定語從句考點(diǎn)解析

1、定語從句考點(diǎn)解析一、可以做定語的成分：She is a student.She is my student.She is a girl student.She is a clever student.She is an excellent 16-year-old girl student.She is an interesting student.She is the girl student (who was) invited to the party.She will be the only student to attend the international conference.Sh

2、e is the student who won the first prize in the English speaking competition.The girl student is studying in the classroom below.The girl student in tears was criticized by her headmaster just now.定語從句中的基本概念及知識例：(2011湖北八校一聯(lián)) The plane may be several hours late, _ (那樣的話) theres no point in our waitin

3、g. (case)in which case或and in that case定語從句的考點(diǎn)定從中判斷是用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞（關(guān)鍵是判斷句子成分）含occasion, situation, point, case, film, activity等特殊先行詞2. 非限制性定從（含as的固定表達(dá)）3. “whose引導(dǎo)的定從”與“the +n. +of + which/whom”的轉(zhuǎn)換或與“of + which/whom + the +n.”的轉(zhuǎn)換4. 表示整體與部分關(guān)系的定從：“數(shù)詞/代詞等+ of + which/whom” 5. 介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which/whom/whose) （含完全

4、倒裝的知識）6. 先行詞是way, reason后面的定從的幾種情況7. that引導(dǎo)的定從與同位語從句之間的區(qū)分問題8. 一些基本的定從中的注意事項： 指物時用which不用that的情況 指物時用that不用which的情況 指人時用who不用that的情況 指人時用that不用who的情況具體解析（一）定從中判斷是用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞（關(guān)鍵是判斷句子成分）含occasion, situation, point, case, film, activity等特殊先行詞1. 關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞？Ill never forget the year 1976 that / which was

5、full of sadness. My parents dont remember the exact date when I was born. I still remember the day (which / that) we spent together.I still remember the day when we played together.Do you know the reason why/for which he was absent? Have you asked her for the reason which / that may explain her abse

6、nce?He gave the reason which / that was unreasonable.What is the reason (which / that) he raised? I have reached a point in my life when / where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.Rice grows in the south where the weather is warm. 比較：Rice grows where the weather is warm. 2. 含occasion, situati

7、on, point, case, film, activity等特殊先行詞(a) 幾個特別的先行詞后的定語從句Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. After graduation she reached a point in her career where she needed to decide what to do. There are many situations where our ability to be ho

8、nest, responsible and reliable is put to the test. Please describe an occasion when someone gave you important help in a difficult situation. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction where she had come. (b) 練習(xí)：74.（赤壁一中2013屆高

9、一（下）英語周測一） Its helpful to put children in a situation _(他們可以看待) themselves differently. (see) where they can see79. （湖北省咸寧市2010-2011學(xué)年度下學(xué)期期末考試）The present children are especially fond of telling lies to their parents, _ (在這種情況下) parents should attach more importance to their inner desires. (case)in

10、which case練習(xí)重溫：This is not the case _ (我所談?wù)?. (talk)Can you think of a case _? (你被不公正對待)(treat)They came to a position _ (他們必須決定) what to do next. (decide)Generally speaking, the media can help solve problems and draw attention to the cases _ (需要幫助). (need) Keys: (that) Im talking about; where you w

11、ere treated unequally; where they had to decide; where help is needed非限制性定從（含as的固定表達(dá)）1. (2010湖北，80) _(正如我們強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣) many times, serve the people is our first policy. (stress) Key：As we have stressed/As has been stressed(2011湖北黃岡中學(xué)、黃石二中聯(lián)考) Its likely that such a question, if it can be called a question,

12、 _(你提的), cant be answered by any human beings. (raise)Key：as you have raised3. Dont talk about such things _ you do not understand.A. that B. where C. which D. as4. Ill never forget such an attractive city _ I spent many happy hours with my parents. A. that B. where C. because D. as“whose引導(dǎo)的定從”與“the

13、 +n. +of + which/whom”的轉(zhuǎn)換或與“of + which/whom + the +n.”的轉(zhuǎn)換1. (2010湖北華師一附中五月適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練) Willie has complained to the sales manager about the PC he bought _ (其屏幕爆炸) for no reason yesterday. (explode) 2. (湖北省咸寧市2010-2011學(xué)年度下學(xué)期期末考試, 76) George Orwell, _ (真名是) Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essay

