新概念英語一冊語法專項復習統(tǒng)編課件

1、新概念英語一冊(Ce)語法專項復習第一頁，共六十五頁。一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進行時，一般過去時，現(xiàn)在完成時，一般將來時，過去進行時，過去完成時，過去將來時 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時 表示一般性(Xing)，經(jīng)常性(Xing)的動作或一般性(Xing)事實。含有be動詞的句子 He is a teacher. The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students. 變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Is he a teacher?Is the girl very beautiful?Are Tim and Jack students?時(Shi)態(tài)第二頁，共六十五

2、頁。肯定(Ding)回答及否定(Ding)回答Yes, he is. No, he is not. Yes, she is. No, she is not.Yes, they are. No, they are not變否定句在be動詞后面加notHe is not a teacher.The girl is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack are not students.不含有動詞的句子，即含有一般動詞的句子 第三人稱單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞 He likes books.She likes him.The dog likes bones.第三頁，共六十五頁。變疑問句

3、在句首加does, 動詞變?yōu)?Wei)原型 Does he like books?Does she like him?Does the dog like bones?變否定句在主語及動詞之間加doesnt, 動詞變?yōu)樵虷e doesnt like books.She doesnt like him.The dog doesnt like bones.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.Yes, she does. No, she doesntYes, it does. No, it doesnt.第四頁，共六十五頁。注意：第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動詞后面

4、加S，不要和名詞復數(shù)混淆，變否定(Ding)句或疑問句時名詞復數(shù)沒有任何變化。 其他人稱及復數(shù)名詞 I want to have a bath. We have some meat.The students like smart teachers.變疑問句在句首加doDo you want to have a bath? 肯定回答及否定回答Do we have any meat?Do the students like smart teachers?變否定句在主語和動詞之間加dont.You dont want to have a bath.We dont have any meat.The

5、students dont like smart teachers.第五頁，共六十五頁。動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式 規(guī)則1 e.g. likelikes, look-looks 規(guī)則2 e.g. dodoes, catch-catches ,fix-fixes, guess-guesses, brush-brushes規(guī)則3e.g. carrycarries, fly-flies ,play-plays第六頁，共六十五頁。2. 現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。構(gòu)成： 主語be動詞動詞的現(xiàn)在分(Fen)詞其它成分(Fen)We are having lunch.He is reading a bo

6、ok.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.第七頁，共六十五頁。動詞現(xiàn)在分詞 規(guī)則一 e.g. looklooking, readreading, playplaying 規(guī)則二 e.g. makemaking, taketaking, arrivearriving 規(guī)則三 e. g. runrunning, sitsitting, getgetting, swimswimming, stop-stopping 第八頁，共六十五頁。變疑問句將(Jiang)be動詞移到句首Are we havi

7、ng lunch?Is he reading a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimming across the river?變否定句在be動詞后面加 notWe are not having lunch.He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.第九頁，共六十五頁。特殊疑問句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑問詞動詞主語現(xiàn)在分詞

8、What are you doing?What is she doing?What is the dog doing? (必背)沒有進行時的動詞 表示狀態(tài)，思(Si)想，感情和感覺的動詞不能表示正在進行的動作1. 表示感覺，感官的詞see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has當”擁有”講時沒有進行時第十頁，共六十五頁。3. 一般(Ban)過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或事件， 常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,含有be動詞的句子， 將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，

9、am, is的過去式為was，are的過去式為were I was at the butchers. You were a student a year ago. The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago. 變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首 Were you at the butchers? Were you a student a year ago? Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago? 第十一頁，共六十五頁。變否定句在be動詞后面加(Jia)not I was not at the butch

10、ers. You were not a student a year ago. The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago. 肯定回答否定回答 Yes, I was. No, I was not. Yes, you were. No, you were not. Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not. 特殊疑問句： What did you do? (必背) 不含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式， I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a res

11、taurant.The Sawyers lived at King Streeta year ago.King Streeta year ago. 第十二頁，共六十五頁。動詞過去式 規(guī)則動詞變化 規(guī)則一 e.g. looklooked, watchwatched, play-played 規(guī)則二 e.g. makemaked, arrive-arrived 規(guī)則三 crycried, carry-carried 規(guī)則四 stopstopped, 過去式的讀音 在清輔音后面（除外）讀/t/ 在濁輔音和元音后讀/d/ 在/t/，/d/后讀/id/ e.g. walked, jumped e.g.

