定代詞常用復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式不定式做后置定語。做后置定語。1) Have you anything to send? 你有什么東西要寄嗎？你有什么東西要寄嗎？（不定式（不定式to send的動作執(zhí)行者是的動作執(zhí)行者是yo

8、u）2) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？ （不定式（不定式to be sent的動作執(zhí)行者是已的動作執(zhí)行者是已被省略的被省略的me或或someone else）注意比較注意比較五、五、不帶不帶to的不定式的不定式作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)三三使使 let makehave 二聽二聽 listen to hear一感一感: feel四四看看 watch see observe noticeI heard them sing a pop song .The teacher made me answer the qu

9、estion.We watched them play football.如果上述結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)如果上述結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài), ,不定式就由不定式就由原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語, ,此時(shí)動此時(shí)動詞詞( (let, have無被動語態(tài)無被動語態(tài)) )后原來后原來不帶不帶to的不的不定式要定式要加加to。He was seen to go upstairs.He was made to do his work . forget, remember, try, regret, mean, stop等動詞后既可跟等動詞后既可跟to do又可跟又可跟doing，但是意義，

10、但是意義不一樣，須根據(jù)其習(xí)慣用法和語境進(jìn)行取舍。不一樣，須根據(jù)其習(xí)慣用法和語境進(jìn)行取舍。 The light in the office is still on. Oh, I forgot _ (turn) it off.to turn1. go on to do go on doing 2. stop to do stop doing 3. remember to do remember doing 4. cant help to do cant help doing 5. forget to do forget doing 6. regret to do regret doing 7. t

11、ry to do try doing 8. mean to do mean doing 接著做（另一件事接著做（另一件事)繼續(xù)做（同一件事）繼續(xù)做（同一件事） 停下來去做；停下來去做； 停止做停止做 記住要做；記住要做；記得曾做過記得曾做過 幫不上忙；幫不上忙； 情不自禁地做情不自禁地做 忘記要做；忘記要做；忘了曾經(jīng)做過忘了曾經(jīng)做過 很遺憾抱歉地去做；很遺憾抱歉地去做；后悔做了后悔做了努力做；努力做；試著做試著做 打算做；打算做； 意味著做意味著做 六、六、介詞介詞except/ but except/ but 之后接不定式時(shí)，如果介之后接不定式時(shí)，如果介詞前有詞前有實(shí)義動詞實(shí)義動詞do的各種

12、形式的各種形式則則except/ but 后接后接不帶不帶to 的不定式；反之，如果的不定式；反之，如果except/ but前前沒有實(shí)義動詞沒有實(shí)義動詞do，則不定式，則不定式帶帶to 。Cai has no choice but the homework.Cai does nothing but every day.to dodoessleep 七、不定式的主要用法之一是在句中作狀語，七、不定式的主要用法之一是在句中作狀語，表目的、原因、結(jié)果和條件表目的、原因、結(jié)果和條件 1) 表目的時(shí)放句首或者句末表目的時(shí)放句首或者句末,常與常與in order to, so as to 連用。連用。

13、He got up early so as not to be late.2) 表結(jié)果時(shí)，常跟表結(jié)果時(shí)，常跟only搭配，放句末用逗號隔開搭配，放句末用逗號隔開 He arrived at the airport, only to find the plan had taken off.注意注意不定式做結(jié)果狀語還有以下常用句型：不定式做結(jié)果狀語還有以下常用句型：1、too + adj./adv. + to do sth.2、n./adj./adv. + enough to do sth.3、enough + n. + to do sth.4、such + n. + as to do sth.5

14、、so + adj./adv. + as to do sth.八、不定式的省略八、不定式的省略(1).不定式中的動詞上文已出現(xiàn)過不定式中的動詞上文已出現(xiàn)過,下文要下文要 省略該動詞。省略該動詞。- Would you like to go with me ? - Id like to .(2). 不定式是不定式是to be 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu), be 不可省。不可省。- Would you like to be a teacher?- Id like to be.Put what you have learned into Put what you have learned into practice!

15、practice! Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? Not at all, _. A. Ive no time B. Id rather notC. Id like it D. Id be happy to2. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _ it didnt fit. A. to find B. found C. finding D. having found3. In Au

16、stralia he made a lot of friends _a very practical knowledge of English. A. get B. getting C. to get D. got4. The little time we have together we try _wisely. A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. having spent 5.Paul doesnt have to be made_ . He always works hard. A. study B. to study C. stud

17、ied D. studying6. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 7. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good_. A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 8.If he takes on this work, he will have nochoice but _ an even greater challenge. A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet9. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it _. A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D.