新概念2 第53課

1、.Lesson 53Hot snake.單詞學(xué)習(xí) hot fireman cause examine accidentally remains wind wire volt power line solve mystery snatch spark adj. 帶電的，通電的帶電的，通電的n. 消防隊(duì)員消防隊(duì)員v. 引起；引起； n. 原因原因v. 檢查檢查adv. 意外地，偶然地意外地，偶然地n. 尸體，殘骸尸體，殘骸v. 纏繞纏繞n. 電線電線n. 伏特（電壓?jiǎn)挝唬┓兀妷簡(jiǎn)挝唬╇娏€電力線v. 解決解決n. 謎謎v. 抓住抓住n. 電火花電火花.hot adj 1）熱的，炎熱的 Stri

2、ke while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵. hot 炎熱的 warm 溫暖的 cool 涼爽的 chilly 寒冷的 cold 寒冷的,嚴(yán)寒的 2）調(diào)味品辣的 辣椒和芥末是辣的. Pepper and mustard are hot. 3）強(qiáng)烈的,激烈的,熱烈的. have a hot temper 脾氣暴躁 a hot potato 棘手或討厭的事物或情況.fireman n 消防隊(duì)員 hydrant haidrnt n.消防栓. fire extinguisher 滅火器 Extinguish ikstigwi put out 滅火.cause 1）V. 引起 caus

3、e sth : 引起（麻煩） 粗心導(dǎo)致事故 Carelessness causes accidents. 驕傲使人失敗 Pride causes failure cause sb to do sth 引起某人做某事, 導(dǎo)致某人做某事 2）n. 原因 cause : 強(qiáng)調(diào)事情發(fā)生的直接原因(一個(gè)) reason : 其他各種的理由(很多個(gè))The cause of sth 的起因的起因The reason for sth 的理由的理由. examine 1）v. 仔細(xì)觀察,檢查,調(diào)查 消防隊(duì)員檢查了森林的每一寸土地。 The firefighters examined every inch of

4、 the forest. 2）v. 診查 醫(yī)生仔細(xì)的診察了病人。 The doctor examined his patient carefully 3）v. 考試,測(cè)試 examine students in English n. exam 考試=examination. accidentally adv. 意外地,偶然地 adj. accidental 意外的,偶然的 反義詞 intentional 意外死亡 an accidental death accident n. 事故,意外 車禍 a car accident Accidentally=by chance=by accident

5、我偶然間發(fā)現(xiàn)了金礦 I found a gold mine by accident. remains 1）n. 剩余物,殘余物 殘湯剩飯 the remains of a meal 2）n. (古建筑等物)遺址,廢墟 圓明園遺址 the remains of Yuanmingyuan 3）n. 遺體,遺骸 毛主席的遺體被保存在水晶棺材里。 The remains of Chairman Mao were kept well in a crystal coffin. remain 1）v. 留下,剩下,遺留 大火之后，我的房子里什么也沒(méi)剩下。 After the fire, nothing re

6、mained in my house. 要做的事還很多。 Much remains to be done. 木已成舟 Whats done is done. 2）v. 仍是,保持不變 他保持沉默。 He remained silent. wire n. 金屬線，電線 他用一根金屬線把筐綁到了自行車上。 He tied a basket to the bicycle with a piece of wire. telephone wires 電話線 Electric wires 電線 wireless adj. 無(wú)線的 wireless telegraphy 無(wú)線電報(bào)volt n. 伏特 vol

7、tage n. 電壓,伏特?cái)?shù). power 1）電力，動(dòng)力 electric power 電力 water power 水力 2）力,能力 （自然的體力、智力） His power is failing. 他的體力在衰退。 3）權(quán)力,支配力,勢(shì)力 political power 政治權(quán)力 not within ones power= beyond ones power 力所不能及 我無(wú)法理解計(jì)算機(jī)是如何工作的。 It is beyond my power to understand how the computer works. solve v. 解決,解答,回答 =work out 解決問(wèn)題

