翻譯資格考試二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力及實(shí)務(wù)真題詳解

1、2003年12英語(yǔ)二級(jí)?筆譯綜合能力?試題PartiParti SummarySummary WritingWriting1.Read the following English passage and then write a Chinese summary of approximately 300 words that expresses its main ideas and basic information (40points, 50 minutes)Deceptively small in column inches, a recent New York Times article

2、holds large meaning for us in business. The item concerned one Daniel Provenzano, 38,of Upper Saddle River, N.J. Here is the relevant portion:When he owned a Fort Lee printing company called Advice Inc., Mr. Provenzano said he found out that a sales representative he employment had stolen $9,000.Mr.

3、 Provenzano said he told the man that-if he wanted to keep his employment, I wouldhave to break his thumb. II He said another Advice employee drove the sales representative to Holy Name Hospital in Teaneck, broke the thumb with a hammeroutside the hospital, and then had a car service take the man ho

4、me after the thumb was repaired.Mr. Provenzano explained that he -didn t(want to set an example II that workers could get away with stealing. The worker eventually paid back $4,500 andkept his job, he said. I know that you re thinking: This is an outrage. I, too, was shocked that Provenzano was bein

5、g prosecuted for his astute management.Indeed, I think his -modest proposal II has a lot to teach managers as they struggle with the problems of our people-centered business environment. Problemssuch as -.DealingDealing withwith thethe bottombottom 10%.10%. GEGE made the system famous, but plenty of

6、 companies are using it: Every year you get rid of the worst-evaluated workers. Manymanagers object that this practice is inhumane, but not dealing with that bottom 10% leads to big performance problems. Provenzano found a kinder, gentleranswer. After all, this employee would have been fired virtual

7、ly anywhere else. But at Advice Inc., he stayed on the job. And you know what? I bet he becomea very, very very productive employee. For most managers Provenzano s innovative response will be a welcome new addition to their executive tool kit.And by the way, -executive tool kit II is clearly more th

8、an just a metaphor at Advice Inc.BeingBeing thethe employeremployer ofof choice.choice. With top talent scarce everywhere, most companies now want to be their industry s or their community s most desirable. AdviceInc. understood. The employee in question wasn tsimply disciplined in his supervisor s

9、office and sent home. No, that s how an ordinary employer would havedone it. But at Advice Inc., another employee the HR manager, perhaps? took time out his busy day and drove the guy right to the emergency room. Andthen the detail that says it all the company provided a car service to drive the emp

10、loyee home. The message to talented job candidates comes throughloud and clear: Advice Inc. is a company that cares.SettingSetting anan exampleexample toto others.others. An eternal problem for managers is how to let all employees know what happens to those who perform especially well or badly.A few

11、 companies actually post everyone s salary and bonus on their intranet. But pay is so one-dimensional. At Advice Inc., a problem that would hardly bementioned at most companies embezzlement was undoubtedly the topic of rich discussions for weeks, at least until the employee s cast came off. Any empl

12、oyeetheft probably went way, way way down.When the great Roberto Goizueta was CEO of Coca-Cola he used to talk about this problem of setting examples and once observed, -Sometimes you must have anexecution in the public square! I I But of course he was speaking only figuratively. If he had just list

13、ened to his own words, Goizueta might have been aneven better CEO.Differentiation.Differentiation. This is one of Jack Welch s favorite concepts the idea that managers should treat different employees very differently based on performance.Welch liked to differentiate with salary, bonus, and stock op

14、tions, but now, in what must henceforth be known as the post-Provenzano management era, we cansee that GE s great management thinker just wasn t thinking big enough.This Times article is tantalizing and frustrating. In just a few sentences it opens a whole new world of management, yet much more sure

15、ly remains to be told.We must all urge Provenzano to write a book explaining his complete managerial philosophy.2.Read the following Chinese passage and then write an English summary of approximately 250 words that expresses its central ideas and main viewpoints(40 points, 50 minutes)越是對(duì)原作體會(huì)深刻，越是欣賞原

