星期4后快樂周末(長喜英語)

1、快樂周末閱讀點津5大?？碱}目類型閱讀理解部分在考查內容上大致可分為五種類型：事實細節(jié)題、推理判斷題、主旨大意題、觀點態(tài)度題、語義理解題。一、事實細節(jié)題 事實細節(jié)題是針對文章事實和有關細節(jié)提問的題型，在閱讀理解題中占很大比重，而且也較簡單，是容易拿分的部分。該類題型有一個特點：所提問題一般可以在文中直接找到答案，但正確選項大都不會照搬原文，而是用不同的詞語或句型對原文信息進行同義轉述。具體而言，該類題型主要包括：1直接細節(jié)題：指利用詞性變換，同義、近義詞替換等手段考查對原文細節(jié)信息的正確理解的試題，如原文肯定的表達換成否定的；正面與反面表達的轉換；原因與結果的轉換；條件與目的的轉換等。2間接細節(jié)

2、題：指隱含的事實細節(jié)題，考查對文章展示的細節(jié)的綜合概括能力，要求考生不僅讀懂關鍵詞的意思，還能體味言外之意。3例證題：是考查對列舉與舉例關系的理解的試題。4排除題：即所給4個選項中有三個符合文章內容，剩下一個不符合。題干中常有Not或Except等詞。這種題型多考查并列、列舉處細節(jié)，但有時也需要整合文章多處細節(jié)才能得出答案。事實細節(jié)題通常用what，which，why，who，when，how，how many，because，cause，reason，result，true，not true，correct，incorrect，except，not等詞語表達?！纠?】 （2007年Text

3、B ）87. The writer has mentioned all the following benefits of hitchhiking EXCEPT_.A promoting mutual respect between strangersB increasing ones confidence in strangersC protecting environmentD enriching ones knowledgeSurely this is a good idea for society. Hitchhiking would increase respect by break

4、ing down barriers between strangers. It would help fight global warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuels. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant lessons in geography, history, politics and sociology.【解析】選B。排除題。根據題干中allEXCEPT可

5、知原文中沒有提到或與原文相矛盾的為答案，即為排除題。由第該段Hitchhikingincrease respectfight global warmingimprove educational standard可排除A、C、D；B文中沒有涉及，故為答案。二、推理判斷題 推理判斷題具有較大的難度，要求考生在理解原文的基礎上，根據文章中所闡述的事實細節(jié)和上下文的暗示與線索進行綜合分析，然后做出推斷、引申或得出合情合理的結論。因此，考生須細讀原文，尤其是涉及題干內容的地方。不僅要掌握文章的表層意義，還要理解其深層內涵；不僅要掌握言明的觀點和傾向，還要獲取字里行間的信息。切忌無根無據地隨意猜想。在專四

6、的閱讀理解中，推理判斷題常以局部推斷的形式出現，即要求根據原文具體某一句（或幾句）、某一段（或幾段）話來推斷相關的隱含信息。這種題型常用的關鍵提問詞有infer，imply，suggest，show，assume，know，learn，conclude，draw conclusion from等?！纠?】 （2008年 Text B ）86. We learn from the passage, all English dictionaries include _.A legends.B mythology. C word origins.D word definitions.Many (bu

7、t not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a words origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning.【解析】選D。本題考查根據具體句子推斷引申含義的能力。文章只在首段第四句提到English dictionaries。該處說很多英語字典（但不是全部）在解釋完(一個單詞的)意思之前或之后，都會在括號內給出這個詞來源的簡單提示。由此推斷，所有的字典都給出詞的解釋或定義，故D為答案。三、主旨大意題主旨大意題考查考生對一篇閱讀文

8、章中心思想的理解，難度不算高，但其解答的正確與否相當關鍵，直接決定考生對本篇文章其他試題的解答。主旨題從考查的內容上可分為主題類（考查文章或段落的主旨大意）、目的類（考查文章或段落的寫作目的）和標題類（要求考生選出文章的最佳標題）等三種。關鍵詞有main idea，main point，key point，main topic，mainly discuss，mainly explain, mainly about；purpose；best title等?！纠?】 （2008年Text B ）89. Which of the following can best serve as the tit

9、le of the passage?A Greek and Roman Mythology in Language.B Mythological Origins of English Words.C Historical Changes in Word Meanings.D Mythology and Common Words.In an article some Chinese scholars are described as being “tantalized by.” Tantalized is one of many English words that have their ori

10、gins in myths and legends of the pastAnother example is the word siren This word also has its origins in Greek mythologyWhen someone speaks of a “jovial mood” or a “herculean effort,” he or she is using words with origins in mythology. 【解析】選B。篇章主旨題。文章每段的開頭都提到了word(s)，origins，myths(mythology)等關鍵詞，由此可

