GMATOG語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)講義236條

1、 GMAT OG語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)講義236條GMAT OG語(yǔ)法第三遍終于做完了，隨手整理了一些OG中的重點(diǎn)(結(jié)合OG題后解釋和XDF課堂的講解)，希望對(duì)大家有用，有錯(cuò)誤的地方也請(qǐng)大家批評(píng)，哈哈。下面的編號(hào)是與OG的題號(hào)一致的。1.現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)重復(fù)性;定語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)一次性2.A of B結(jié)構(gòu)中，A是中心詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與A一致the size of Colorados錯(cuò)of用于沒(méi)生命的對(duì)象(如國(guó)家United States of America)s用于有生命的對(duì)象(樹(shù)沒(méi)有生命)3. to do A, to do B, and to do C對(duì)to do A, do B, and do C對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可否省，亦看

2、第二個(gè)肯定句用and，否定句用or僅有no/not代表否定句5. 句中出現(xiàn)any，要判斷是否為語(yǔ)氣詞(強(qiáng)烈語(yǔ)氣)，若是，則要保留。6. 主語(yǔ)作 賓語(yǔ) 優(yōu)先使用名詞(在名詞與Ving之間)所有格結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語(yǔ)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語(yǔ)try to do/try doing對(duì)try that/try and do 錯(cuò)7. n+that+be+adj錯(cuò)人+that+be+adj錯(cuò)9. believe thatbelieve sb/sth to bethat引導(dǎo)賓從不可省，引導(dǎo)定從可省the infinitive “to be” is more appropriate that the limited present

3、-tense “is” in referring to an event that occurred long ago but have been discovered only recently.10. however表強(qiáng)烈語(yǔ)氣，不能忽略there be 表自然存在狀態(tài)語(yǔ)氣詞不能省11. 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)(doing/done，介詞+分詞，連詞+分詞)的省略結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)是后面主句的主語(yǔ)base/compare只用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)12. 同一句話中，相同的代詞(可能不同格)必須指代相同的對(duì)象代詞先于主句出現(xiàn)，一般指主句主語(yǔ)，但在下句中則指代不清：New small business are not sub

4、ject to the applicability of formulas for cash flow and the ratio of debt to equity in the same way as established big business, because they are growing and are seldom in equilibrium.13. soar, rise, raise, increase, grow 出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)則語(yǔ)義重復(fù)動(dòng)詞優(yōu)于抽象名詞when rates means “prices charged”, it should be followed bu f

5、or.14.estimated to be15. 原文中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞要盡量保留(may)without doing/sthdistinguish A from Bdistinguish between A and Bwhich引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不是不能用，但要確保無(wú)歧義16.like/unlike A, B do要求A、B性質(zhì)完全一樣17. 不光要判斷選項(xiàng)本身的對(duì)錯(cuò)，還要把選項(xiàng)放到原文中判斷其對(duì)錯(cuò)過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had been)changes the original meaning (were)by suggesting that the Native Americans had previ

6、ously ceased to be part of the widespread culture.18. 主謂單復(fù)數(shù)一致，被修飾成分和修飾成分單復(fù)數(shù)一致強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用all，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體用each(不能用every one)all, each表強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣，不能忽略19.比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的盡量補(bǔ)出原則不一定是補(bǔ)助動(dòng)詞，只要無(wú)歧義就行20. so+adjsuch+抽象名詞強(qiáng)調(diào)句正確選項(xiàng)往往是A，倒裝句(強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一種)不能變?yōu)檎ＵZ(yǔ)序21. food allergies 食物過(guò)敏總稱an allergy to sth 對(duì)某物過(guò)敏先行詞與主句主語(yǔ)要邏輯對(duì)稱attributes A(an effect)to B(a

7、cause)A is attributed to B22. notbut結(jié)構(gòu)要求時(shí)態(tài)、句式對(duì)稱not butratherthaninstead of24. 介詞+名詞介詞+動(dòng)名詞whether or not 錯(cuò)25.規(guī)定僅規(guī)定分詞與分詞相對(duì)稱，沒(méi)有說(shuō)現(xiàn)在分詞不能與過(guò)去分詞對(duì)稱，判斷的依據(jù)是動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作發(fā)出者還是承受者26. of all表最高級(jí)maybe錯(cuò)，因?yàn)樘谡Z(yǔ)化27. In D, the phrase and published in Harlem is too remote from the Messenger to modify it effectively.把原文的修飾成分變

8、成主干，一般為錯(cuò)being+n/adj一般為錯(cuò)28. continue不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、復(fù)合時(shí)態(tài)(例have been and will)be to do/be going to do錯(cuò)，因?yàn)楸碇饔^色彩的將來(lái)to表趨向，coming也表示趨向，所以into the coming month語(yǔ)義重復(fù)29. 句中的some若表“大約”，則不能省there be done錯(cuò)32.在同一句話中，過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)不能一起用，除了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的三種特例(客觀事實(shí)、政府行為法令法規(guī)、科研成果或統(tǒng)計(jì)資料)一般過(guò)去時(shí)改成過(guò)去完成時(shí)主要看是否出現(xiàn)表過(guò)去的過(guò)去的時(shí)間標(biāo)志時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的擺放要遵從愿意36. be nativ

