定語從句關系代詞

1、Step 1: RevisionStep 1: Revision1. Basic knowledge about attributive clauses1. Basic knowledge about attributive clauses. . 定語從句在句子中起定語作用，修飾一定語從句在句子中起定語作用，修飾一個名詞或代詞，有時也可修飾一個句子。受定語從個名詞或代詞，有時也可修飾一個句子。受定語從句修飾的詞叫句修飾的詞叫_，定語從句通常由關系代詞，定語從句通常由關系代詞_ _ _ 或關系副詞或關系副詞_引引導，這些詞既指代主句中的先行詞導，這些詞既指代主句中的先行詞, , 又充當定語從又充

2、當定語從句中的某個成分。定語從句可分為：限制性定語從句中的某個成分。定語從句可分為：限制性定語從句和句和_定語從句。定語從句。 先行詞先行詞that, which, who, whom,that, which, who, whom,whosewhose when, where, whywhen, where, why非限制性非限制性asas 關系詞的作用：關系詞的作用： 1 1、連接作用、連接作用 把主句和從句連接起來把主句和從句連接起來 2、替代作用、替代作用 在從句中代替在它前面在從句中代替在它前面 的先行詞的先行詞 3、成分作用、成分作用 在從句中充當一個成分在從句中充當一個成分 He

3、is the man (that) I told you about.1. that 指人指人/物，作主語物，作主語,賓語或表語賓語或表語 (作賓語可省略）作賓語可省略）A plane is a machine that can fly.My hometown is not the one (that )it used to be.2. which 指物，指物，作主語或賓語作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略作賓語可省略) These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （which） he is using ismade

4、in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?關系代詞關系代詞: : 3. who指人指人,作主語或賓語作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）作賓語可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.4. whom指人指人, ,作賓語作賓語 ( (作賓語可省略作賓語可省略) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. 5 . .Whose Whose 既可以修飾人

5、也可以修飾物既可以修飾人也可以修飾物, ,在句子中作定語，不可在句子中作定語，不可以省略。以省略。 The child The child whosewhose parents are dead is Tom parents are dead is Tom The book whose cover is lost belongs to me .The book whose cover is lost belongs to me .關系詞先行詞所指關系詞在句中作用是否可省關系代詞that人/物主、賓、表賓可省which物主、賓、賓可省who人主、賓賓可省whom人賓可whose人/物定不可as人

6、/物/事情主、賓、表賓可省關系副詞when時間時間狀語不可where地點地點狀語不可why原因原因狀語不可1.先行詞是不定代詞先行詞是不定代詞all, few, little, much, anything, something, nothing, everything 等時。等時。Do you know everything (that) he said? He bought nothing (that ) he was interested in. Little that is important is done. 2.先行詞被先行詞被all, any, every, few, littl

7、e, no, some 等修飾時。等修飾時。All the books that were published last year were very valuable. Every boy (that)the teacher taught in that school is smart. 3.先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞的最高級以及先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞的最高級以及the only, the very, the last等詞等詞修飾時。修飾時。This is the very book (that ) I am looking after. The only computer that was b

8、ought in the shopping mall is broken. 關系代詞只能用that不用which . 4.4.先行詞同時包含了人和物時。先行詞同時包含了人和物時。 He still remembers the things and the persons the things and the persons (that) he knew at school ten years ago. 5.5.先行詞在定語從句中作先行詞在定語從句中作to be to be 的表語時。的表語時。 The boy is that boythat boy (that ) he used to be

9、6.6. 以以who who 或者或者which which 開頭的句子里含有定語從句并且關系代詞開頭的句子里含有定語從句并且關系代詞在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語時。在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語時。 Who Who is the man that helped you with your English？ Which Which is the machine that was produced by your factory?1.The man _ stands there is Tom.2.The girl _ I met is Ms Li.3.The boy _ watch was l

10、ost is Tom.4.The book _ lies on the desk is his.5.The pen _ you bought is good.6.The magazine _ cover is red is nice. who / thatwho / that(whom / that)(whom / that)whosewhosewhich/thatwhich/that( (which / that)which / that)whosewhosepractice 1.Everything_ you say to him goes in one ear and out the o

11、ther.2.All _ is needed is a supply of oil. 3. The train is the last _ will go to Shanghai.4.The boy and the dog _ are in the picture are very lovely.5.The first lesson _ I learned will be forgotten6.The way_ you are doing it is completely crazy.thatthatthatthatthatthatI dont like the way (that / in

12、which) he speaks to me.注意:當先行詞是the way時,關系詞用:that/不填/in which.Which 用法whichwhich可以引導非限可以引導非限制性定語從制性定語從句，句，thatthat不能。不能。 He had failed in the He had failed in the mathsmaths exam exam，which made his which made his father very angryfather very angry.whichwhich可以用在介詞可以用在介詞后，后，thatthat不可。不可。That is the

13、 house in which That is the house in which Mark Twain used to liveMark Twain used to live一個句子中若有兩個一個句子中若有兩個定語從句，一個用定語從句，一個用thatthat引導。另一個不能再用引導。另一個不能再用thatthat，而用，而用whichwhich。He bought an American He bought an American magazine that could give him magazine that could give him so much English knowle

14、dge so much English knowledge and which could help him to and which could help him to kill the timekill the time5.Whose注意：指物時，常用下列結構來代替：the+n +of which; of which+the+n. 指人時，常用下列結構來代替：the+n +of whom; of whom+the+n. Do you like the book whose cover is green? Do you like the book of which the cover is

15、green?6.as 通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做主語/賓語。 當先行詞受as,such, the same 修飾時，關系詞常用as。I have never heard such stories as he tells.This is the same dictionary as I lost last week. 注意：當先行詞受the same 修飾時，偶爾也用 that表同一個，但as表同一類。She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding.She wore the same dress as her younger

16、sister wore.This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one D. A&B D比較：.the same pen as I lost. 表示這支筆與我不見的那支很像。則表示這支筆就是我不見的那支。.the same pen that I lost.區(qū)別區(qū)別 ：such.assuch.as引導定語從句He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.引導結果狀語從句such.thatHe is such a clever boy that everyone likes.他是一

17、個人人喜歡的聰明的男孩。他是一個聰明的男孩以致人人喜歡他。 whichwhich和和asas都可以引導非限制性定語從句都可以引導非限制性定語從句asas引導的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句之前，引導的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。whichwhich引導的非限性定語從句只能放在引導的非限性定語從句只能放在主句之后主句之后。另外，。另外，asas常有常有“正如正如”“”“正像正像”的含義。的含義。 China is a developing countryChina is a developing country，as is known to allas is known to all 眾所周知，中國是發(fā)展中國家。眾所周知，中國是發(fā)展中國家。 JohnJohna