初中語法總復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞之三-一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成用法用法常用時(shí)間常用時(shí)間1.主語主語+ 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 2. 主語主語+ 動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的s/ es (第三人稱單數(shù)）第三人稱單數(shù)）1、表示經(jīng)常、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。、表示經(jīng)常、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。Tom often goes swimming2、表示一種客觀事實(shí)或真理。、表示一種客觀事實(shí)或真理。The moon is round。always 總是總是sometimes 有時(shí)有時(shí)often / usually經(jīng)常經(jīng)常every day /week /yearhow oftentwice a week動(dòng)詞三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成構(gòu)成規(guī)則構(gòu)成規(guī)則

2、例詞例詞1、一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加、一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加 s look looks start starts2、結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是 o, s , sh, ch , 的動(dòng)詞加的動(dòng)詞加 es go goes passpasses wash washes watch watches3 、結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是“輔音字母輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞, 先變先變“y”為為“i”再加再加-es study studies carry carries play -plays (元音字母元音字母+y 的，則不變）的，則不變） 一、主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)一、主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí) 肯定：肯定： 主主+ 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 We of

3、ten go swimming. 否定否定: dont+動(dòng)原動(dòng)原 We often dont go swimming. 疑問疑問: Do+主主+動(dòng)原動(dòng)原 ? Do you often go swimming? Yes , we do. / No , we dont.I often _ letters to my friend. ( write )They usually _ playing football after school . (like )Sometimes we_ _ in PE class .( not run )When _ they _ up every day ? (ge

4、t )The students _ lessons on Sunday .( not have )writelikedont run dogetdont have 二、主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)二、主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí), 肯定：主肯定：主+ 動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的 s/ es Tom often goes swimming. 否定否定: doesnt+動(dòng)原動(dòng)原 Tom often doesnt go swimming. 疑問疑問: does+主主+動(dòng)原動(dòng)原 ? Does Tom often go swimming? Yes , he does . / No , he doesnt. 1. Jack _ to

5、go to school by bike every day. ( have ) 2. My mother often _ to work . ( walk ) 3. Sometimes Lucy _ lunch at home .( not have ) 4. Where _ your sister _ ? ( work ) haswalksdoesnt havedoeswork 1. He _English in a school.I _maths in a school. ( teach) 2. I often _TV. (watch ) My brother often _books

6、.(read) 3. He _ classes every day. (have) 4.They _ shopping on Monday. (not go ) 5.Tom _ a bike every day. (not ride) 6. My parents _(not like ) fish. 8. What _ you _ ?(do ) 9.Where _ your uncle _? (live) 10. When _she usually _up?( get) teaches teach watch reads hasdont go doesnt ride dont like do

7、do does work does get請(qǐng)注意區(qū)分名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的請(qǐng)注意區(qū)分名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的區(qū)別：區(qū)別：可數(shù)名詞超過一個(gè)，名詞要變復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞超過一個(gè)，名詞要變復(fù)數(shù): a book -three books a wolf- five wolves 第三人稱單數(shù)做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù) He is a student. We are students.She often works late into the night. And as her manager, Peter is satisfied with her.考查熱點(diǎn)

8、考查熱點(diǎn)：如果主句為一般將來時(shí)，如果主句為一般將來時(shí)，if，unless等引導(dǎo)的等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句和條件狀語從句和when，until，as soon as ,before, after 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句常用等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。-What about going climbing if it doesnt rain tomorrow?-Good idea. We will go climbing if it is fine tomorrow.-He will write to us as soon as he gets there/home.一

9、般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)用法用法常用時(shí)間常用時(shí)間主語主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式動(dòng)詞的過去式1、表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)、表示過去某個(gè)時(shí) 間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。存在的狀態(tài)。2、表示過去經(jīng)?；?、表示過去經(jīng)常或 反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。yesterdaylast nightin 1990two days ago構(gòu)成構(gòu)成規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成構(gòu)成規(guī)則例詞1、一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加、一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加 ed look looked play played start started2、結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是 e 的動(dòng)詞加的動(dòng)詞加 - d live lived hope hoped use us

10、ed3、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的 重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這 個(gè)輔音字母，再加個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed stop stoppedplan plannedtrip tripped4、結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是“輔音字母輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞，的動(dòng)詞， 先變先變“y”為為“i”再加再加ed study studiedcarry carried用用 法法1、表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。、表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 He was here yesterday. I got up at six thirty yesterday morning. My fath

11、er was at work yesterday afternoon. Did you have a good time last summer?2、表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 My father often went to work by bus last year. When I was a child, I often listened to music. 構(gòu)構(gòu) 成成 肯定：肯定： 主主+ 動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式 We went swimming last weekend. 否定否定: didnt+動(dòng)原動(dòng)原 We didnt go swimming las

12、t weekend. 疑問疑問: Did+主主+動(dòng)原動(dòng)原 ? Did you go swimming last weekend? Yes , we did. / No , we didnt.I _ letters to my friend last night. ( write )They _ playing football after school a year ago. (like )we_ PE class yesterday.( not have )Where_ you _ last Sunday ? (go )They_ the Great Wall in 1998 .( visi

13、t )wrotelikeddidnt havedidgovisitedYesterday afternoon, little Tommy came home crying. His mother was surprised and asked him, “What are you crying for, dear?” Little Tommy answered: “The teacher kept me in for something I didnt do.” His mother was even more surprised and asked again, “Something you didnt do?” What was it?” Tommy said, “ M-m, my lessons.”PRACTISE改寫句子：改寫句子：1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）改否定句） Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge.（變一般疑問句變一般疑問句) _ he