2014八年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、知識(shí)梳理八年級(jí)下冊(cè)一、語法1.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài) 2.并列復(fù)合句3.賓語從句1、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)名稱 特征詞 肯定句的動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在sometimes, usually, often always, every., 原形 第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)ever, already , just ,yet for /since so far have /has +V過去分詞一般過去yesterday., just now, .ago, this morning, When I was young, 過去式動(dòng)詞否定句一般疑問句原形在主語后dontDo 主語+V？ 第三人 稱單數(shù)在主語后doesnt動(dòng)詞原形Does 主語動(dòng)詞原形

2、？否定句一般疑問句只在其后not (some-any)將其放到句首.？句中沒有be、的變法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有be 的變法否定句、一般疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞否定句一般疑問句過去式主語didnt動(dòng)詞原形+其他。Did動(dòng)詞原形其他？否定句：主語+have /has +not +V過去分詞+其他.一般疑問句：Have /Has +主語+V過去分詞+其他？一般過去式的句子結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+have /has +V過去分詞+其他.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般疑問句回答:Is he.? Yes, he is. No, he isnt.Do you .? Yes, I do. No, I dont. Does.she ?

3、Yes she does. No, she doesnt.Did they.? Yes, they did. No, they didnt.Have you.? Yes, I have . No. I havent.Were they.? Yes, they were. No, they werent.Was he.? Yes, he was. No, he wasnt.Has she ? Yes, she has. No, she hasnt.2、并列復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句是由并列詞and ,but ,or 等把兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。并列復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成：簡單句+并列連詞+簡單

4、句。并列連詞前后簡單句之間的關(guān)系。（1.）并列關(guān)系用and (2.) 選擇關(guān)系 用or （3.）轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系用but 3、賓語從句1.引導(dǎo)詞的選擇一般疑問句充當(dāng)賓語從句特殊疑問句充當(dāng)賓語從句疑問代詞或疑問副詞2.語序 陳述句語序3.時(shí)態(tài)陳述句充當(dāng)賓語從句主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)從句按實(shí)際情況用相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)4.當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞為think，suppose， expect，believe 等時(shí)，其后的賓語從句為否定句時(shí)，常將否定詞not從從句中移到主句中，構(gòu)成否定轉(zhuǎn)移 5.如果從句說的是客觀現(xiàn)象或真理，無論主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。thatif/whether直接引語變間接引語與賓語

5、從句的關(guān)系1.陳述句變?yōu)橐龑?dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. 1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He said that I was younger than him. He says that Tom is a good student. 直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系3.一般疑問句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ” “Will they go to visit the Great W

6、all?” he asked. She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper. He asked if (whether) they would go to visit the Great Wall. 直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系2.特殊疑問句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked.He asked where I lived. He asked how they co

7、uld get to the post-office. 二、話題人的相貌及性格2.天氣及季節(jié)3.看病與健康 4.假期三、句子簡單句并列句復(fù)合句選擇問句特殊疑問句感嘆句一般疑問句否定句祈使句簡單句并列句復(fù)合句選擇問句特殊疑問句感嘆句This is an orange bike. He knows me and I know him. When I was 5, I could swim. Did you live here or there? What did they learn just now? What a heavy rain it is! Does Tom speak French?

8、 I dont understand it. Stand （Dont） up.一般疑問句否定句祈使句四、句型 (及交際用語)對(duì)某人來說做某事是怎么樣的： It is +adj. for/of sb. + to do sth.2. 提問看病的：What can I do for you ?Can I help you ?Whats wrong?Whats the matter? 3.回答生病情況：1) I have got a headache .stomach ache .toothache.fever.cough.cold.catch a cold 2) 就此病癥提出合理建議 Take /

9、Have some / these medicine three times a day. Drink more water and stay in bed for a few days. Its nothing serious. Youll be / get / become OK / well soon/ in one or two days. Dont be so tired.4.提問某人的愛好： What s your hobby?回答愛好：My hobby is collecting fans/tickets.collecting stamps/model cars.writing.

10、playing basketball.swimming.running.singing.5. 提問人的相貌： What does.look like?6. 提問人的性格： What is . like?7. 到該做什么事的時(shí)候了。 Its time to do sth. Its time for sth.8. 提建議用語： Why not do sth.? Why dont you do sth.? What/How about sth. / doing sth.? Its best to do sth. Youd better do sth. You should do sth.五、詞類1.

