第二部分第九講定語從句

1、考點精析專題講座語法綜合演練第九講定語從句考點一考點二考點三考點四1whose用來指人或物，在定語從句中只作定語。Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.(摘自2010北京高考)很少進行體育鍛煉或飲食富含脂肪的孩子體重會增加很快。The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.(摘自2010陜西高考)在暴風(fēng)雨中房頂嚴重受損的廟宇正在維修。2who, whom, that這些詞代替的先

2、行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school who I met in the English speech contest last year.(摘自2010湖南高考)我已與去年在英語演講比賽中遇到的我校的幾個學(xué)生成為了好朋友。3which, that所代替的先行詞是表示事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station which you can hire to reach

3、your host family.(摘自2011上海高考)在公共汽車站你會發(fā)現(xiàn)有出租車在那里等，你可以租(一輛)去主人家里。I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone elses fault.(摘自2010全國卷)我拒絕因別人的過錯而承擔(dān)責(zé)任。4關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的先行詞是表示時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister where she wou

4、ld stay for an hour.(摘自2010江西高考)小女孩準備在培訓(xùn)中心與她的妹妹一起上鋼琴課，在那里她可以呆一小時。The reason why I dont trust him is that he often tells lies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒謊。點津先行詞是時間名詞或地點名詞時，如果在從句中不作狀語，則不能用when或where引導(dǎo)定語從句，而要用which/that。Remember that there is still one point which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.記住在明天的

5、會議上我們還有一點必須弄清楚。Shes in a hopeless situation, where we will keep a very close eye on her.她處于無望的處境中，在這種情況下我們將密切注意她。5the way后面定語從句的關(guān)系詞在定語從句中，the way 是一個比較特殊的先行詞，當(dāng)它在從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語時，其后的關(guān)系詞可以是in which, that或省略；但是當(dāng)它在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語等成分時，其后的關(guān)系詞就用that或which。The way that/which I thought of to solve this problem proves t

6、o be practical.(先行詞作賓語)我想到的解決這個問題的方法證明是可行的。I dont like the way (that/in which) you solve the problem.(先行詞作方式狀語)我不喜歡你解決問題的方法。1I remember early spring mornings _ to sit quietly and then read me books.(tell)我記得早春的那些早晨，那時祖母常常讓我靜靜地坐著并給我讀書。答案：when my grandmother would tell me2Nowadays young people just ca

7、nt live without the Internet, _ for whatever information they need.(depend)現(xiàn)在，年輕人離開了因特網(wǎng)簡直不能活，他們依靠因特網(wǎng)能獲得所需要的任何信息。答案：which they depend on 1在“介詞關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞的賓語只能是which或whom且不可省略。In the dark street，there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上沒有一個人能為她提供幫助。He lived in a big house, in

8、 front of which stood a big tall tree.他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵大樹。2“介詞which/whom不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。The poor man has no house in which to live.那個可憐的人沒有房子住。3“ofwhich/whom”表示所屬關(guān)系。(表所屬關(guān)系也可用whose)Recently I bought an ancient vase, the price of which ( whose price) was very reasonable.最近我買了個古代的花瓶，它的價錢很合理。1I found many people,

9、_， quarrelling outside.(know)我發(fā)現(xiàn)許多人在外面吵架，他們中的大多數(shù)我不認識。答案：most of whom I didnt know2The engineer spoke highly of the governments efforts, _ his safe return from Libya.(owe)工程師高度評價政府的努力，他把從利比亞完全返回歸功于此。答案：to which he owed1as引導(dǎo)的定語從句用在the same .as, such .as, as .as, so .as結(jié)構(gòu)中， as可以作主語、賓語或表語，可以用來代替先行詞。They

10、 could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.他們只能讀類似這樣的一些簡易英語改寫的故事。(as作主語)These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.這些房子以人們期望的低價出售。(as作賓語)He is not the same man as he was.他和過去不同了。(as作表語)點津(1)such .as .(定語從句)像那樣such .that .(狀語從句)如此以致于This is such an easy qu

11、estion as I can answer.(定語從句)這是一個我能回答的簡單問題。This is such an easy question that I can answer it.(狀語從句)這是個簡單的問題，我能回答。(2)the same .as .表示相似的東西the same .that .表示同一人或物This is the same knife as I lost.這把小刀和我丟的那把一樣。This is the same knife that I lost.這把小刀就是我丟的那一把。2關(guān)系代詞as, which的區(qū)別(1)as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，既可在主句前，又可在主

12、句后，有時還可插入主句中，而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能置于主句之后。After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision.(摘自2010四川高考)大學(xué)畢業(yè)后我抽出一部分時間去旅游，事實證明這是一個明智的選擇。(2)當(dāng)非限制性定語從句放在主句前面時，只能用as。As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. It is

13、known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.(名詞性從句) What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.(名詞性從句)眾所周知，月球每月繞地球一次。(3)as意為“正如”，后面的謂語動詞多是see, know, expect, say, mention, report, announce等； which意為“這一點”。A war is so cruel that it

14、 always causes great losses, as has happened in Libya.戰(zhàn)爭是如此的殘酷以致于總是帶來巨大損失，正如利比亞所發(fā)生的事情一樣。Tom has made rapid progress, which makes me very happy.湯姆進步很快，這使我很高興。1Several Western countries made a surprise attack on Libya, _ and many suffering a lot.(leave)一些西方國家突襲利比亞，使許多人死去，許多人遭受苦難。答案：which left many peo

15、ple dead2It is such a difficult problem _ .(work)那是個無人能解決的難題。答案：as no one can work out 定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞的后面，但有時候也會被插入語、同位語、狀語、謂語或其他定語等成分分隔。如果是隔開了的定語從句，則要先根據(jù)句意找到先行詞，然后再進行句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析。 Because of the financial crisis, days are gone when local 5star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.(摘自2009江蘇高考) 由于金融危機，當(dāng)?shù)匚逍羌壻e館一晚索價6000元的日子一去不復(fù)返了。 Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids. 我有時間和孩子們一起度過一天的機會很少。1The Internet is a huge computer system _ millio