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1、#1PielerT.Trendsinatmosphericcarbondioxide-Global./gmd/ccgg/trends/.20092EtheridgeDM,SteeleLP,elal.HistoricalCO2recordderivedfromasplinefit(20yearcutoff)oftheLawDomeDE08andDE08-2icecores. HYPERLINK http:/cdiac http:/cdiac./ftp/trends/co2/lawdome.smoothed.yr20.1998#USEOFNOAAESRLDATA#Thesedataaremadef

2、reelyavailabletothepublicandthe#scientificcommunityinthebeliefthattheirwidedissemination#willleadtogreaterunderstandingandnewscientificinsights.#Theavailabilityofthesedatadoesnotconstitutepublication#ofthedata.NOAAreliesontheethicsandintegrityoftheuserto#insurethatESRLreceivesfaircreditfortheirwork.

3、Ifthedata#areobtainedforpotentialuseinapublicationorpresentation,#ESRLshouldbeinformedattheoutsetofthenatureofthiswork.#IftheESRLdataareessentialtothework,orifanimportant#resultorconclusiondependsontheESRLdata,co-authorship#maybeappropriate.Thisshouldbediscussedatanearlystagein#thework.Manuscriptsus

4、ingtheESRLdatashouldbesenttoESRL#forreviewbeforetheyaresubmittedforpublicationsowecan#insurethatthequalityandlimitationsofthedataareaccurately#represented.#Contact:PieterTans(3034976678;)#FileCreation:WedJun512:05:502013#RECIPROCITY#Useofthesedataimpliesanagreementtoreciprocate.#Laboratoriesmakingsi

5、milarmeasurementsagreetomaketheir#owndataavailabletothegeneralpublicandtothescientific#communityinanequallycompleteandeasilyaccessibleform.#Modelersareencouragedtomakeavailabletothecommunity,#uponrequest,theirowntoolsusedintheinterpretation#oftheESRLdata,namelywelldocumentedmodelcode,transport#field

6、s,andadditionalinformationnecessaryforother#scientiststorepeattheworkandtorunmodifiedversions.#Modelavailabilityincludescollaborativesupportfornew#usersofthemodels.#See HYPERLINK /gmd/ccgg/trends/ /gmd/ccgg/trends/foradditionaldetails.#DatafromMarch1958throughApril1974havebeenobtainedbyC.DavidKeelin

7、g#oftheScrippsInstitutionofOceanography(SIO)andwereobtainedfromthe#Scrippswebsite().#Theestimateduncertaintyintheannualmeanisthestandarddeviation#ofthedifferencesofannualmeanvaluesdeterminedindependentlyby#NOAA/ESRLandtheScrippsInstitutionofOceanography.#NOTE:Ingeneral,thedatapresentedforthelastyear

8、aresubjecttochange,#dependingonrecalibrationofthereferencegasmixturesused,andotherquality#controlprocedures.Occasionally,earlieryearsmayalsobechangedforthesame#reasons.Usuallythesechangesareminor.#CO2expressedasamolefractionindryair,micromol/mol,abbreviatedasppm#yearmeanunc1959315.970.121960316.910.

9、121961317.640.121962318.450.121963318.990.121964319.620.121965320.040.121966321.380.121967322.160.121968323.040.121969324.620.121970325.680.121971326.320.121972327.450.121973329.680.121974330.180.121975331.080.121976332.050.121977333.780.121978335.410.121979336.780.121980338.680.121981340.100.121982

10、341.440.121983343.030.121984344.580.121985346.040.121986347.390.121987349.160.121988351.560.121989353.070.121990354.350.121991355.570.121992356.380.121993357.070.121994358.820.121995360.800.121996362.590.121997363.710.121998366.650.121999368.330.122000369.520.122001371.130.122002373.220.122003375.77

11、0.122004377.490.122005379.800.122006381.900.122007383.760.122008385.590.122009387.370.122010389.850.122011391.630.122012393.820.12#USEOFNOAAESRLDATA#Thesedataaremadefreelyavailabletothepublicandthe#scientificcommunityinthebeliefthattheirwidedissemination#willleadtogreaterunderstandingandnewscientifi

12、cinsights.#Theavailabilityofthesedatadoesnotconstitutepublication#ofthedata.NOAAreliesontheethicsandintegrityoftheuserto#insurethatESRLreceivesfaircreditfortheirwork.Ifthedata#areobtainedforpotentialuseinapublicationorpresentation,#ESRLshouldbeinformedattheoutsetofthenatureofthiswork.#IftheESRLdataa