12、washed, watched e.g. waited, hated 第十三頁，共六十五頁。變疑問句(Ju)在句(Ju)首加did， 動詞變?yōu)樵虳id you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers live at King Streeta year ago?King Streeta year ago? 變否定句在主語和動詞之間加did notI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a resta

13、urant.The Sawyers did not live at King Streeta year ago.King Streeta year ago. 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Yes, he did. No, he didnt.Yes, they did. No, they did not.第十四頁，共六十五頁。4. 現(xiàn)在完成時 構(gòu)成：主語+助動詞have, has+過去分詞用(Yong)法：1) 表示過去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動作，常和just, usually, already, since等時間副詞連用 I have just had l

14、unch. (飽了，不用再吃了)He has had a cup of tea.（不渴了，不用再喝）They have already had their holiday. （不能再度假了）The boy has already read the book. （已經(jīng)知道書的內(nèi)容了，不用再看了）2) 表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作 I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 year.第十五頁，共六十五頁。句型變化： 變疑問句將助動詞移到句首，變否定句在助動詞后面加not.e.g. H

15、ave you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen. 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I have. No, I have not.特殊疑問句：What have you done?What has he done?一般過去時與(Yu)現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別： 凡是有明確的表示過去的時間狀語的句子為過去時 注意：有些動詞表示的動作有一個終點，不能再延續(xù)，因此不能和表示一段時間狀語連用錯：Ive left Beijing for 3 days. 對：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for

16、3 days.第十六頁，共六十五頁。5. 一般將來時 表示將來將要發(fā)生的動作(Zuo)， 經(jīng)常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours time, etc. 表示將來的詞聯(lián)用結(jié)構(gòu)： 主語+助動詞will+動詞原形I will go to America tomorrow. The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow mor

17、ning.變疑問句將助動詞移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?第十七頁，共六十五頁。變否定句在助動詞后(Hou)面加notI will not go to America tomorrow. The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into h

18、is new house tomorrow morning 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I will. No, I will not.Yes, he/she will. No, he/she will not.Yes, he will. No, he will not.特殊疑問句：What will you do?第十八頁，共六十五頁。6. 過去完成時： 用法：在過去的時間里(Li)，兩個動作中，發(fā)生在前的哪個動作要用過去完成時。結(jié)構(gòu)：had+過去分詞After she had finished her homework, she went shopping.They had sold the

19、 car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the station.After/before引導的時間狀語從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號，如果放在主句后則不用加。 變疑問句將助動詞移到句首Had she finished her homework? 變否定句在助動詞后面加notShe hadnt finished her homework.第十九頁，共六十五頁。 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, she had. No, she hadnt. 特殊疑問句：What had she done? 7. 過去進行

20、時 表示過去正在進行的動作,經(jīng)常用在when, while, as引導的狀語從句中。 結(jié)(Jie)構(gòu)：was/were+doingWhen my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped some coins on the floor.While we were having dinner, my father was watching TV.8 過去將來時 結(jié)構(gòu)：would doShe said she would go here the next morning.第二十頁，共六十五頁。1. Be goin

21、g to 結(jié)構(gòu) 表示打算，準備，計劃做某事結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(Yu)+be動詞+going to +動詞原型I am going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it. The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Are you going to make a bookcase?Are they going to paint it?Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?句(Ju)

22、型第二十一頁，共六十五頁。變否定句在be動詞后面加not I am not going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.肯(Ken)定回答及否定回答Yes, I am. No, I am not.Yes, they are. No, they are not.Yes, he is. No, he is not.特殊疑問句What are you going to do?What are they going to

23、do?What is the father going to do?第二十二頁，共六十五頁。2. There be 句型 表示哪(Na)里有什么東西(某處有某物)There is單數(shù)名詞表示場所的詞（一般為介詞詞組） There is a book in this room. There is a pen on the tableThere are復數(shù)名詞表示場所的詞（一般為介詞詞組） There are two pens on the table.There are three schools there. 變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Is there a book in this room?

24、Are there two pens on the table?第二十三頁，共六十五頁。變否定句(Ju)在動詞后面加notThere is not a book in this room. There are not two pens on the table. 肯定回答及否定回答Yes, there is. No, there is not. Yes, there are. No, there are not.第二十四頁，共六十五頁。3 問句： 一般疑問句，特殊疑問句，選擇疑問句，反意疑問句，選擇疑問句，否定疑問句 一般疑問句: 助(Zhu)動詞/be動詞+主語Are you a teach

25、er? Do you want to have a cup of tea?特殊疑問句: 特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句What is your name?選擇疑問句: orDo you want beef or lamb?反意疑問句: 肯定陳述句+否定疑問部分， 否定陳述部分+肯定疑問部分You dont need that pen, do you?否定疑問句: 一般疑問句+否定詞Arent you lucky? Dont you want have a rest?第二十五頁，共六十五頁。4、感嘆句1. What + a / an + adj + n What + adj + n What + n (