14、s during his lifetime. (name)Keys：1. whose screen exploded或the screen of which exploded或of which the screen explodedwhose real name was或the real name of whom was或of whom the real name was表示整體與部分關(guān)系的定從1. (2011湖北武漢部分學(xué)校聯(lián)考) There are two thousand students in our school, _ (其中三分之二) are girls. (whom) (2011

15、湖北武昌11月調(diào)研) The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_ (80%的產(chǎn)品銷往國外). (sell)The old man has two sons, _ (年長的那個是位醫(yī)生)。(elder)Keys: 1. of whom two thirds或two-thirds of whom; 2. of which are sold abroad; 3. the elder of whom is a doctor(五) 介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which/whom/whose) （含完全倒裝的知識）1. (2

16、009湖北，80) Learning strategies, to _ (老師們認(rèn)為) importance, have not yet drawn enough attention of students. (attach) 2. (2010湖北黃岡中學(xué)五月二模) The house _ (他付了) a large sum of money last year is now worth twice as much. (pay)3. (2012年第27期雙語報) She is looking for her mobile phone, _ (沒有它她覺得) as if she were cut

17、 off from the outside world. (feel)Keys: 1. which (the) teachers attach/have attached; 2. for which he paid; 3. without which she feels4. We arrived at a farm house _ (一位老男人坐在其前面). (sit)5. I stay at the hotel _ (一個小花園坐落其后). (lie) 6. There used to be a mountain, _ (山里有座廟) (stand)Keys: 4. in front of

18、which sat an old man; 5. at the back of which lies a small garden; 6. on the top of which stood a temple先行詞是reason , way 后面的定從的幾種情況選修六Unit 2中學(xué)過一個固定句型The reason why/for which is/was that 意為“的原因是”1. 我遲到的原因是我錯過了早班車。 The reason why I was late was that I missed the first bus.2. reason做先行詞后面的定從的幾種情況：1) Do

19、 you know the reason why/for which he was absent?2) Have you asked her for the reason which / that may explain her absence?3) He gave the reason which / that was unreasonable.練習(xí)：4) The reason _ (他向我解釋的) the other day is that he was ill.5) Can you tell me the reason _ _ (汽車壞掉) ? (break)6) The reason

20、_ (汽車壞掉) caused the accident. (break)Keys: 4) (that) he explained to me; 5) why/ for which the car broke down; 6) that the car broke down注：句6）中的that從句時同位語從句，而不是定語從句。練一練：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。1). Do you know the reason _ he is absent? 你知道他為什么不在嗎？2). He gave the reason _ was unreasonable. 他給出一個沒道理的理由。3). What is

21、the reason _ he raised? 他提出的理由是什么? 4). Have you asked her for the reason _ may explain her absence?5). The reason _ Steven Spielberg could not go to the Film Academy was that his grades were too low.Keys：1). why/for which; 2). that/ which; 3). (that/which); 4). that/ which; 5).why/for whichway做先行詞后面

22、的定從的幾種情況:Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression.(選修六Unit 2)in a way 以一種方式此時例句中的way在定從中充當(dāng)主語；再如：e.g.：We should help the poor student in a way that wont hurt his self-respect.說明：當(dāng)先行詞way在定從中充當(dāng)主語時，關(guān)系詞可以用that/which(除非有些情況中way被最高級或者some等修飾時就只能用t

23、hat而不能用which了，詳見第（八）點(diǎn)第條). 當(dāng)先行詞way在定從中充當(dāng)表語時，關(guān)系詞只能用that.先行詞是way的時候，且在定從中充當(dāng)狀語，則關(guān)系詞有三種：that /in which/無先行詞是way的時候，且在定從中充當(dāng)賓語，則關(guān)系詞有三種：that /which/省略練一練：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。I dont understand the way _ they worked out the problem.I dont like the way _ he often uses to speak to me.The way _ he explained to me was simp

24、le.The way _ he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.He suggested that we should solve the problem in a way _ was peaceful.Keys: 1). that/in which/無; 做狀語 2). that/which/省略; 做賓語 3). that/which/省略 做賓語; 4). that/in which/無; 做狀語 5). that/which; 做主語 一些基本的定從中的注意事項：指物時用which不用that的情

25、況1). 指物，關(guān)系代詞在介詞后。如：I will never forget the day on which I joined the army. 2). 先行詞本身就是that時。What is that which flashed in the sky just now?指物時用that不用which的情況:1) 先行詞是all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, no one, some等不定代詞。Is there anything that I can do for you?2) 先行詞被all, ever