13、reessentialtothework,orifanimportant#resultorconclusiondependsontheESRLdata,co-authorship#maybeappropriate.Thisshouldbediscussedatanearlystagein#thework.ManuscriptsusingtheESRLdatashouldbesenttoESRL#forreviewbeforetheyaresubmittedforpublicationsowecan#insurethatthequalityandlimitationsofthedataareac

14、curately#represented.#Contact:PieterTans(3034976678;)#FileCreation:WedJun512:05:502013#RECIPROCITY#Useofthesedataimpliesanagreementtoreciprocate.#Laboratoriesmakingsimilarmeasurementsagreetomaketheir#owndataavailabletothegeneralpublicandtothescientific#communityinanequallycompleteandeasilyaccessible

15、form.#Modelersareencouragedtomakeavailabletothecommunity,#uponrequest,theirowntoolsusedintheinterpretation#oftheESRLdata,namelywelldocumentedmodelcode,transport#fields,andadditionalinformationnecessaryforother#scientiststorepeattheworkandtorunmodifiedversions.#Modelavailabilityincludescollaboratives

16、upportfornew#usersofthemodels.#See HYPERLINK /gmd/ccgg/trends/ /gmd/ccgg/trends/foradditionaldetails.#DatafromMarch1958throughApril1974havebeenobtainedbyC.DavidKeeling#oftheScrippsInstitutionofOceanography(SIO)andwereobtainedfromthe#Scrippswebsite().#AnnualCO2molefractionincrease(ppm)fromJan1through

17、Dec31.#TheuncertaintyintheMaunaLoaannualmeangrowthrateisestimated#fromthestandarddeviationofthedifferencesbetweenmonthlymean#valuesdeterminedindependentlybytheScrippsInstitutionofOceanography#andbyNOAA/ESRL.#NOTE:Ingeneral,thedatapresentedforthelastyeararesubjecttochange,#dependingonrecalibrationoft

18、hereferencegasmixturesused,andotherquality#controlprocedures.Occasionally,earlieryearsmayalsobechangedforthesame#reasons.Usuallythesechangesareminor.#CO2expressedasamolefractionindryair,micromol/mol,abbreviatedasppm#yearannincunc19590.940.1119600.540.1119610.950.1119620.640.1119630.710.1119640.280.1

19、119651.020.1119661.240.1119670.740.1119681.030.1119691.310.1119701.060.1119710.850.1119721.690.1119731.220.1119740.780.1119751.130.1119760.840.1119772.100.1119781.300.1119791.750.1119801.730.1119811.430.1119820.960.1119832.130.1119841.360.1119851.250.1119861.480.1119872.290.1119882.130.1119891.320.1

20、119901.190.1119910.990.1119920.480.1119931.400.1119941.910.1119951.990.1119961.250.1119971.910.1119982.930.1119990.930.1120001.620.1120011.580.1120022.530.1120032.290.1120041.560.1120052.520.1120061.760.1120072.220.1120081.600.1120091.880.1120102.440.1120111.840.1120122.650.11#USEOFNOAAESRLDATA#Thes

21、edataaremadefreelyavailabletothepublicandthe#scientificcommunityinthebeliefthattheirwidedissemination#willleadtogreaterunderstandingandnewscientificinsights.#Theavailabilityofthesedatadoesnotconstitutepublication#ofthedata.NOAAreliesontheethicsandintegrityoftheuserto#insurethatESRLreceivesfaircredit

22、fortheirwork.Ifthedata#areobtainedforpotentialuseinapublicationorpresentation,#ESRLshouldbeinformedattheoutsetofthenatureofthiswork.#IftheESRLdataareessentialtothework,orifanimportant#resultorconclusiondependsontheESRLdata,co-authorship#maybeappropriate.Thisshouldbediscussedatanearlystagein#thework.