16、文的每秒，越覺得心長(zhǎng)力，越覺得譯文遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的傳達(dá)不出原作的神韻。返工的次數(shù)愈來(lái)愈多，時(shí)間也花得愈來(lái)愈多，結(jié)果卻總是不滿意。 ,例如句子的轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角太生硬，色彩單調(diào)，說(shuō)理強(qiáng)而描繪弱，處處都和我性格的缺陷與偏差有關(guān)。自然，我并不因此灰心，照樣“知其不可為而為之 工作有成績(jī)才是最大的快樂：這一點(diǎn)你我都一樣。另外有一點(diǎn)是肯定的，就是西方人的思想方式同我們距離太大了。不做翻譯工作的人恐怕不會(huì)體會(huì)到這么深切。他們 刻畫心理和描寫感情的時(shí)候，有些曲折和細(xì)膩的地方，復(fù)雜繁瑣，簡(jiǎn)直與我們格格不入。我們對(duì)人生瑣事往往有許多 是人為不值一提而省略，有許多只是羅列事實(shí)而不加分析的；如果要寫情就用詩(shī)人的態(tài)度來(lái)寫：西方作家卻多

17、半用科 學(xué)家的態(tài)度，歷史學(xué)家的態(tài)度特別巴爾扎克 ， 像解剖昆蟲一半。譯的人固然懂得了，也感覺到它的特色，妙處，可是要叫思想方式完全不一樣的讀者領(lǐng)會(huì)就難了。思想方式反映整個(gè)的人生觀，宇宙觀，和幾千年文化的開展，怎能一 下子就能和另一民族,不過要心情愉快也很難了。的思想溝通呢？你很幸運(yùn)，音樂不像語(yǔ)言的局限那么大，你還是用音符表達(dá)前人的音符，不是用 另一種語(yǔ)言文字，另一種邏輯。 博雷家書?PartPart 2 2 ReadingReading ComprehensionComprehension (20(20 points,points, 2020 minutes)minutes)In this s

18、ection you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with four (A, B, C and D)suggested answers or way of finishing. You must choose the one which you think fits best.ToTo ErrErr IsIs HumanHumanby Lewis ThomasEveryone must have had at

19、 least one personal experience with a computer error by this time. Bank balances are suddenly reported to have jumped form $379 intothe millions, appeals for charitable contributions are mailed over and over to people with crazy sounding names at your address, department stores send thewrong bills,

20、utility companies write that the y re turning everything off, that sort of thing. If you manage to get in touch with someone and complain, youthen get instantaneously typed, guilty letters from the same computer, saying, -Our computer was in error, and an adjustment is being made in your account.IIT

21、hese are supposed to be the sheerest, blindest accidents. Mistakes are not believed to be the normal behavior of a good machine. If things go wrong, itmust be a personal, human error, the result of fingering, tampering a button getting stuck, someone hitting the wrong key. The computer, at its norma

22、l best,is infallible.I wonder whether this can be true. After all, the whole point of computers is that they represent an extension of the human brain, vastly improved upon butnonetheless human, superhuman maybe. A good computer can think clearly and quickly enough to beat you at chess, and some of

23、them have even been programmedto write obscure verse. They can do anything we can do, and more besides.It is not yet known whether a computer has its own consciousness, and it would be hard to find out about this. When you walk into one of those great hallsnow built for the huge machines, and standi

24、ng listening, it is easy to imagine that the faint, distant noises are the sound of thinking, and the turning ofthe spools gives them the look of wild creatures rolling their eyes in the effort to concentrate, choking with information. But real thinking, and dreaming,are other matters. On the other

25、hand, the evidence of something like an unconscious, equivalent to ours, are all around, in every mail. As extensions of thehuman brain, they have been constructed the same property of error, spontaneous, uncontrolled, and rich in possibilities.Question 1: The title of the writing -To Err Is Human I