8、 solve a problem 解開(kāi)謎團(tuán) solve a mystery 我們必須解決經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。 We must solve the economic crisis. n. solution 解決,解答 花費(fèi)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才找出解決方法。 It took a long time to find the solution. snatch 1）v. 搶,奪,掠取 snatch up 抓起來(lái) 賊把她的包抓起來(lái)逃跑了。 The thief snatched her bag and ran away. 在他媽媽剛要看那張紙的時(shí)候，他把它奪走了。 He snatched the paper as his m

9、other was about to see it. 2）v. (趁機(jī))迅速取得,急急忙忙吃完飯 他出其不意,吻了她一下。 He snathed a kiss from her.辨析 snatch 迅速而有力(粗魯?shù)?抓住,搶 snatch a chance grab 抓,搶,搶奪,抓住(熱切而拼命地) grab sth from sb/ grab sth from sth grasp 1) 抓住或咬住,抓緊 grasp a chance 抓住機(jī)會(huì) 2)掌握 grasp a language hold 抓住,握住,托住 .現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：have/has been+do

10、ing含義：含義：1）表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的）表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。2）表示在說(shuō)話時(shí)刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的）表示在說(shuō)話時(shí)刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)作。.與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別I have been writing a book.我一直在寫(xiě)一本書(shū)。我一直在寫(xiě)一本書(shū)。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去） I have written a book.我已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了一本書(shū)。我已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了一本書(shū)。（動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成（動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成.1. At last firemen have put out a big forest fi

11、re in California. 消防隊(duì)員們終于撲滅了加利福尼亞的一場(chǎng)森林大火。消防隊(duì)員們終于撲滅了加利福尼亞的一場(chǎng)森林大火。 （1）at last（終于，到底）表示經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力之后。（終于，到底）表示經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力之后。 （2）put out可以表示可以表示“撲滅撲滅”、“熄滅熄滅”、“關(guān)掉關(guān)掉”等等含義：含義： Please put the light/ fire out. 請(qǐng)把燈關(guān)掉把火滅掉。請(qǐng)把燈關(guān)掉把火滅掉。 （3）forest雖然是名詞，但在句中起形容詞的作用，修雖然是名詞，但在句中起形容詞的作用，修飾飾fire。 .2. Since then, they have been tr

12、ying to find out how the fire began. 從那時(shí)起，他們一直試圖找出起火的原因。從那時(shí)起，他們一直試圖找出起火的原因。 since then 從那時(shí)起，到現(xiàn)在為止從那時(shí)起，到現(xiàn)在為止find out （經(jīng)過(guò)研究、努力等）找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出（經(jīng)過(guò)研究、努力等）找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出我會(huì)試著查出昨天救了我的人的名字。我會(huì)試著查出昨天救了我的人的名字。Ill try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday.3. Forest fires are often caused by broken

13、 glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. 森林火災(zāi)時(shí)常由破碎的玻璃或人們隨手扔掉的香煙頭引起。森林火災(zāi)時(shí)常由破碎的玻璃或人們隨手扔掉的香煙頭引起。 cigarette ends 煙頭煙頭Throw away 扔掉，丟棄扔掉，丟棄Throw about 隨處扔隨處扔Throw at 扔向（有目標(biāo)性）扔向（有目標(biāo)性）Throw to 扔向（無(wú)目標(biāo)性扔向（無(wú)目標(biāo)性.4. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to

14、 find any broken glass. 昨天，消防隊(duì)員仔細(xì)查看了地面，但未能發(fā)現(xiàn)碎玻璃。昨天，消防隊(duì)員仔細(xì)查看了地面，但未能發(fā)現(xiàn)碎玻璃。 examine v. 檢查，名詞形式是檢查，名詞形式是examination, 通常簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)成通常簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)成exam, 表示考試。表示考試。 be able to 能夠能夠 ；be not able to 沒(méi)有能夠沒(méi)有能夠.5. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. 他們還十分肯定火災(zāi)也不是由煙頭引起的。他們還十分肯定火災(zāi)也不是由煙頭引起的。 quite