26、y, no, some, little, few, much, one of , the only, the very, the right等所修飾時。The only thing that he could do was waiting. 3) 先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。This is the first film that Ive ever seen. The best place that they visited was Beijing.4) 先行詞中既有人又有物時。We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools t

27、hat we had visited.先行詞被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修飾時。The last place that they visited was Beijing.6) 在疑問詞who, which, what開頭的句子中, 要用that。Whoever that is content with a little progress cant make big achievements.關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語只用that。 He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no l

28、onger the dirty place that it used to be.主句是there be句型時。如：There is a table in the corner that is still free.有兩個定從，一個定從的關(guān)系代詞已用which, 另一個要用that. 如：They have set up a factory which produces things that have never been seen before. 指人時用who不用that的情況注意, 先行詞是人時一般不受上述中提到的只能用that情況的限制。但是：當(dāng)主句是以 who 開頭的特殊疑問句時,

29、 為了避免重復(fù), 最好不用who來引導(dǎo)定語從句, 而用that(賓格可以用whom)來引導(dǎo)。b. 當(dāng)先行詞是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those等, 指人時一般用who, 不用that.Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. c. 當(dāng)先行詞和定語從句相隔離時宜用who。I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could asked me questions in Chine

30、sed. 當(dāng)一個句子帶有兩個定語從句時, 其中一個用that另一個宜用who。The man that you met in the street yesterday is the one who stole your wallet. 指人時用that不用who的情況在以疑問詞who開頭的句子中, 或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時, 用that, 不用who.Who is the man that is shouting there?She is not the girl that she used to be.定語從句完成句子練習(xí)1._(正如我們強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣) many times, serve t

31、he people is our first policy. (stress)2. Learning strategies, to _ (老師們認(rèn)為) importance, have not yet drawn enough attention of students. (attach)The city _ (我成長的) is very hot and damp in summer.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ (那時候聽眾可以購買) ice-cream. (buy)English is a language s

32、hared by several diverse cultures, _ (每種文化使用) it somewhat differently.A bank is the place _ (他們借給你) an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. (lend)Julie was good at German, French and Russian, _ (她都講) fluently. (speak)It is the most instructive lecture _ (參加) since I c

33、ame to this school. (attend)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, _ (其中很多人離開) their village homes for a better life in the city. (leave)After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, _ (結(jié)果它是) a wise decision. (turn)The newly-built cafe, _ (其墻壁被粉刷) light green, is real

34、ly a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. (paint)Could I speak to _ (無論誰負(fù)責(zé)) International Sales please? (charge)Theyve won their last three matches, _ (我覺得這很驚訝) actually. (find)_ (眾所周知) is that Africa had contacts with India from the earliest times. (know)Oh! The Geli times is coming!

35、_ (據(jù)報道), Geli, a new Chinglish word, has been shown on the New York Times as well as China Daily. (report)In order to make the coffee clean and tidy, the secretary threw away all the newspapers, _ (其中有一些從未被看過). (read)Ill go back to the place _ (把我養(yǎng)大的) and live forever. (bring)My sisters, _ (她們的照片我給你

36、看過) yesterday, will come to see us this evening. (show)The plane may be several hours late, _ (那樣的話) theres no point in our waiting. (case)The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ (產(chǎn)品銷往國外). (sell)Fruit and vegetables are grown in areas _(有充足雨水的地方). (be)Yesterday we listen

37、ed to a speech made by the professor, _ (他的研究旨在) improving agriculture. (aim)A number of children _ (父母遇難了的) in the earthquake were sent to live with families in other cities. (kill)The house _ (他付了) a large sum of money last year is now worth twice as much. (pay)Willie has complained to the sales m

38、anager about the PC he bought _ (其屏幕爆炸) for no reason yesterday. (explode)Its likely that such a question, if it can be called a question, _(你提的), cant be answered by any human beings. (raise)I called the clothing agent _ (我發(fā)現(xiàn)她的電話號碼) on the Internet. (find)All the students show respect for their Eng

39、lish teacher, _ (在他的幫助下) they have made great progress. (assistance)There are two thousand students in our school, _ (其中三分之二) are girls. (whom)A healthy diet should include a variety of food, _ (大部分富含) nutrients. (rich)There are many kinds of birds on the island, and over 140 species of snakes, _ (其

40、中許多) are extremly ganderous. (many)It was at the church _ (我領(lǐng)你參觀) last weekend that the accident took place. (show)Medical researchers have painfully realized that there are many problems _ (他們沒有找到) any solutions so far. (find)According to their memory, the couple finally arrived _ (他們偶遇的地方) each other for the first time. (com