26、What a mess! / What a pity!)2. How + adj + 主(Zhu) + 謂 如：The dog is cute. What a cute dog! How cute the dog is!第二十六頁，共六十五頁。5. 祈使句： 祈使句（第二人稱） 祈使句表示請求(Qiu)，命令，建議，邀請等，謂語動詞一律用原型，句子中通常不用主語，句末用驚嘆好或者句號，用降調(diào)肯定句 動詞原型例， Come here, please. Go downstairs, please. Stand up. Sit down. Be quiet. Be careful. 祈使句中如果有喚

27、語，一定要用逗號隔開，放在句首或者句尾Come in, Amy.Sit down here, Tom. Mary, give me a book please.第二十七頁，共六十五頁。否定：Dont+動詞原型Dont come here.Dont sit down.Dont stand up.Dont give me it.let sb. do Let me pass.Let us have a rest. Lets have a rest.(反意疑(Yi)問)：Lets have a walk along the river, shall we?Let us go out for a dri

28、nk, will you? 第二十八頁，共六十五頁。6 倒裝句：so/neither的倒裝eg. He can swim. So can I.I didnt go to class. Neither did I.結(jié)構(gòu)： so/neither+be+ 主語so/neither+助動詞+ 主語so/neither+情態(tài)動詞+ 主語一般現(xiàn)在時, do, does/am, is, are現(xiàn)在進(Jin)行時, am, is, are一般過去時, did現(xiàn)在完成時, have, has一般將來時, will, shall,過去進行時，was, were過去完成時，had過去將來時, would 第二十九

29、頁，共六十五頁。代詞及be動詞 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 單數(shù) 復數(shù) 單數(shù) 復數(shù) 單數(shù) 主格 I we you you she/he/it 賓格 me us you you her/him/it 形容詞性物主代詞my our your your her/his/its 名詞性物主代詞 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its be動詞現(xiàn)在時 Am are are are is be動詞過去時 was were were were was 詞(Ci)類第三十頁，共六十五頁。規(guī)則一 一般加-er e.g. highhigher 規(guī)則二 以e結(jié)尾加-r nicenic

30、er 規(guī)則三 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加-er busybusier, 規(guī)則四 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾， 雙寫輔音字母再加-er fatfatter, 形容詞和副詞的比(Bi)較級 和 最高級 規(guī)則一 一般加-est e.g. highhighest 規(guī)則二 以結(jié)尾加-st nicenicest 規(guī)則三 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加-est busybusiest 規(guī)則四 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾， 雙寫輔音字母再加-est fatfattest 第三十一頁，共六十五頁。一. 限定詞：some, any, many, much some, any 修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，some用于肯定句，any用

31、于否定句和疑問句，注意(Yi)，當期待對方的答案為肯定回答時用some“許多”many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，在口語中表示很多一般不用many, much, 而用a lot of, 在否定句中表示很多用many, much.I have a lot of money. I dont have much money.第三十二頁，共六十五頁。二 名詞：種類，復數(shù)，名詞所有格 1名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞 無法分開的東西：water, tea, bread, milk, rice（米）抽象的東西：love, beauty, coldness（寒冷）不可數(shù)名詞有以下特點：不

32、能用a, an修飾(Shi)不能加s和單數(shù)be動詞或動詞搭配可數(shù)名詞： 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要用冠詞修飾，復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要在名詞后面加s,名詞復數(shù)共有以下幾種變化：第三十三頁，共六十五頁。規(guī)則1一般情況+se.g. shellshells bookbooks規(guī)則2以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾+ese.g. foxfoxes churchchurches, busbuses, watchwatches規(guī)則3以o結(jié)尾+s或+ese.g. potatopotatoes, NegroNegroes, heroheroes, tomatotomatoes，（口訣：黑人英雄愛吃土豆和西紅柿），剩下一般加s, ra

33、dioradios規(guī)則4以f, fe結(jié)尾的，變f, fe為vese.g. lifelives halfhalves, shelfshelves, citycities, wifewives規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾, 變y為i+ese.g. skyskies flyflies第三十四頁，共六十五頁。不規(guī)則變化的名詞復數(shù)形式單數(shù)manwomanfootgoose復數(shù)menwomenfeetgeese 單數(shù)childsheep deer mouse復數(shù)children sheepdeermice第三十五頁，共六十五頁。三副詞：用法及形容詞變副詞的變化副詞可以修飾(Shi)形容詞，動詞，副詞或整個句子

34、。如：The book is very good.He runs fast.She came here quite early.Certainly I will go with you.變化：1 直接在形容詞后加-ly,careful-carefully, slow-slowly,2 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞，把y變I, 加-ly,happy-happily, lucky-luckily3 有些詞形容詞和副詞的形式相同，不需要做任何變化fast, hard, late4 有些詞加上-ly后意思與原詞相差很遠：neary-nearly, high-highly, late-lately, 第三