11、 動(dòng)詞6. 形容詞、副詞2. 系動(dòng)詞7.數(shù)詞3. 代詞8. 頻率副詞4.不定代詞9. 介詞5. 連詞10. 疑問詞1.動(dòng)詞(謂語)He watches TV every day.He is watching TV now.He watched TV a moment ago. 動(dòng)詞(非謂語)He enjoys watching TV. Jim makes me laugh.I wanted to see it again.2.系動(dòng)詞 (+形容詞的動(dòng)詞)lookbeturn getsoundbecometastefeelsmell1) Jims idea sounds nice.2) Kate

12、looks taller.3) I feel nervous now.4) Beijing becomes bigger.5) The days get long.6) The cake tastes delicious.3.不定代詞1. other, others, the other, the others, another, One., the other., any other2. one, ones, ones 3. somethingsomebody / someone anythinganybody / anyone everythingeverybody / everyone

13、nothingnobody / no one5. 連詞1. and 7. when2. but 8. before3. or 9. after4. so 10. as5. though 11. if6. because用and, when, because, but, or, so, though before, after, if, 填空1. Jim often helps me with my English _ I often help him with his Chinese.2. _ the question is very difficult, few of us can answ

14、er it.3. Mr. Black is over 70 years old, _ he still works 8 hours a day.Becauseandbut4. Everyone must be here _ 6:00 tomorrow.5. _it is raining heavily, the farmers are still working in the field.6. I can help you _ I have time.用and, when, because, but, or, so, though before, after, if, 填空Thoughbefo

15、reif7. _ getting up, I always listen to the radio for a while.8. We must be quick, _ we cant follow them.9. To catch the early bus, _ I got up very early this morning.用and, when, because, but, or, so, though before, after, if, 填空soorAfter10. _ the teacher came in, I was thinking about the game.11. _

16、 you know him, why not go and meet Jim instead of me, Kate?用and, when, because, but, or, so, though before, after, if, 填空IfWhen6.形容詞、副詞形容詞與副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換在詞尾處+ lyy結(jié)尾時(shí),去y + ily有的e結(jié)尾的單詞,需去y + ly，有的則直接+ly。quickquickly 2. easy-easily3.terrible-terribly 4. true-truly5.brave-bravely 6. careful-carefully形容詞、副詞的使用形容詞

17、副詞修飾名詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞They are clever boys.I prefer long hair.It really sounds nice.They work very hard.7. 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞百,千,萬,的表達(dá)幾分之幾用來表達(dá)時(shí)、分用來表達(dá)年、月、日8. 頻率副詞alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomnever 用How often 對(duì)它們進(jìn)行提問。 他們體現(xiàn)了動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)的頻率程度。 I always have milk for breakfast.I usually have eggs for breakfast.I often have

18、 noodles for it. I sometimes have fruits for it. I seldom have rice for it. I never have meat in the morning.9. 與時(shí)間相關(guān)的介詞for 時(shí)間段前in 某年、某月前on 具體日子、節(jié)日、 生日、星期幾前at 某分，某時(shí)前當(dāng)“早上、下午、晚上”被修飾時(shí)不用 in 而用on. 表示方位的介詞： 某物處在某處的東南西北。northsouthwestnortheastsoutheastnorthwestsouthwesteastThe Positionin, to, on 的區(qū)別on 某處在某

19、處之內(nèi)某處與某處相接壤某處在某處之外 in to with 的多種用法do sth. with sb./ sth.a girl with long haira room with two doorsa city with large populationbe busy with sth.be popular with.be with a style of.talk with sb. help sb. with sth.an action movie with Jackie ChanWhats wrong / the matter with.?10. 疑問詞提問幾點(diǎn)鐘What time is i

20、t?Whats the time?價(jià)格how much地點(diǎn)where數(shù)量how many.how much.程度、方式how動(dòng)詞、賓語what.do. what主語who, whom.性格Whats.like?時(shí)間when長相What does/ do.look like?頻率how often天氣Whats .like?Hows.?六、易混淆的詞、詞組What is .like?What does.look like?1.2.3.what to dohow to dowake upwake sb. up4.5.there behave / hasjointake part in.6.7.8.

21、in the east of.to the east of.triptravelother, othersthe other, the othersOne., the other., anotherany other schoolsany other school2.stop to do sth.stop doing sth.as well as exceptbesidesa little, little, a bit, a bit of. a few, fewget to.arrive in / at.reach13.too muchmuch too14.by cartake a car15.16.excited, interested, amazedexciting, interesting, amazingIts time to . .Its time for. .18. noise, voice, sound19. hear, listen, listen to20. say, tell, talk, speak21. read, w