15、sure 相當(dāng)?shù)陌盐招韵喈?dāng)?shù)陌盐招詓tart a firecause a fire start vt. 使使發(fā)生，引起發(fā)生，引起.6. This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. 然而今天上午，一個(gè)消防隊(duì)員偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了起火的原因。然而今天上午，一個(gè)消防隊(duì)員偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了起火的原因。 Accidentally 表示事情出乎意料地發(fā)生，即表示事情出乎意料地發(fā)生，即 “意外地、意外地、偶然地偶然地” discover含有偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)（某個(gè)已經(jīng)存在的東西）的意思，含有偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)（某個(gè)已經(jīng)存在的東西）的意思，在在discov

16、er前面加上前面加上accidentally更加強(qiáng)了更加強(qiáng)了“偶然性偶然性”和和“意外性意外性”。 .7. he noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,.000-volt power line. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)了纏繞在16，000伏高壓線上的一條死蛇。 the remains表示表示“尸體尸體”、“殘骸殘骸”，必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式，必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式wound為為wind的過(guò)去分詞。的過(guò)去分詞。wind在這里不表示在這里不表示“蜿蜿蜒蜒”，而表示，而表示“卷在卷在上上”、“纏繞纏繞”，常與，

17、常與aroundround連用：連用： Did you wind this piece of wire round the tree? 是你把這根鐵絲纏在樹(shù)上的嗎？是你把這根鐵絲纏在樹(shù)上的嗎？ .8. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. 就這樣，他解開(kāi)了起火之謎。解釋很簡(jiǎn)單，卻異就這樣，他解開(kāi)了起火之謎。解釋很簡(jiǎn)單，卻異乎尋常。乎尋常。 Solve v. 解決解決 e.g. solve the problem 解決問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題 .9. A bird

18、 had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. 一只鳥(niǎo)把蛇從地上抓起來(lái)，然后把它扔到了電線上。于一只鳥(niǎo)把蛇從地上抓起來(lái)，然后把它扔到了電線上。于是蛇就纏住了幾根電線。是蛇就纏住了幾根電線。 snatch v. 抓抓 The man snatched her purse and ran. 那人抓起她的錢(qián)包就跑。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作很快很猛）那人抓起她的錢(qián)包就跑。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作很快很猛） drop & fall a. drop 表示表示 “使落下、使掉落使落下、使掉落”，是及物動(dòng)詞，是及物動(dòng)詞

19、, 帶賓語(yǔ)：帶賓語(yǔ)： He dropped the bag. b. fall 表示表示 “掉下、跌倒掉下、跌倒”，是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能帶賓，是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能帶賓語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)。 He fell down the stairs and broke his leg. .10. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. 于是蛇就纏住了幾根電線。當(dāng)它這樣做時(shí)，把火花送到了于是蛇就纏住了幾根

20、電線。當(dāng)它這樣做時(shí)，把火花送到了地面，這些火花立刻引起了一場(chǎng)大火。地面，這些火花立刻引起了一場(chǎng)大火。 When it did so當(dāng)它這樣做時(shí)當(dāng)它這樣做時(shí) so常用于一些動(dòng)詞之后，代指前面提過(guò)的某個(gè)動(dòng)作某件常用于一些動(dòng)詞之后，代指前面提過(guò)的某個(gè)動(dòng)作某件事，以免重復(fù)：事，以免重復(fù)： Has Susan got into University? I believe / think so. .本課所需掌握詞組本課所需掌握詞組: put out in this way since then solve the mystery find out snatch up throw away wind rou

21、nd .Comprehension questions1 Where was there a big forest fire? In California. 2 Have firemen put it out? Yes, they have. 3 What have they been trying to find out since then? How the fire began. 4 What are forest fires often caused by? Broken glass or cigarette ends. .5 People are careless, arent th

22、ey? Yes, they are. 6 When did the firemen examine the ground? Yesterday. 7 Did they find any broken glass? No, they didnt. 8 Did they think a cigarette end started the fire? No, theydidnt. .9 They were quite sure it didnt, werent they?(Yes, they were. )10 When was the cause discovered? (This morning