23、ManuscriptsusingtheESRLdatashouldbesenttoESRL#forreviewbeforetheyaresubmittedforpublicationsowecan#insurethatthequalityandlimitationsofthedataareaccurately#represented.#Contact:PieterTans(3034976678;)#FileCreation:WedJun512:05:502013#RECIPROCITY#Useofthesedataimpliesanagreementtoreciprocate.#Laborat

24、oriesmakingsimilarmeasurementsagreetomaketheir#owndataavailabletothegeneralpublicandtothescientific#communityinanequallycompleteandeasilyaccessibleform.#Modelersareencouragedtomakeavailabletothecommunity,#uponrequest,theirowntoolsusedintheinterpretation#oftheESRLdata,namelywelldocumentedmodelcode,tr

25、ansport#fields,andadditionalinformationnecessaryforother#scientiststorepeattheworkandtorunmodifiedversions.#Modelavailabilityincludescollaborativesupportfornew#usersofthemodels.#See HYPERLINK /gmd/ccgg/trends/ /gmd/ccgg/trends/foradditionaldetails.#DatafromMarch1958throughApril1974havebeenobtainedby

26、C.DavidKeeling#oftheScrippsInstitutionofOceanography(SIO)andwereobtainedfromthe#Scrippswebsite().#TheaveragecolumncontainsthemonthlymeanCO2molefractiondetermined#fromdailyaverages.ThemolefractionofCO2,expressedaspartspermillion#(ppm)isthenumberofmoleculesofCO2ineveryonemillionmoleculesofdried#air(wa

27、tervaporremoved).Iftherearemissingdaysconcentratedeitherearly#orlateinthemonth,themonthlymeaniscorrectedtothemiddleofthemonth#usingtheaverageseasonalcycle.Missingmonthsaredenotedby-99.99.#Theinterpolatedcolumnincludesaveragevaluesfromtheprecedingcolumn#andinterpolatedvalueswheredataaremissing.Interp

28、olatedvaluesare#computedintwosteps.First,wecomputeforeachmonththeaverageseasonal#cycleina7-yearwindowaroundeachmonthlyvalue.Inthiswaytheseasonal#cycleisallowedtochangeslowlyovertime.Wethendeterminethetrend#valueforeachmonthbyremovingtheseasonalcycle;thisresultisshownin#thetrendcolumn.Trendvaluesarel

29、inearlyinterpolatedformissingmonths.#Theinterpolatedmonthlymeanisthenthesumoftheaverageseasonalcycle#valueandthetrendvalueforthemissingmonth.#NOTE:Ingeneral,thedatapresentedforthelastyeararesubjecttochange,#dependingonrecalibrationofthereferencegasmixturesused,andotherquality#controlprocedures.Occas

30、ionally,earlieryearsmayalsobechangedforthesame#reasons.Usuallythesechangesareminor.#CO2expressedasamolefractionindryair,micromol/mol,abbreviatedasppm#(-99.99missingdata;-1nodatafor#dailymeansinmonth)#decimalaverageinterpolatedtrend#days#date(seasoncorr)195831958.208315.71315.71314.62-1195841958.2923

31、17.45317.45315.29-1195851958.375317.50317.50314.71-1195861958.458-99.99317.10314.85-1195871958.542315.86315.86314.98-1195881958.625314.93314.93315.94-1195891958.708313.20313.20315.91-11958101958.792-99.99312.66315.61-11958111958.875313.33313.33315.31-11958121958.958314.67314.67315.61-1195911959.0423

32、15.62315.62315.70-1195921959.125316.38316.38315.88-1195931959.208316.71316.71315.62-1195941959.292317.72317.72315.56-1195951959.375318.29318.29315.50-1195961959.458318.15318.15315.92-1195971959.542316.54316.54315.66-1195981959.625314.80314.80315.81-1195991959.708313.84313.84316.55-11959101959.792313

33、.26313.26316.19-11959111959.875314.80314.80316.78-11959121959.958315.58315.58316.52-1196011960.042316.43316.43316.51-1196021960.125316.97316.97316.47-1196031960.208317.58317.58316.49-1196041960.292319.02319.02316.86-1196051960.375320.03320.03317.24-1196061960.458319.59319.59317.36-1196071960.542318.

34、18318.18317.30-1196081960.625315.91315.91316.92-1196091960.708314.16314.16316.87-11960101960.792313.83313.83316.76-11960111960.875315.00315.00316.98-11960121960.958316.19316.19317.13-1196111961.042316.93316.93317.03-1196121961.125317.70317.70317.28-1196131961.208318.54318.54317.47-1196141961.292319.

35、48319.48317.27-1196151961.375320.58320.58317.70-1196161961.458319.77319.77317.48-1196171961.542318.57318.57317.70-1196181961.625316.79316.79317.80-1196191961.708314.80314.80317.49-11961101961.792315.38315.38318.35-11961111961.875316.10316.10318.13-11961121961.958317.01317.01317.94-1196211962.042317.

