外國(guó)語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)翻譯2001試卷答案

1、外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)2001 年入學(xué)試卷英語(yǔ)翻譯專業(yè)I. Translate the following sentenranslating each of them.（30%）o Chi. Explain what translation technique you use1. The crowd fello respectful silence.The worsening situation soon forced him back to the negotiating table.Aspirin, like Cora Cola and Levis, is one of only a handful

2、of brands to have transcended cultures, borders and generations to enjoy almost universal recognition.They sky darkened, soon snow was falling in a discouraging abundance.5. As children can absorb only so much aime, dole out praise in small but frequent doses.There is no pot so uglyt it cant find a

3、lid.The uneventful dignity of his life makes for a biography which it would be old to be thrilled by and which it would be insensitive not to be stirred by.8. The stars twinkledhe transparent clarity of the sky.9. The doctor is examining the ratpoor child.t carries the flearbors the germt infected t

4、he10. Povertyhe develocountries has been ascribed by the North to low productivity,inappropriate domestic policies and inadequate national effort. Translate the followino passageso Chi:（30%）1. One has the leisure of July for perceiving all the differenof the green of leaves. It is nolonger a differe

5、nce in degrees of maturity, for all the trees have darkened to their final tone, andstandheir difference of character and not mere date. Almost all the green is grave, not sad andnot dull. Is a darkened anily color,ajestic but not obvious harmony with dark grayskies, and might look, to inconstant ey

6、es, as prosaic after spring as eleven oclock looks after thedawn.2. For truly sucsful translating, biculturalism is even more importantt bilingualism,since words only have meaningerms of the cultures in which they function. Dictionaries andencyclopedias are important source of strategic cultural inf

7、ormation, but they can never take theplace ofal involvement in a foreign society. This is one of the reasons why most programsfor the training of translators andreters requiret students spendeast six months to ayear in each of the countries where the students acquired languages are spoken. Only by b

8、eing inthe countries in which a foreign language is spoken can one acquire the nesary sensitivity to thespel meaning of words and phrases. Translate the following senteno English:（20%）大業(yè)，是這一代人的歷史1回歸祖國(guó)，完成。2你要避免同唱反調(diào)，否則他不會(huì)你。他站在那里，嘴里叼著煙斗，手里拿著帽子。不要什么都搞一刀切，有區(qū)別才有政策。人有喜慶不可生嫉妒心；人有禍患不可生欣喜心。6家里人都不太愛(ài)寫信。7如果把“安全”

9、二字放在心上，那么事故就會(huì)少得多。會(huì)議改期，時(shí)間另行通知。外面很黑，腳底不平，她磕磕絆絆地走著。深冬雪后，風(fēng)景凄清，懶散和懷舊的心情連接起來(lái)，我意暫寓在城的旅館了。. Translate the following passageo English:（20%）中年的調(diào)子（節(jié)選）-中年人剛剛揖別青年，還留戀少年，骨頭里還是童年。只數(shù)聲鴿哨，幾粒青皮絳桃，一大疊表格，就把金色年華騙過(guò)了。實(shí)在于心不甘。所以他常常撓首躊躇：既愿意快快成長(zhǎng)，又希望他永遠(yuǎn)如桃大，如苗青，切莫滾瓜爛熟，長(zhǎng)大成精。他心里還留點(diǎn)淘氣，卻偏要裝出老成世故，惟有與孩子玩耍，才能夠一展懷抱。他借口逗孩子，做出幼稚的動(dòng)作而不必臉紅；他

10、自己想蕩秋千，就佯裝教孩子蕩秋千；自己想吃零食，就謊稱這零食是買給孩子的。他覺(jué)得沒(méi)有底氣引吭高歌，現(xiàn)在面對(duì)孩子，他至少要擺擺姿態(tài)。很多場(chǎng)合，他本來(lái)是要發(fā)脾氣的，現(xiàn)在能夠忍耐，而他恰好發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多忍而不發(fā)的愚蠢話，講給孩子聽，全是最生動(dòng)最受歡迎的。部分：外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)2001 年入學(xué)試卷英語(yǔ)翻譯專業(yè)I. Translate the following sentenranslating each of them.（30%）o Chi. Explain what translation technique you use1. The crowd fello respectful silence.The w