11、見B是此文章中心思想的恰當概括。四、觀點態(tài)度題觀點態(tài)度題主要考查考生能否正確理解作者寫作時所持的觀點、寫作意圖，作者在闡述文章主題時的語氣或對他所論述的對象的態(tài)度。 觀點態(tài)度題題干關鍵詞為attitude，而選項中出現的關鍵詞又可以分為以下三組：褒義詞positive（贊成的）；supporting（支持的）；praising（贊揚的）；optimistic（樂觀的）admiring（羨慕的）；interesting（有趣的）；humorous（幽默的）；serious（嚴肅的）；enthusiastic（熱情的）；pleasant（愉快的）；polite（禮貌的）；concerned（關切的

12、）；sober（冷靜的）等貶義詞disgusted（感到惡心的，厭惡的）；critical（批評的）；negative（否定的，反對的）；bitter（痛苦的）；cynical（玩世不恭的）；sentimental（感傷的）；emotional（激動的）；angry（氣憤的）suspicious（懷疑的）；tolerant（容忍的，忍讓的）；impatient（不耐煩的）worried（擔憂的）；pessimistic（悲觀的）；depressed（沮喪的）；disappointed（失望的）；ironic（諷刺的）；sarcastic（挖苦的）等中性詞indifferent（冷淡的，不關心的

13、）；impassive（冷淡的，不動感情的）；uninterested（無興趣的，不感興趣的）；ambivalent（情緒矛盾的）；neutral（中立的）；impersonal（不帶個人感情的）；subjective（主觀的）；objective（客觀的）；informative（提供信息的）；impartial（不偏袒的）；apathetic（漠不關心的）【例4】 （2008年Text B ）94. The author sounds in the last paragraph .A impatient B bitterC worried D ironicLike my father, I

14、ll keep the name, but my airport experience has given me a whole new perspective on what diversity and tolerance are supposed to mean. I had no idea that being an American would ever be this hard.【解析】選D。本題考查作者對論述對象的態(tài)度。上文中提到作者因名字而被移民局滯留了兩次，而末段中她又提到，她從不知道要做一個美國人竟是如此艱難，由此可推測她的話中含有諷刺意味。故D正確。五、語義理解題語義理解題

15、主要測試考生對閱讀文章中出現的關鍵詞、短語或句子含義的理解能力。這類問題的設計目的不是考查考生的詞匯量，而是從特定的角度考查考生的閱讀理解能力和根據上下文推測詞義、句意的能力。具體而言，又可以分為以下三種：1文章中替代詞所指代的內容。 2句子在上下文中的意思。3超綱生詞或詞組在文中的意義。提問時，一般問在第幾段某詞某句意思是什么，或者在原文中將考查的詞、句用斜體或下劃線標出。這類題型的提示詞或詞組一般用is，mean，refer to，tell us，to be closest in meaning to，can be replaced by，by saying，means等等。比如： “Th

16、is” in Paragraph Two refers to . “Either put it to the test yourself.” in Paragraph (11) means_.“The long summers of forgetting take a toll” in the last paragraph but one means _. In “. and all my knowledge of him was limited to occasional meetings about the house, .” (the second paragraph), the wor

17、d about means _. In the sixth paragraph the sentence “Disney was more or less the genuine article” means that _. The word “spice” in Paragraph Six is closest in meaning to _.【例5】 （2008年Text D ）96. “This” in Paragraph Two refers to _.A insecurity.B sense of failure. C public speaking.D pressure. Publ

18、ic speaking fills most people with dreadWomen hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds.Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If you were under pressure to be perfect, you are

19、 terrified of falling in the most public of ways.【解析】選C。本題考查指示代詞所指代的內容。第二段首句談到，大部分人都有很多不安全感，“this”是將這些不安全感全都顯現出來的一種情況。聯系上下文，極易被A干擾，但仔細閱讀，發(fā)現該句中的them指代的才是insecurities；this指的是上文已出現過的public speaking，故C正確。哈哈樂園Just Spots A man goes to the eye doctor. The receptionist asks him why he is there. The man comp

20、lains, “I keep seeing spots in front of my eyes.” The receptionist asks, “Have you ever seen a doctor?” and the man replies, “No, just spots.”只看到斑點 一位男士去看眼科醫(yī)生。接待員問他有何不適。病人抱怨道；“我一直看到眼前有斑點。”接待員問：“你看過醫(yī)生了嗎?”病人答道：“沒看到，只看到斑點?！盢ew DiscoveryA hillbilly was visiting the big city for the first time. Entering an office building, he saw a pudgy older woman step into a small room. The doors closed, lights flashed, and after a while the door slid open and a beau