35、十六頁，共六十五頁。四 情態(tài)動詞的使用：can, must, may, might, need, 1情態(tài)動詞can（能夠）, must（必須）, may（可以） 結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+can/must/may+動詞原型(Xing)He can make the tea.Sally can air the room.We can speak English.變疑問句將情態(tài)動詞移到句首Can he make the tea?Can Sally air the room?Can we speak English?第三十七頁，共六十五頁。變否定句在情態(tài)動詞后面加notHe cannot make the tea

36、.Sally cannot air the room.We cannot speak English.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he can. No, he cannot.Yes, she can. No, she cannot.Yes, we can. No, we cannot.特殊疑問句：What can you do?(必背)注意：情態(tài)動詞的句子沒有第(Di)三人稱單數(shù)的變化，不要在情態(tài)動詞或動詞后面加S。 第三十八頁，共六十五頁。2Must/have to的區(qū)別 must 表示必須，是(Shi)主觀上覺得應該做，have to是不得不，是由于客觀條件逼迫的必要要做must 只能用在

37、表示現(xiàn)在和將來的句子里，而have to do可以用在任何時態(tài)3must, may, might表示猜測： must do 表示對現(xiàn)在事實的猜測must have done表示對過去事實的猜測must have been doing 表示對過去正在進行的事實的猜測may/might do, may/might have done表示沒有任何事實依據(jù)的猜測，might的可能性更小。cant/couldnt 表示不可能第三十九頁，共六十五頁。4need 用法： 表示“需要”時(Shi)為實意動詞，后面可以加名詞，也可以加不定式：I need a pen. Do you need any beer?

38、 No, I dont.I need to have a rest.Need在否定時做情態(tài)動詞使用You neednt go so early. =You dont need to go so early.Must I clean the desk right now? No, you neednt.第四十頁，共六十五頁。一. 直接引語/間接引語 如果引語的主句所用動詞為過去時，那么間接引語要做相應變化：時態(tài)，人稱，時間地點及指示詞時態(tài)變化： 一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時一般過去時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時be going towas/were going

39、to/wouldcan-couldmay-might時間地點及指示詞的變化： herethere, tomorrowthe next day, the following day, thisthat人稱變化：一隨主，二隨賓，第(Di)三人稱不更新從(Cong)句第四十一頁，共六十五頁。二、賓語從句在句中作賓語，一般用that引導，但在口語中經(jīng)常省(Sheng)略掉that?？捎迷趕ay，think，believe，hope，know，understand，suppose等動詞之后；也可用在某些描寫感情的形容詞之后，如afraid，sure，sorry，glad等之后。第四十二頁，共六十五頁。時

40、態(tài) 1.如果主句是一(Yi)般現(xiàn)在時 ，從句的時態(tài)可根 據(jù)實際情況而定I know he lives here .I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow第四十三頁，共六十五頁。2.如果主句一般過去時，從句的時態(tài)一定要(Yao)用過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時， 過去完成時）I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father woul

41、d come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .第四十四頁，共六十五頁。3.當從句是客觀真理，定義，公(Gong)理，定理 時用一般現(xiàn)在時。The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.第四十五頁，共六十五頁。連(Lian)詞（引導詞）1.陳(Chen)述句 that第四十六頁，共六十五頁。2. 當賓語從句是一般疑問句時，由連詞whether或if引導（口語中常(Chang)用if），因為if/whether翻譯成：“是否”，具有一定的意義，所以不能省略Lily wanted to

42、know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .Lets see if /whether he can eat all these burgers.第四十七頁，共六十五頁。如果從句(Ju)中含有or或or not時，只能 用whether而不用ifCould you tell me whether thats a fast train or not ?Do you know whether he is right or not ?I dont care whether hell stay here or not .第四十八頁，共六十五頁。3. 當

43、賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞（what, who, whom, which, whose）或連接副詞（when, where, how, why）引導，因為連接代詞 或連接副詞在從句中擔任一定的句子成分，具(Ju) 有一定的意義，所以不可以省略Do you know what he said just now ? I dont remember when we arrived . I asked him where I could get so much money . Please tell me who (whom) we have to see .第四十九頁，共六十五頁。三、定語從

44、句修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞 + 句子關(guān)系代詞who, that, whom引導的定語從句: 如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應用who, that (作(Zuo)主語或賓語)whom (作賓語)第五十頁，共六十五頁。who / whom / that 作賓語：( 可省(Sheng)略)The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作(Zuo)賓語）The boy who(m) I m looking for is my friend. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night. The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.第五十一頁，共六十五頁。關(guān)系代詞that, which引導的定語從句: 如果先行(Xing)詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應用that、which. (作主語或賓語)第五十二頁，共六十五頁。