11、orsening situation soon forced him back to the negotiating table.Aspirin, like Cora Cola and Levis, is one of only a handful of brands to have transcended cultures, borders and generations to enjoy almost universal recognition.They sky darkened, soon snow was falling in a discouraging abundance.5. A

12、s children can absorb only so much aime, dole out praise in small but frequent doses.There is no pot so uglyt it cant find a lid.The uneventful dignity of his life makes for a biography which it would be old to be thrilled by and which it would be insensitive not to be stirred by.8. The stars twinkl

13、edhe transparent clarity of the sky.9. The doctor is examining the ratpoor child.t carries the flearbors the germt infected the10. Povertyhe develocountries has been ascribed by the North to low productivity,inappropriate domestic policies and inadequate national effort.譯文和翻譯技巧：1人群安靜下來(lái)，以示尊敬。Turn the

14、 ally,2情況adjective respectful, which modifies the whole sentence instead of silencesemo a separate clause to make the Chiver了，很快他被迫回到談判桌前。sound more idiomatic.Turn the adjective worseningo a verb and the subject of the original sentenceo a clauseand the original objecto the subject of the Chiver.了文化

15、界限、國(guó)界而在各個(gè)時(shí)代都3像可口可樂(lè)和利維（著名牛仔褲品牌）這樣得到全球公認(rèn)的知名品牌不多，阿斯匹林也是其中之一。Split the sentenceo two clauses. And change word sequence.4天黑了下來(lái)，很快雪下大了，真讓人灰心喪氣。Turn the adjective discouraging, which modifies peoples mood instead of the snowsemally,o a separate clause.5小孩理解能力有限，雖然應(yīng)該經(jīng)常表?yè)P(yáng)，但是每次只要稍微意思一下就行。Bring out the hidden

16、meaning of the word of absorb and turn the noun praiseo verb andthe adjective frequento adverb.6再難看的罐子也可以找到蓋子來(lái)配。Bring our the hidden meaning of the sentence by turning a negative way of expressing itive one.o a他的一生沒(méi)發(fā)生過(guò)什么大事然不失尊嚴(yán)，讀他的傳記如果感到很興奮是不正常的，但如果根本沒(méi)有觸動(dòng)，又似乎有點(diǎn)太麻木了。Split the sentence. Add verbs.繁星閃爍

17、，夜空清澈得仿佛透明了一般。Split the sentenceo two clauses and add explanations in order to retahe images withoutcausing misunderstanding.9的跳蚤。Split the long modifying clause，醫(yī)生正在檢查攜帶跳蚤的老鼠/老鼠身上的孩子受到了跳蚤攜帶細(xì)菌的o short ones in order to make the meaning clear and makethe Chivermore idiomatic.10北半球的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家將發(fā)展中國(guó)家的貧困歸因于生產(chǎn)力低

18、下，國(guó)民不夠努力。策不合理，國(guó)Change the passive voiceo the active voice, which is more frequently employed inChiand change word order to make the translation more idiomatic. Translate the followino passageso Chi:（30%）1. One has the leisure of July for perceiving all the differenof the green of leaves. It is nolon

19、ger a difference in degrees of maturity, for all the trees have darkened to their final tone, andstandheir difference of character and not mere date. Almost all the green is grave, not sad andnot dull. Is a darkened anily color,ajestic but not obvious harmony with dark grayskies, and might look, to

20、inconstant eyes, as prosaic after spring as eleven oclock looks after thedawn.2. For truly sucsful translating, biculturalism is even more importantt bilingualism,since words only have meaningerms of the cultures in which they function. Dictionaries andencyclopedias are important source of strategic

21、 cultural information, but they can never take theplace ofal involvement in a foreign society. This is one of the reasons why most programsfor the training of translators andreters requiret students spendeast six months to ayear in each of the countries where the students acquired languages are spok

22、en. Only by being inthe countries in which a foreign language is spoken can one acquire the nesary sensitivity to thespel meaning of words and phrases.譯文：1七月，人們有空閑來(lái)觀察不同樹葉的綠色之間有何差別。到這時(shí)節(jié)，所有樹的顏色都已經(jīng)變到最深，因此樹葉顏色不同已經(jīng)與樹木是否長(zhǎng)成無(wú)關(guān)，產(chǎn)生區(qū)別的原因在于樹木本身的特性而不僅僅是時(shí)間問(wèn)題。幾乎所有的綠色都顯得很莊嚴(yán)，既不傷感也不乏味。綠色是一種常見的深顏色，在灰色天空的映襯下顯得雄偉壯麗，但若不細(xì)