23、. )11 Who discovered it? (A fireman did. )12 Was it what he was looking for? (No, it wasnt. ).13 What did he notice? The remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16, 000-volt power line. .Asking questions：Ask me if T： theres been a big forest fire in California.S：Has there be

24、en a big forest fire in California?T：Where ?S：Where has been a big forest fire? .1 theres been a big forest fire in California. Where2 firemen have put it out. What / Who3 theyve been trying to discover the cause. What / Who4 fires are often caused by broken glass. What by / How / What5 theyre also

25、caused by cigarette ends. What else.6 the firemen examined the ground yesteday. When /What/ Who7 they looked for broken glass. What8 a fireman discovered the cause accidentally. How / What / Who.Key to Summary writingNow that firemen have put out a big forest fire in California,they have been trying

26、 to discover its cause. There was no evidencethat it was started by broken glass or a cigarette end. However a fireman has just solved the mystery. He noticed the remains of a snake which had been dropped by a bird on to some electric wires. In winding itself round the wires, the snake had sent spar

27、ks to the ground and this caused the fire.Key to KS ExercisesAWhat happened：began(1. 2); examined(1. 4);were not able tofind(1. 5); did not start(1. 6); discovered (1. 7); noticed(1.8);was wound(1. 8); was able to s olve(1. 9);dropped(1. 10); wound(1.11);it did so(1. 11); sent(1. 11);started (1. 11)

28、What has happened：have put out(1. 1)What has been happening：have been trying to find(1. 2).CJack looked at his watch for the twentieth time. Suddenly Jill arrived. Ive been waiting for over an hour, he said angrily. You never come on time. Oh, is that so?Jill answered. Were you here at 2. 30? Jack w

29、ent red. Well, he said, I got here five minutes late myself, but you werent here. I came here at exactly 2. 30, Jill said, and I waited for five minutes, but you didnt come. What have you been doing since then? Jack asked. Ive just been to the hairdressers，Jill answered brightly. c 根據(jù)課文第二行 they have

30、 been trying to find out how the fire began 可以判斷出只有c. wanted to find out what had caused the fire 最能說(shuō)明消防隊(duì)員仔細(xì)查看地面的原因，其他3個(gè)選擇都不夠全面。.2. d 根據(jù)課文第根據(jù)課文第10-12行行A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires When it I did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these im

31、mediately started a fire 可以判斷只有可以判斷只有d. a snake which had been dropped on to the wires by a bird 與課文的實(shí)際內(nèi)容相符，只有它是引起火災(zāi)的與課文的實(shí)際內(nèi)容相符，只有它是引起火災(zāi)的原因，其他原因，其他3個(gè)選擇都不符合課文的實(shí)際內(nèi)容。個(gè)選擇都不符合課文的實(shí)際內(nèi)容。 .3. a 只有a. since最合乎題目意思和語(yǔ)法。因?yàn)楸揪涫乾F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，只有since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)最適合于完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示“自從以來(lái)”，所以應(yīng)該選a.其他3個(gè)選擇都不能引導(dǎo)合適的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)。.4. c 本句表示時(shí)間的詞是本句表示時(shí)間

32、的詞是often, 表示經(jīng)表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，因此應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。常性的動(dòng)作，因此應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 a. is causing 是進(jìn)行時(shí)，是進(jìn)行時(shí)，b. has caused 是完成時(shí)，是完成時(shí)，d. is caused by 是是現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而本句需要主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而本句需要主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 只有只有c. causes 是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，第是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，第3人稱單數(shù)形式，本句人稱單數(shù)形式，本句的主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)Broken glass 是單數(shù)，所以是單數(shù)，所以c.最最符合語(yǔ)法，所以選符合語(yǔ)法，所以選c.5. c a. almost certain(幾乎肯定幾乎肯定)， b. fairly certain(相當(dāng)肯定相當(dāng)肯定)，c. completely certain(完全肯定完全肯定)， d. nearly certain(幾幾乎肯定乎肯定)4個(gè)選擇中只有個(gè)選擇中只有c. 同前一句中的同前一句中的quite sure(十分確信十分確信)意義最接近，所以選意義最接近，所以選c.6