36、94317.94318.06-1196221962.125318.56318.56318.11-1196231962.208319.68319.68318.57-1196241962.292320.63320.63318.45-1196251962.375321.01321.01318.20-1196261962.458320.55320.55318.27-1196271962.542319.58319.58318.67-1196281962.625317.40317.40318.48-1196291962.708316.26316.26319.03-11962101962.792315.42

37、315.42318.33-11962111962.875316.69316.69318.62-11962121962.958317.69317.69318.61-1196311963.042318.74318.74318.91-1196321963.125319.08319.08318.68-1196331963.208319.86319.86318.69-1196341963.292321.39321.39319.09-1196351963.375322.25322.25319.39-1196361963.458321.47321.47319.16-1196371963.542319.743

38、19.74318.77-1196381963.625317.77317.77318.83-1196391963.708316.21316.21319.06-11963101963.792315.99315.99319.00-11963111963.875317.12317.12319.10-11963121963.958318.31318.31319.25-1196411964.042319.57319.57319.67-1196421964.125-99.99320.07319.61-1196431964.208-99.99320.73319.55-1196441964.292-99.993

39、21.77319.48-1196451964.375322.25322.25319.42-1196461964.458321.89321.89319.69-1196471964.542320.44320.44319.58-1196481964.625318.70318.70319.81-1196491964.708316.70316.70319.56-11964101964.792316.79316.79319.78-11964111964.875317.79317.79319.72-11964121964.958318.71318.71319.59-1196511965.042319.443

40、19.44319.48-1196521965.125320.44320.44319.97-1196531965.208320.89320.89319.65-1196541965.292322.13322.13319.80-1196551965.375322.16322.16319.36-1196561965.458321.87321.87319.65-1196571965.542321.39321.39320.51-1196581965.625318.81318.81319.93-1196591965.708317.81317.81320.68-11965101965.792317.30317

41、.30320.36-11965111965.875318.87318.87320.87-11965121965.958319.42319.42320.26-1196611966.042320.62320.62320.63-1196621966.125321.59321.59321.10-1196631966.208322.39322.39321.16-1196641966.292323.87323.87321.51-1196651966.375324.01324.01321.18-1196661966.458323.75323.75321.52-1196671966.542322.39322.

42、39321.49-1196681966.625320.37320.37321.50-1196691966.708318.64318.64321.54-11966101966.792318.10318.10321.18-11966111966.875319.79319.79321.84-11966121966.958321.08321.08321.95-1196711967.042322.07322.07322.07-1196721967.125322.50322.50321.94-1196731967.208323.04323.04321.72-1196741967.292324.42324.

43、42322.05-1196751967.375325.00325.00322.27-1196761967.458324.09324.09321.94-1196771967.542322.55322.55321.66-1196781967.625320.92320.92322.04-1196791967.708319.31319.31322.19-11967101967.792319.31319.31322.36-11967111967.875320.72320.72322.78-11967121967.958321.96321.96322.86-1196811968.042322.57322.

44、57322.55-1196821968.125323.15323.15322.56-1196831968.208323.89323.89322.59-1196841968.292325.02325.02322.73-1196851968.375325.57325.57322.87-1196861968.458325.36325.36323.20-1196871968.542324.14324.14323.25-1196881968.625322.03322.03323.15-1196891968.708320.41320.41323.31-11968101968.792320.25320.25

45、323.32-11968111968.875321.31321.31323.32-11968121968.958322.84322.84323.69-1196911969.042324.00324.00323.98-1196921969.125324.42324.42323.89-1196931969.208325.64325.64324.41-1196941969.292326.66326.66324.35-1196951969.375327.34327.34324.57-1196961969.458326.76326.76324.63-1196971969.542325.88325.883

46、25.08-1196981969.625323.67323.67324.80-1196991969.708322.38322.38325.28-11969101969.792321.78321.78324.84-11969111969.875322.85322.85324.78-11969121969.958324.11324.11324.88-1197011970.042325.03325.03325.04-1197021970.125325.99325.99325.42-1197031970.208326.87326.87325.69-1197041970.292328.13328.133

47、25.86-1197051970.375328.07328.07325.27-1197061970.458327.66327.66325.52-1197071970.542326.35326.35325.51-1197081970.625324.69324.69325.76-1197091970.708323.10323.10325.93-11970101970.792323.16323.16326.15-11970111970.875323.98323.98325.96-11970121970.958325.13325.13326.06-1197111971.042326.17326.173

48、26.26-1197121971.125326.68326.68326.09-1197131971.208327.18327.18325.94-1197141971.292327.78327.78325.47-1197151971.375328.92328.92326.11-1197161971.458328.57328.57326.41-1197171971.542327.34327.34326.46-1197181971.625325.46325.46326.49-1197191971.708323.36323.36326.18-11971101971.792323.57323.57326

49、.58-11971111971.875324.80324.80326.82-11971121971.958326.01326.01327.02-1197211972.042326.77326.77326.86-1197221972.125327.63327.63327.05-1197231972.208327.75327.75326.52-1197241972.292329.72329.72327.41-1197251972.375330.07330.07327.21-1197261972.458329.09329.09326.94-1197271972.542328.05328.05327.