9、e to somewhere不同時(shí)態(tài)并不是一定不能在同一個(gè)句子中出現(xiàn)，關(guān)鍵是要符合句子的愿意、清楚地表達(dá)作者的意思。37.only, last, first的修飾對(duì)象不能變38.若考前文對(duì)劃線部分的影響，則正確答案的標(biāo)志是新名詞或doing，錯(cuò)誤答案的標(biāo)志為to do或which。39. C選項(xiàng)中，分詞充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)表結(jié)果動(dòng)詞不定式一定要有明確的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者42. 過(guò)去分詞主要用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)和結(jié)果(優(yōu)先選)現(xiàn)在分詞主要用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作和過(guò)程concerning錯(cuò)誤的標(biāo)志worried about is preferable when describing a condition rather than an

10、 action.47. enough出現(xiàn)在選項(xiàng)中必錯(cuò)用sothat, soas to表enough的意思48.on account of/because of49. the pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expressed in an entire clause.known to doknown as doing在GMAT中，which不能指代整個(gè)前文，因?yàn)楫a(chǎn)生歧義。51.not unlike表強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣52. 作主語(yǔ)優(yōu)先用名詞because應(yīng)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子

11、，而不是其他54.the sameas(as前后要對(duì)稱)55.用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的幾種情況：since; 大段的時(shí)間概念(last, past*年);the world has ever seen/than ever before possible57.the extent to which/to the extent that60.like+n或名詞短語(yǔ)as+句子(包含助動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞位置可前可后)61. require sb to do; require that; require of sb that(后兩個(gè)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)特指、泛指the A特指 the A泛指A 泛指 his A特指63.be

12、in danger of doing65.depict/represent/begin/regard/see/perceive/think of/be prized/be acclaimed+asconsider sth sth66.所有格結(jié)構(gòu)賓語(yǔ)優(yōu)先用名詞67.A so as to B要求A、B邏輯主語(yǔ)一致、用于簡(jiǎn)單的句子結(jié)構(gòu)so A that B可以不一致70. it is likely/liable thatlikely/liable toan a severe disadvantage 處在一個(gè)非常不利的境地severely disadvantaged沒(méi)有社會(huì)地位71. Mike co

13、mes and sits here.時(shí)間上有先后順序Coming in, Mike sits here.錯(cuò)Sitting here, Mike comes in.錯(cuò)V1，V2要判斷是否有先后順序，還是一個(gè)是另一個(gè)的伴隨狀態(tài)and前后動(dòng)詞要對(duì)稱72.double作動(dòng)詞時(shí)是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)74.A as an instance of B76. n+of表限定;n+that表解釋need/importance/necessity e(to)/become/remain表動(dòng)態(tài)過(guò)程，在原文中出現(xiàn)不能去掉或變成be動(dòng)詞83.it和one不能混合使用84.be to do錯(cuò)85.something/anything

14、/nothing/things/sb/anybody/someone/no one要求形容詞后置86.have sth done87. can/be able toability of sb to dobe capable of doing90.allow sb to do允許allow that承認(rèn)91.D選項(xiàng)中的just是弱語(yǔ)氣詞，不能添加或刪除92.asas肯定語(yǔ)氣not so as否定語(yǔ)氣93.原文中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(如can)要保留94.not onlybut also 對(duì)稱結(jié)構(gòu)95. seem和like語(yǔ)義重復(fù)原文中的like不能變成seem原文中的as不能變成as if96.過(guò)去分詞表

15、狀態(tài)和結(jié)果99.動(dòng)作性名詞對(duì)稱于動(dòng)作性名詞100. prohibit sb from doing不能加thatforbid to do不能加thating表重復(fù)性，that非限制性重句表一次性101.lower往往是錯(cuò)誤答案，除了指人(fewer)外，都用less102. except連接前后性質(zhì)相同的對(duì)象;except for連接前后性質(zhì)不同的對(duì)象with: I withit錯(cuò)II跳躍修飾the diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian-vegetables, fresh cheese, oatm

16、eal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity.103.suchas to錯(cuò)105.asas; so that 含義不同106.出現(xiàn)特指，其指代對(duì)象在前文中一定要出現(xiàn)過(guò)，否則不能用特指。107. A with B/along with /together with/as well as/integral to后面的動(dòng)詞與A一致A and B后面的動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)not onlybut also/eitheror/neithernor/or與B一致108.過(guò)去時(shí)變成過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般為錯(cuò)111.be regarded as/be credited with doing

17、/be believed to do/be given credit for doing112. to do sthfor doing sth主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)都可以用的時(shí)候，主動(dòng)優(yōu)于被動(dòng)more+adj+n錯(cuò)n+more+adj對(duì)116.this, that, these, those單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)在句中必錯(cuò)，應(yīng)用such+n117.the ability of sb to do119.fair公平的，公正的 fairly相當(dāng)?shù)豷ignificant重要的 significantly相當(dāng)?shù)?21.A order B to do C124.after when錯(cuò)132.equivalent to /the

18、equivalent of/equal to have too broad a range of meanings to be used precisely here: that is, they can suggest more than merely numerical equality. Also, as quantitative expressions, equivalent and equal often modify nouns referring to uncountable things.135.the inclusion of it requires a comma after classics to set off the new independent clause.145.mandate that A be balanced150.mistake A for B172.not A, but rather B175.due to ：to是介詞，后面不能跟句子;比起 because/be