26、I implies thatA.making mistakes is confined only to human beings.B.every human being cannot avoid making mistakes.C.all human beings are always making mistakes.D.every human being is born to make bad mistakes.Question 2: The first paragraph implies thatA.computer errors are so obvious that one can h

27、ardly prevent them form happening.B.a computer is so capable of making errors that none of them is avoidable.C.computers make such errors as miscalculation and inaccurate reporting.D.computers can t think so their errors are natural and unavoidable.Question 3: The author uses his hypothesis that -co

28、mputers represent an extension of the human brain II in order to indicate thatA.human beings are not infallible, nor are computers.B.computers are bound to make as many errors as human beings.C.errors made by computers can be avoided the same as human mistakes can be avoided.D.computers are made by

29、human beings and so are their errors.Question 4: The rhetoric the author employed in writing the third paragraph, especially the sentence-Agood computer can think clearly and quickly enoughto beat you at chess - II is usually referred to in writing asA.climax.B. personification C. hyperboleD. onomat

30、opoeiaQuestion 5: The author compared the faint and distant sound of the computer to the sound of thinking and regarded it as the product of A. dreaming and thinkingB. some property of errors C. consciousness D possibilitiesTheThe FrugalFrugal GourmetGourmet CooksCooks AmericanAmericanby Jeff SmithO

31、ur real American foods have come from our soil and have been used by many groups those who already lived here and those who have come here to live.The Native Americans already had developed an interesting cuisine using the abundant foods that were so prevalent.The influence that the English had upon

32、 our national eating habits is easy to see. They were a tough lot, those English, and they ate in a tough manner.They wiped their mouths on the tablecloth, if there happened to be one, and they ate until you would expect them to burst. European travelers to this countryin those days were most often

33、shocked by American eating habits, which included too much salt and too much liquor. Not much has changed! And, the Revolutionistsrefused to use the fork since it marked them as Europeans. The fork was not absolutely common on the American dinner table until about the time of the CivilWar, the 1860s

34、. Those English were a tough lot.Other immigrant groups added their own touches to the preparation of our New World food products. The groups that came still have a special sense ofself-identity through your ancestors who came from other lands was supposed to disappear in this country. The term melt

35、ing pot was first used in referenceto America in the late 1700s, so this belief that we would all become the same has been with us for a long time. Thank goodness it has never worked. The variousimmigrant groups continue to add flavor to the pot, all right, but you can pick out the individual flavor

36、s easily.The largest ancestry group in America is the English. There are more people in America who claim to have come from English blood than there are in England.But is their food English? Thanks be to God, it is not! It is American. The second largest group is the Germans, then the Irish, the Afr

37、o-Americans, the French,the Italians, the Scottish, and the Polish. The Mexican and American Indian groups are all smaller than any of the above, though they were the original cooksin this country. Question 6: Which of the following statements is nearly identical in meaning with the sentenceHhey ate

38、 until you would expectthem to burst II in the second paragraph?A.You bet they would never stop to eat till they are full.B.What you can expect is that they would not stop eating unless there was nomore food.C.The only thing you would expect is that they would n t stop eating till they hadhadenough

39、of the food.D.the only thing is that they wouldnt stop eating till they felt sick.Question 7: Which of the following statements is Not true?A.English people had bad table manners.B.American food was exclusively unique in its flavors and varieties.C.American diet contained a lot of fat, salt and liqu

40、or.D.Europeans were not at all accustomed to the American way of eating.Question 8: The authors attitude towards American food is thatA.American food is better than foods from other countries.B.American food is superior to European food.C.European food had helped enrich the flavors and varieties of

41、American food.D.People from other countries could still identify from the American foods the foods that were unique to their countries.Q9: Immigrant groups, when they got settled down in the United States, still have had their own sense of self-identity becauseA.their foods are easily identified amo

42、ng all the foods American eat.B.their foods stand out in sharp contrast to foods of other countries.C.they know pretty well what elements of American food are of their own countries origin.D.they know pretty well how their foods contribute to American cuisine.Question 10: Which of the following stat

