選項學(xué)習(xí)注意事項 (2)

1、Unit 5 Meeting your ancestorsReading: Language points 1. alternative n something that you can choose to do or use instead of something else 替換物 There are some alternatives to our plan. 有幾種方案可以代替我們的計劃。Explanation2. You must be aware that its here that weve found evidence of some of the earliest peopl

2、e who lived in this part of the world. 想必你們知道, 正是在這兒我們找到 了居住在世界這個部分最早人類的證據(jù)。 He had no alternative but to go there alone. 他別無選擇, 只好一個人去那兒。 a. You must be aware that主句后接由強調(diào)句和定語從句組成的賓語從句。 must是作為情態(tài)動詞表示肯定推測, 譯作“一 定, 肯定”。只用于肯定推測。 對現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵧茰y，用 “must do”。 You must be hungry after a long walk 走了很長的路, 你一定很餓。

3、 對正發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的事進(jìn)行推測, 用“must be doing”。 The light is on. He must be doing his homework now 燈亮著, 他一定正在做作業(yè)。 對過去的事進(jìn)行推測, 用“must have done”。 The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. 地是濕的, 昨晚一定下雨了。 此時, 應(yīng)注意反意疑問句的構(gòu)成。如果句中有表示過去的時間狀語, 反意疑問句用“didnt+主語”; 如果句中無表示過去的時間狀語, 反義疑問句用 “havent/hasnt+主語”。 He must have

4、 arrived here last night, didnt he? 他一定昨晚就來這兒了, 不是嗎? He must have arrived here, hasnt he? 他一定來這兒了, 不是嗎? b. aware adj意識到的, 知道的。通常用作表語。 We should be aware that a lot of animals are becoming endangered 我們必須清楚地認(rèn)識到許多動物正瀕臨滅絕的危險。 be aware of sth. 知道；意識到 Though most smokers are aware of the dangers of smoki

5、ng, they wont given up. c. its here that weve 是強調(diào)句,其基本句式是It is (was)+被強調(diào)部分+that (who)+句子其他部分。此結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)的成分僅限于主語,賓語和狀語。 It was your mother whom I met in the street 我在街上碰到的是你的母親。 It was in the street that I met your mother. 我是在街上碰到你母親的。 It was she who had been wrong. 錯的是她。 It is what you do rather than wha

6、t you say _ matters. (2005天津高考) A. that B. what C. which D. this 本題強調(diào)主語, 此時應(yīng)用that來引導(dǎo)。 d. “Who lived in this part of the world”是定語從句修飾先行詞 people。people在定語從句作主語, 故用關(guān)系代詞who來引導(dǎo)定語從句。3. Im sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? 很抱歉打擾你, 我想問問他們是怎么在這里生活的？ 句型“Im sorry.but.”是口語中委婉的表達(dá), “but”表示語義上的

7、轉(zhuǎn)折。 Are you free this weekend? Im sorry, but l have lots of work to do - 周末有空嗎? - 對不起, 我有大量的事要做。2) 打岔; 插嘴It is rude to interrupt. “Dont interrupt,” he said.1)阻斷, 中斷 His studies were interrupted by the war Dont interrupt him, for he hasnt finished yet. interrupt v. 打擾，打斷，阻礙。常有 “使停止(中斷)”的意思。His speech

8、 was constantly interrupted by applause. disturb v. 打擾, 妨礙。常指失去了正常的狀態(tài)或?qū)е吕щy產(chǎn)生。Bad dreams disturbed her sleep.區(qū)別: interrupt 和disturb4. We have found human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and ornaments. 我們在山的比較高的洞穴里發(fā)現(xiàn)了動物和人類的骨頭以及工具和裝飾品。as well as 1) conj. as well as 可

9、以用來連接兩個相同的成分, 如名詞, 形容詞, 動詞, 介詞, 通常不位于句首。意為“不但.而且”。2) prep. 相當(dāng)于besides, in addition to，意為“除.之外”, 后面通常接名詞或動詞。As well as eating five course meals, they drank two bottles of wine.She sings as well as playing the piano. Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance. 5. So we think it is reasonable t

10、o assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold 因此我們有理由認(rèn)為他們不顧寒冷住在這些洞穴里。regardless of the cold 不顧寒冷 assume vt. 1) to think that something is true although you have no proof of it 假定： 設(shè)想 The scientists assume that there are no animals on the moon 科學(xué)家設(shè)想月球上沒有動物。 2) to pretend 裝作 She assumed a

11、 look of surprise 她裝出一副吃驚的樣子。 6. regardless of prep. 1) without being affected by different situations, problems, etc. 不管; 不顧 He climbed the building, regardless of the danger 不管有多危險, 他還是爬上了大廈。 2) in spite of We will persevere regardless of past failures. 盡管以前我們失敗過, 但仍要堅持下去。 7. cut up: The worker cu

12、t up the wood. 工人將木頭劈碎。cut something into small pieces 切碎 8. That would have kept them warm, cooked the food and scared wild animals away as well. 他們用這火取暖、做飯, 還能用火嚇跑野獸。 1) would 表示猜測, 譯為“想必”、“肯定會”。2) keep them warm為keep+賓語+賓語補足語的結(jié)構(gòu)意為 “使.處于某種狀態(tài)（情況）”。用作賓語補足語常見的詞有現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞以及介詞短語。 He kept me wait

13、ing for half an hour. Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. 9. We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter. 我們一直在挖掘一層層的積灰, 幾乎有六米厚, 這說明他們可能整個冬季都在燒火。 a. “have been excavating”是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時, 表示從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 強調(diào)動作的繼續(xù)。 I

14、 have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still havent found it 我已經(jīng)找了三天我丟的書, 但仍沒找到。 b. 句中 “ which” 用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句, 先行詞為其前的句子。 c. suggest vt. to make evident indirectly; imply 意為“暗示, 意味, 表明” Her pale face suggests that she was ill. 她蒼白的臉色表明她病了。 The handwriting of the letter suggests tha

15、t the letter might be from a lady 從書信的字體上看, 寫信人是一位女性。A silence that suggested disapproval.沉默暗示著反對。His face suggest she is happy now 從他臉上能看出他現(xiàn)在很幸福。His bad manners suggest a lack of family education他的無禮反映了他缺乏家教。 但當(dāng)suggest作“建議”講時, 其用法為: (+doing) I suggest her going home at once 我建議她馬上回家。 +(that) should

16、 doI suggested (that) she (should) go home at once我建議她要馬上回家。-How do you _we go to Beijing for our holidays?-I think wed better fly there. Its much more comfortable. (2004福建高考)A. insist B. wantC. suppose D. suggest A: 你姐姐上哪兒去了? 聚會時我沒見到她。 B: 她可能和朋友游泳去了。 d. might have doneA: Where was your sister? I di

17、dnt see her at the partyB: She might have gone swimming with some friends10. Yes and so well preserved還保存得如此完好。這是省略的句子, 完整句應(yīng)是: and it is so well preserved (it指necklace) 11. Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have been specifically showing us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake 確實, 正如植物學(xué)分析具體顯示給我們的那樣, 附近所有的土地都曾是大型淺湖的一部分。 a. as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句常譯作“正如 那樣”。 As the proverb goes, “The enemy in disguise is just like the wolf in sheeps clothing.” 正如諺語所說的那樣, 偽裝的敵人就像是披著羊皮的狼。 b. part 前無 adj. 修飾時為不可數(shù)名詞, 前面不用冠詞；其前有adj. 修飾時為可數(shù)名