2022年甘肅衛(wèi)生職業(yè)學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年甘肅衛(wèi)生職業(yè)學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. _. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States

2、today. A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents. C、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions. D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正確答案】D【答案解析

3、】后文出現(xiàn)了home-schoolers，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)，這里應(yīng)該是對這個(gè)詞的定義，因此選D。第2題【單選題】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、such as C、instead of D、except for【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語意義區(qū)分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房子在夜晚非常安靜。A 至于，關(guān)于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第3題【單選題】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persisten

4、t; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poiso

5、ning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to _. A、the persistence of heavy metals B、industrially polluted soils C、naturally polluted soils D、rock and soil chemistry【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金屬，而且重金屬很穩(wěn)定，不容易降解，所以要對重金屬進(jìn)行徹底的清除。答案選擇A。第4題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The tornado caused

6、a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.Q: Power supply system was not damaged during the storm. A、

7、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。本題可譯為：暴風(fēng)雨中供電系統(tǒng)沒遭到破壞。最后一句說大風(fēng)和暴雨使一些家庭的供電出現(xiàn)了問題，與題項(xiàng)矛盾，故選B。第5題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百歲老人) get asked all the time：“How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly

8、community A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。題目說的是“這五位百歲老人生活在一個(gè)非常友好的社區(qū)”，文章開頭部分提到了“community(社區(qū))”，但該句并沒有說這五位百歲老人生活的社區(qū)是否是一個(gè)友好的社區(qū)，因此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有提到。第6題【單選題】Long life is altering our society, of course, but in experiential _. A、items B、terms C、turns D、themes【正確答案】B【答案解析】in experiential terms意為

9、“從經(jīng)驗(yàn)上來說”第7題【單選題】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for sever

10、al seconds.One form of lightning that _ is ball lightning. A、occurs most infrequently B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is often hidden from our view D、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字與題目相關(guān)的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the sm

11、all luminous ball，關(guān)鍵詞是rarest（rare的最高級形式）與infrequently“很少發(fā)生，少有”表達(dá)相同的意思。第8題【單選題】【2010.04】What her grandfather said left a _ impression on her mind. She still remembers it. A、final B、vague C、deep D、main【正確答案】C【答案解析】譯文：她爺爺說的事情給她留下深刻的印象，她仍然還記得。本題考查詞匯。形容詞意義區(qū)分題。final 最終的，vague 模糊的，deep 深的，main 主要的。第9題【單選題】

12、【填句補(bǔ)文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. _. That is at least as important as how much we know. A、Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members

13、 and friends. B、He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room. C、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes. D、In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on ho

14、w we get along with other people.【正確答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代詞we在D中才有呼應(yīng)的代詞，而且在文章最后出現(xiàn)觀點(diǎn)句是通常論述文的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)，因此判斷D正確。第10題【單選題】He engaged _ a serious study of the problem. A、on B、in C、with D、by【正確答案】B【答案解析】engage in：從事，忙于。句意：他忙于對這個(gè)問題的一系列的研究。第11題【單選題】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protectio

15、n and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can_. A、seed lots of sunflowers B、play gam

16、es in the sunflower house C、include plants with animal names D、find their own playing section【正確答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出處，By summers end“夏天結(jié)束的時(shí)候”實(shí)際上就是When autumn comes“秋天來臨的時(shí)候”。答案選擇B。第12題【單選題】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the vie

17、w that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and in

18、telligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Main Results of Recent Researches B、Popular Doubt about the New View C、Effect of Environment on Intelligence D、Impact on School Education

19、【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一個(gè)新的對智力的認(rèn)識，與過去一些年的傳統(tǒng)的把智力看做是一種不變的能力的這種理解不同，它主張智力和人的成長環(huán)境有關(guān)。因此選擇C。第13題【單選題】【2009.04】We _ go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home. A、occasionally B、relatively C、continually D、absolutely【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義辨析。譯文：我們偶爾外出去餐館吃飯，但通常是在家吃飯。詳細(xì)解答：A 偶爾地、偶然地、不經(jīng)常；B 相對地、比較地；C 持續(xù)地、不間斷地；D 完全

20、地。第14題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone（天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle（長柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south while the bulk

21、（主體）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade（玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great distances to l

22、ook for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass? A、In 1492. B、In the thirteen century A.D. C、In A.D. 80. D、At least 2000 years ago.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段中Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告訴我

23、們中國發(fā)明指南針的時(shí)間。第15題【單選題】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、such as C、instead of D、except for【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語意義區(qū)分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房子在夜晚非常安靜。A 至于，關(guān)于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第16題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small

24、packageRight now, Belchers model battery, a metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscopeWhich of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6? A、I

25、t is made of metal B、It is a kind of watch battery C、It can only be seen with a microscope D、It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it【正確答案】D【答案解析】做題步驟：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)逐一帶到原文，找到三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，比NOT TRUE題難。第17題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Secondary school had its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at any sp

26、ort, except looking. I loved basketball and tennis. The first day I held a racket, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six straight sets without sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate in a _

27、. A、basketball game B、tennis game C、marathon game D、football game【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。詞義理解和事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。通過關(guān)鍵詞disgrace，考生可迅速定位至本段，再通過本段的關(guān)鍵詞racket，可以判定正確答案是網(wǎng)球比賽。第18題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a gramm

28、atical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery r

29、hymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would proba

30、bly be _. A、uninhibited B、indifferent C、restrained D、responsible【正確答案】C【答案解析】該題的解題依據(jù)在本段結(jié)尾部分“As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者講：隨著孩子的年齡逐漸增大，大人就會(huì)教他們抑制對節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，等他們長大之后，他們對音樂節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，更可能受到抑制。第19題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many

31、 different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years. B、Recently, though, s