43、ements is true?A. People from other cultures or nations start to lose their self-identity once they get settled down in America.B.The -melting pot II is supposed melt all the foods but in reality it doesn t：C.The special sense of self-identity of people from other countries can tbe maintained once t

44、hey become Americans.D.The -melting pot I I finds it capable of melting all the food traditions into the American tradition.2003年12月英語(yǔ)二級(jí)?筆譯實(shí)務(wù)?試題SectionSection 1:1: EnglishEnglish -Chinese-Chinese TranslationTranslation(英譯漢)This section consists of two parts, Part A “Compulsory Translation and Part B

45、 “Choice of Two Translations consisting of two sections TopicI and Topic 2. For the passage in Part A and your choice of passage in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into Chinese. Aboveyour translation of Part A, write Compulsory Translation and above your translation from

46、 Part B, write Topic I or Topic 2 (60 points, 100 minutes) PartA Compulsory Translation (必譯題)(30 points)NowhereNowhere toto GoGoFor the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley, all you have to do is to talk to someone like -NagarajII(who didn twant to revealhis real name). He s

47、 an Indian immigrant who, like many other Indian engineers, came to America recently on an H-1B visa, which allows skilled workers tobe employed by one company for as many as six years. But one morning last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were called intoa conference

48、room in their San Francisco technology-consulting firm and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in SiliconValley, -It was the shock of my lifetime, II says Nagaraj.This is not a normal bear-market sob story. According to federal regulation, Nagaraj and his colleag

49、ues have two choices. They must either return to India,or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) allow them to transfer their visa to the new company.And the law doesn tallow them to earn a pay-check until all the paperwork winds its

50、way through the INS bureaucracy. -How am I going to survive without anyjob and without any income?IINagaraj wonders.Until recently, H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley companies as the solution to the region s shortage of programmers and engineers. First issuedby the INS in 1992, they attra

51、ct skilled workers from other countries, many of whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanentgreen cards. Through February 2000, more than 81,000 worker held such visas but with the dot-com crash, many have been getting laid off. That s causingmass consternation in

52、U.S. immigrant communities. The INS considers a worker -out of status H when he loses a job, which technically means that he must packup and go home. But because of the scope of this yearslayoffs, the U.S. government hasrecently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest work

53、ers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can finda new company to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes remain nebulous. The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects inAmerica, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. -They are in

54、limbo. It is the greatest form of torture, H says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valley-basedImmigrants Support Network.The crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley companies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a bigvictory by getting Congress to

55、 approve an increase in the annual number of H-1B visas. Now, with technology firms retrenching, demand for such workers isslowing. Valley heavyweights like Intel, Cisco and Hewlett-Packard have all announced thousands of layoffs this year, which include many H-1B workers. TheINS reported last month

56、 that only_16,000 new H-1B workers came to the United States in February down from 32,000 in February of last year.Last month, acknowledging the scope of the problem, the INS told H-1B holders -not to panic, II and that there would be a grace period for laid-off workersbefore they had to leave the U

57、nited States. INS spokeswomen Eyleen Schmidt promises that more specific guidance will come this month. -We are aware of thecutbacks, II she says. -We re trying to be as generous as we can be within the confines of the existing law. 11PartPart B B ChoiceChoice ofof TwoTwo TranslationsTranslations(二選

58、 題)(30(30 points)points)TopicTopic 1 1(選題一)WhatWhat IsIs thethe ForceForce ofof Gravity?Gravity?If you throw a ball up, it will come down again. What makes it come down? The ball comes down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth. The Earthexerts a force of attraction on all objects. Obj

59、ects that are nearer to the Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those that are further away.This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity. The gravitational force acting on an object at the Earth ssurface is called the weight of theobject.All the heavenly bodies in space

60、like the moon, the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects. The bigger and heavier a body is, thegreater is its force of gravity. Thus, since the moon is a smaller body than Earth, the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that exertedby the Earth on the sa