50、24-1197281972.625326.32326.32327.37-1197291972.708324.93324.93327.73-11972101972.792325.06325.06328.05-11972111972.875326.50326.50328.51-11972121972.958327.55327.55328.56-1197311973.042328.54328.54328.58-1197321973.125329.56329.56328.87-1197331973.208330.30330.30328.99-1197341973.292331.50331.50329.

51、12-1197351973.375332.48332.48329.60-1197361973.458332.07332.07329.96-1197371973.542330.87330.87330.09-1197381973.625329.31329.31330.43-1197391973.708327.51327.51330.43-11973101973.792327.18327.18330.23-11973111973.875328.16328.16330.17-11973121973.958328.64328.64329.66-1197411974.042329.35329.35329.

52、44-1197421974.125330.71330.71330.11-1197431974.208331.48331.48330.19-1197441974.292332.65332.65330.25-1197451974.375333.19333.19330.2515197461974.458332.12332.12329.9327197471974.542330.99330.99330.2031197481974.625329.17329.17330.3131197491974.708327.41327.41330.35291974101974.792327.21327.21330.29

53、291974111974.875328.34328.34330.33291974121974.958329.50329.50330.4731197511975.042330.68330.68330.8131197521975.125331.41331.41330.8628197531975.208331.85331.85330.4926197541975.292333.29333.29330.7730197551975.375333.91333.91330.9430197561975.458333.40333.40331.1829197571975.542331.74331.74330.922

54、7197581975.625329.88329.88331.0631197591975.708328.57328.57331.54301975101975.792328.36328.36331.46171975111975.875329.33329.33331.39251975121975.958-99.99330.59331.601197611976.042331.66331.66331.8225197621976.125332.75332.75332.1929197631976.208333.46333.46331.9929197641976.292334.78334.78332.2425

55、197651976.375334.78334.78331.8631197661976.458334.06334.06331.7425197671976.542332.95332.95332.0621197681976.625330.64330.64331.8731197691976.708328.96328.96331.94281976101976.792328.77328.77331.92301976111976.875330.18330.18332.33261976121976.958331.65331.65332.6924197711977.042332.69332.69332.7529

56、197721977.125333.23333.23332.6026197731977.208334.97334.97333.3629197741977.292336.03336.03333.3929197751977.375336.82336.82333.8730197761977.458336.10336.10333.7625197771977.542334.79334.79333.9628197781977.625332.53332.53333.9230197791977.708331.19331.19334.27271977101977.792331.21331.21334.433019

57、77111977.875332.35332.35334.59281977121977.958333.47333.47334.4831197811978.042335.10335.10335.1126197821978.125335.26335.26334.5828197831978.208336.61336.61334.9530197841978.292337.77337.77335.1128197851978.375338.01338.01335.0530197861978.458337.98337.98335.6027197871978.542336.48336.48335.6831197

58、881978.625334.37334.37335.8831197891978.708332.33332.33335.49241978101978.792332.41332.41335.66311978111978.875333.76333.76336.01281978121978.958334.83334.83335.7931197911979.042336.21336.21336.2331197921979.125336.65336.65335.9427197931979.208338.13338.13336.4029197941979.292338.94338.94336.2124197

59、951979.375339.00339.00336.0120197961979.458339.20339.20336.7930197971979.542337.60337.60336.7829197981979.625335.56335.56337.1029197991979.708333.93333.93337.17261979101979.792334.12334.12337.44281979111979.875335.26335.26337.54301979121979.958336.78336.78337.7624198011980.042337.80337.80337.9530198

60、021980.125338.28338.28337.7328198031980.208340.04340.04338.4331198041980.292340.86340.86338.2130198051980.375341.47341.47338.4531198061980.458341.26341.26338.7930198071980.542339.34339.34338.4826198081980.625337.45337.45338.9224198091980.708336.10336.10339.27261980101980.792336.05336.05339.322919801

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