32、cientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前一句講的是科學(xué)家們過去對二手煙的看法，接下來應(yīng)選表示他們改變觀點(diǎn)的句子，因?yàn)橄乱痪浔砻魉麄兯值?/p>

33、觀點(diǎn)已與過去截然不同。第20題【單選題】【2009.01】He has deep love for the people and_loyalty to the country. A、intense B、initial C、instant D、imitative【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞詞義區(qū)分。A 強(qiáng)烈的，極度的；B 最初的，開始的；C 立即的，即時(shí)的；D 模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty，選A比較恰當(dāng)。第21題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small packageRight now,

34、 Belchers model battery, a metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscopeWhich of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6? A、It is made of meta

35、l B、It is a kind of watch battery C、It can only be seen with a microscope D、It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it【正確答案】D【答案解析】做題步驟：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)逐一帶到原文，找到三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，比NOT TRUE題難。第22題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very d

36、ifferently from children in school: _. For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北極熊）, and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to as

37、k questions about satellites and the space program. A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values. B、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions. C、Interestingly, results show that home-schooled

38、 children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math. D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.【正確答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers與其他孩子學(xué)習(xí)的不同點(diǎn)，因此選B。第23題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As pe

39、ople get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. _. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often. A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays. B、The growing number of women with goo

40、d jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone. C、It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream. D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立”有可能造成保持一個(gè)人的家庭生活，B中的“婦女有好的工作，增加了獨(dú)身的人數(shù)”與前句內(nèi)容正好呼應(yīng)。第24題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】There are many other foods tha

41、t have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made

42、 into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.Which country is the largest coffee producer? A、Brazil. B、Colombia. C、Ethiopia. D、Egypt.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答題依據(jù)在本段的第三句。Producer 與 grower 意思等同。第25題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise m

43、ay help, too. New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise.Walking regularly helps elderly people_. A、lose weight B、become happier C、concentrate better D、look younger【正確答案】C【答案解析】同義詞替換有題干替換、選項(xiàng)替換。第26題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Doctors b

44、elieve that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes_. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand

45、 smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke. B、In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke. D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正確答案】

46、C【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸煙者時(shí)常吸入他人香煙中冒出的煙，接下來應(yīng)首選對此煙加以定義的句子。第27題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】People suspected that “Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came do

47、wnstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because_. A、she was looking after the children B、she was a friend of Lucans C、it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucan

48、 D、Loard Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。因果關(guān)系題。對照本段People suspected that“Lucky”，as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark，killed the nanny by mistake.本來是要?dú)⑺钠拮?，可是因?yàn)樘焯冢藻e(cuò)殺了保姆。答案選C。第2

49、8題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethio

50、pia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.Which country is the largest coffee producer? A、Brazil. B、Colombia. C、Ethiopia. D、Egypt.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答題依據(jù)在本段的第三句。Producer 與 grower 意思等同。第29題【單選題】【2009.01】The twin sisters were identical_ appearance and character. A、of

51、 B、with C、in D、to【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查介詞詞義。句意：這對雙胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一樣。be identical to/ with 完全相同的，一模一樣的。本題要說明在某個(gè)方面是一樣的，故選C。 第30題【單選題】【2009.04】The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just _. A、tentative B、valid C、technical D、thorough【正確答案】A【答案解析】譯文：這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)論不是一定的；它只是試探性的。試題分析：形容詞詞義選擇題。詳細(xì)解答：A 不確定的、試

52、探性的；B 正當(dāng)?shù)?、有根?jù)的、有效的；C 技術(shù)性的、專門技術(shù)的；D 徹底的、十足的。第31題【單選題】【概括大意】 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a

53、 theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in Literature B、Origins of Science Fiction C、The Theme of Science Fiction D、Science Fiction Has a Short History【正確答案】B【答案解析】從第一段話可以看出這段文字介紹了科普小說的起源。因此選擇B。第32題【單選題】【填

54、句補(bǔ)文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. _ by carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen. A、The stock market had its worst losses ever B、Buildi

55、ngs would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat C、So experts are regularly asked to predict accurately D、The article was written in 1958【正確答案】C【答案解析】第一句說的是：預(yù)測未來很重要，不能像中學(xué)生那樣猜測。這一空的關(guān)鍵詞是experts，他們不同于中學(xué)生，他們的預(yù)測應(yīng)該是較為準(zhǔn)確的。第33題【單選題】【2007.04】The furniture in her b

56、edroom is quite different from _ in the living room. A、that B、it C、one D、which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復(fù)合句。that在本句中指代the furniture，目的是為了避免重復(fù)。which用于引導(dǎo)句子或短語，在此也不能指代the furniture。 第34題【單選題】【2007.04】The central theatre has a seating _ of more than 3, 000 people. A、capability B、capacity C、ability D、facility【正確答

57、案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。ability主要指天賦的能力或應(yīng)用知識的才能，應(yīng)該是屬于那種已經(jīng)具備并發(fā)展較快的能力。如“He has unusual ability in science“。capability與ability不同的是，它不僅能用于人，也可用于物，如：Electronic refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older electrical devicescapacity指容納或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。如“The hall has

58、a seating capacity of 500”。根據(jù)句意，本題應(yīng)該選capacity。 第35題【單選題】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：當(dāng)你更加了解鮑勃時(shí)，你將會(huì)喜歡他的。試題分析：本題考查主將從現(xiàn)。詳細(xì)解答：根據(jù)主將從現(xiàn)的原則，主句用了一般將來時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 第36題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly i

59、f they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過去分詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)士營養(yǎng)很好，他們就會(huì)很快痊愈。A 營養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿，塞滿； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險(xiǎn)第37題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was ve

60、ry old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and tak