23、看這壯美是看不出來(lái)的，某些靠不住/變化無(wú)常的眼睛在欣賞過(guò)美麗的春光以后再看這景色可能覺(jué)得很是平淡無(wú)趣，就像看過(guò)2因?yàn)榈拿谰霸倏粗形缡稽c(diǎn)的景色感覺(jué)一樣。只有在文化中起作用，才會(huì)被賦予意義，所以要想把翻譯工作真正做好，精通兩種文化比懂得兩種語(yǔ)言更為重要。字典和百科全書固然是獲取關(guān)鍵文化信息的重要來(lái)源，然而這些永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法取代在外國(guó)文化中獲得的親身體驗(yàn)。因此，多數(shù)筆譯口譯培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃都要求學(xué)生在以所學(xué)語(yǔ)言為母語(yǔ)/講他們所學(xué)語(yǔ)言的每個(gè)國(guó)家都待上至少半年時(shí)間。只有以所學(xué)外語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)/講所學(xué)外語(yǔ)的國(guó)家，才能培養(yǎng)出對(duì)、短語(yǔ)特殊涵義必要的敏感性。. Translate the following senteno En

24、glish:（20%）大業(yè)，是這一代人的歷史使命。1回歸祖國(guó)，完成2你要避免同唱反調(diào)，否則他不會(huì)你。他站在那里，嘴里叼著煙斗，手里拿著帽子。不要什么都搞一刀切，有區(qū)別才有政策。人有喜慶不可生嫉妒心；人有禍患不可生欣喜心。6家里人都不太愛(ài)寫信。如果把“安全”二字放在心上，那么事故就會(huì)少得多。會(huì)議改期，時(shí)間另行通知。外面很黑，腳底不平，她磕磕絆絆地走著。深冬雪后，風(fēng)景凄清，懶散和懷舊的心情連接起來(lái)，我竟暫寓在 S 城的了。旅館Translation:1. It is a historical misof our generation to havereturn to the motherland

25、and toplish the great cause of reunification of the nation.2. You should avoid going against yours, or you wont be promoted.3. He was standing there wipipe in his mound a hat in his hand.4.t ime uniformity on the implemenion of all the policies. Where there is nodifferentiation there is no policy.5.

26、bad luck.ot feel jealous when otheople are in/have good luck or feel happy when they have6. No oney family is very much a letter writer.7. Accidents wille fewer if we bear the word “safety”ind.8. The meeting will be held some other time and you will be notified of the time later.9. She stumbled alon

27、g on the uneven groundhe darkness outside.10. It is the depth of wer and the snow had just stopped. The scene is sad and cold.Betn laziness and nostalgia, I stayed temporarilyhe Luosi Hoof S city. Translate the following passageo English:（20%）中年的調(diào)子（節(jié)選）-中年人剛剛揖別青年，還留戀少年，骨頭里還是童年。只數(shù)聲鴿哨，幾粒青皮絳桃，一大疊表格，就把金色

28、年華騙過(guò)了。實(shí)在于心不甘。所以他常常撓首躊躇：既愿意快快成長(zhǎng)，又希望他永遠(yuǎn)如桃大，如苗青，切莫滾瓜爛熟，長(zhǎng)大成精。他心里還留點(diǎn)淘氣，卻偏要裝出老成世故，惟有與孩子玩耍，才能夠一展懷抱。他借口逗孩子，做出幼稚的動(dòng)作而不必臉紅；他自己想蕩秋千，就佯裝教孩子蕩秋千；自己想吃零食，就謊稱這零食是買給孩子的。他覺(jué)得沒(méi)有底氣引吭高歌，現(xiàn)在面對(duì)孩子，他至少要擺擺姿態(tài)。很多場(chǎng)合，他本來(lái)是要發(fā)脾氣的，現(xiàn)在能夠忍耐，而他恰好發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多忍而不發(fā)的愚蠢話，講給孩子聽，全是最生動(dòng)最受歡迎的。Translation:The Tune of Middle Age (extracts) by Chen ZhenMiddle-aged people have just waved goodbye to their youth, are still lingering on theiradolescence, and remaseveral pigeono be childrenheir heart of hearts. Their golden years elapsed betns, a handful of green and red peaches, and a large stack of forms. What apity! There