模塊四第二單元語法——情態(tài)動詞

1、情態(tài)動詞的用法1. 情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對_的態(tài)度，可以表示_等之意。2. 情態(tài)動詞沒有_的變化。但不能_動詞用，必須和不帶to的不定式連用構成謂語動詞。只有情態(tài)動詞ought要和帶to的動詞不定式連用，在句中作謂語用。3. 將情態(tài)動詞置于主語之前即構成其_，在情態(tài)動詞之后加not既構成其_。 【情態(tài)動詞的語法特征 】某一動作或狀態(tài)“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必須”或“應當”人稱和數單獨作謂語疑問式否定式can couldmay mightshall shouldwill would must ought todare (darent)need (neednt) modal verbs I.

2、表示能力: can, could, be able to be able to 能用于各種時態(tài)。 can / could 只能表示現在或過去的能力。 was / were able to : “設法做成某事” 相當于 managed to do sth. succeeded in doing sth.1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might notA 2. The fire spread through the hotel very q

3、uickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able toDII.表示許可: may / might, can / could might, could 比較委婉, 一般多用于疑問句.can, may 表達的語言比較隨便.在以could, might 表示征詢對方意見或表示請求時，回答應相應使用can, may.特殊用法：may/might well 很可能 may/might as well 不妨，最好1. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course yo

4、u _. A. might B. will C. can D. should2. May I pick a flower in the garden? _. A. No,you neednt B. Not,please C. No,you mustnt D. No,you wontCCIII.表示推測情態(tài)動詞的重要用法. can , could ,may ,might ,must 皆可用來表示推測，其用法如下：情態(tài)動詞 將來或現在 正在進行 過去 must can, could may, might + V. + be doing + have done + V. + be doing + h

5、ave done + V. + be doing + have done 情態(tài)動詞 含義 適用句型 must can/could可能，或許 肯定句,否定句 一定，必須 肯定句 可能，或許 否定句，疑問句 may/might特殊用法：can用在肯定句中，表示客觀可能性高考考題:1. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep A. must be B. mu

6、st have been C. should be D. should have beenB B 3. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 4. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold so

7、metimes. A.must B.can C.should D.would D B 用can, could, may, might 填空：1.-Is John coming by train?-He should, but _not. He likes driving his car.2.Peter_come with us tonight, but he isnt sure yet.3.Sorry Im late. I _have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.4.That_not be Mary. She

8、is in hospital.5.How _you be so stupid?may/mightmightmay/mightcancan. 表示 必須、應該的情態(tài)動詞的用法:must 表示“必須”、“應該”之意， 其意與have to相近。其否定式mustnt，表示“不準”、“不許可”或“禁止”之意. 特殊用法：must表示“偏要，非要” 對以must提出的疑問句，如作否定回答時，要用neednt或用dont (doesnt) have to (不 必)來回答，而不用mustnt。- Must we finish the work tomorrow? - No, you _ , but you

9、 _finishit in three days.neednt (dont have to)must. shall和 should的用法shall1.shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中、表示說話人征求對方的意見或向對方請示。例如： Shall we begin our lesson? 2. shall用于第二、第三人稱陳述句，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅例如： You shall fail if you dont work harder He shall have the book when I finish reading He shall be punished.警告允諾威脅

10、should： should表示“建議”或“勸告”，有“應該”之意，與ought to 同義。ought to表示根據某種義務或必要“應當”做某事，語氣比should強。在疑問句中，通常用should代替ought to。 特殊用法：should表示“竟然” 表示推測，注意與must表示推測時的區(qū)別： He must be home by now .(斷定他已到家) He should/ought to be home by now .(不十分肯定) 1. 一What does the sign over there read? 一“No person _ smoke or carry a l

11、ighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”Awill Bmay Cshall D. mustC2 - I think Ill give Bob a ring. - You _. You havent been in touch with him for ages. A. will B. mayC. have to D. shouldD3. - When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _ be ready by 12:00. A. must B. s

12、hould C. may D. needB1.表意愿：If you will wait, the manager will be here soon.If you will take off your clothes, we will try the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.2.表請求: Will you please ?3.特殊用法：表習慣性動作:Fish _die without water. Whenever he meets me, he _over and say hello to me. VI. will和would用法w

13、illwillwill come would可表示過去反復發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向，有“總是、總會”等意思。would表過去習慣時比used to正式，并沒有“現已無此習慣”的含義。例如：During the vacation he would visit me every week在疑問句中，用于第二人稱，表示說話人向對方提出請求或許問對方的意愿時，比用will的氣更加婉轉，如： Would you like some more coffee? would情態(tài)動詞 (+動詞原形)行為動詞 needdare多用與否定句,疑問句，或條件句中;常以neednt 和darent 的形式出現;dare有其

14、過去時dared. 多用于肯定句 need to do dare to do .可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：need 、 dare判斷正誤: How dare you say such a thing? He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes needed be cleaned carefully.1.They _ to walk in the street at night. A. didnt dare B.

15、 not dared C. not dare D. dared not2.I dare to climb that tall tree over there, but _ ?A. dare you B. do you C. are you D. would you3. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may notABC1. must have done3. may have done/ might have done4.

16、needt have done5. should have done/ shouldnt have done6. could have done 7. would have done / wouldnt have done2. cant have done/ couldnt have doneVIII. 情態(tài)動詞+ have +過去分詞1.-Guess what! I have got A for my term paper. -Great! You _read widely and put a lot of work into it.A. must B. shouldC. must have

17、 D. should have2.The plant is dead. I _ it more water.A. should have given B. will give C. would give D. must give3.- I stayed at a hotel while in New York. - Oh, did you? You _with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed CAA4.Why didnt you tell me there was no meeting today? I _ all the way here through the heavy snow.A. neednt have driven B. cant have driven C. must have driven D. shouldnt have driven5. -I wonder why Mr. Lin didnt