八年級英語上冊必備詞組及句子匯總

1、八年級上冊各單元知識點匯總Unit 1必背詞組與句子1.visit museums 參觀博物館2.go to summer camp去夏令營3.go tothe mountains 去爬山4.stay at home 呆在家5.go on vacation 度假6.study for tests 準(zhǔn)備考試7.meet anyone interesting 遇見有趣的人8.do/ buy something special做 買特別的東西9.somewhere interesting 有趣的地方10.take quite a few photos照很多照片11.most of the time

2、大多數(shù)時候12.taste really good/ great.嘗起來真好極了13.buy something for somebody= buy somebody something 為某人買某物14.in the countryside在農(nóng)村15.at a restaurant在飯店16.keep a diary寫日記17.arrive in / at= get to = reach 到達.18decide to do something 決定做19.near our hotel在我們的賓館附近20.try paragliding ( try doing something) 嘗試滑翔（

3、嘗試做.）21.feel like doing something 感到喜歡做， 好像22.ride bicycles to Georgetown 騎自行車到了喬治市23.a lot of new buildings 許多新建筑24.many of the old buildings許多老建筑25.Chinese traders from 100 years ago 100年前的中國商人26.enjoy walking around the town 喜歡在市里漫步27.walk up to the top of the hill步行上山頂28.start raining a little 開

4、始下小雨29.take the train乘火車30.waited over an hour for the train 等了兩個多小時的火車31.enough money 足夠的錢32.old enough足夠老33.another two hours 另外兩個小時34.a bag with some food and water裝有食物和水的口袋35.so that如此以至于36.keep going繼續(xù)走37.go on繼續(xù)38.jump up and down跳上跳下39.in excitement興奮地40.twenty minutes later20分鐘以后41.bring an

5、umbrella帶雨傘42.home cooking家常菜43.It was my first time there.這是我第一次到那兒。44.How did you like it?你認(rèn)為它怎么樣？= What did you think of it ?45.I really didnt see anything I liked.我實現(xiàn)在沒有看到我喜歡的東西。46.What a difference a day makes!多么不同的一天啊!47.Still on one seemed to be bored.然而沒有人看起來很厭倦。48.I wonder what life was lik

6、e here in the past我想知道在過去這兒的生活是什么樣子。49.Everything was great/ wonderful/ good /excellent /nice.一切都那樣的好。50.There was nothing much to do in the evening but read.晚上除了讀書以外無事可做。51.It was raining hard.雨下得很大。52.Because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.由于這個壞天氣，我們不能看見下面的任何東西。53.The food taste

7、d great because I was so hungry!因為我是如此的餓，食物嘗起來很好。54.But the next day was not as good. 但是，第二天就沒有那樣好了。55.The city looked wonderful from the top of the hill.從山頂上看，這個城市棒極了。56.We didnt have an umbrella so we were wet and cold.我們沒有帶傘，所以，我們?nèi)碛譂裼掷?。Unit 2必背詞組與句子1.help with housework幫助做家務(wù)2.hardly ever幾乎不3.on

8、weekends在周末4.exercise=do sports=play sports進行體育鍛煉5.once a week每同一次6.at least twice a month至少一月兩次7.three times a year一年三次8.use the Internet= go online上網(wǎng)9.go to the movies去看電影10.how often多久一次11.favorite program最喜愛的電影12.Animal world動物世界13.next week下周14.be free有空15.be full for somebody對某人來說已滿16.be full

9、of something裝滿了17.have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈和鋼琴課18.what kind of dance什么種類的舞蹈19.swing dance搖擺舞20.have to play tennis不得不打網(wǎng)球21.go to bed early早早上床睡覺22.a healthy breakfast一頓健康的早餐23.stay up late熬夜到很晚24.after school放學(xué)后25.be good/ bad for對有好壞處26.want somebody to do something想要某人做27.have good bad eatin

10、g habits有好壞的飲食習(xí)慣28.how many hours多少小時29.junk food = unhealthy food垃圾食品30.go camping in the country在鄉(xiāng)村野營31.ask somebody about something問某人關(guān)于某事32.free time activities空閑時間活動33.use of the Internet因特網(wǎng)的使用34.only fifteen percent of.僅僅百分之一十五的35.not at all根本不36.Not at all.沒關(guān)系37.the other ten percent另外的百分之十38

11、.use it for fun and not for homework為娛樂而用，不是為家庭作業(yè)而用39.the answers to our questions我們的問題的答案40.game shows游戲節(jié)目41.the most popular最受歡迎的42.by using the Internet通過使用因特網(wǎng)43.such as諸如44.start doing something = start to do something開始做45.before its too late不要等到太遲。未為晚矣46.watch TV for over 2 hours = watch TV fo

12、r more than 2 hours看電視超過2小時47.go to the dentist去看牙醫(yī)48.a 16-year-old high school student一個16歲的高中學(xué)生49.teeth cleaning牙齒的清潔50.almost every day幾乎每天51.a few times a year一年幾次52.shopping center購物中心53.start with. 以開始54.I cant stand milk我不能忍受牛奶55.Here are the results.下面就是結(jié)果56.We found that only fifteen percen

13、t of our students exercise every day.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)僅僅百分之十五的學(xué)生每天鍛煉。57.We all know that many students often go online, we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day.我們都知道很多學(xué)生經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)，我們很吃驚他們中有百分之九十的人每天上網(wǎng)。58.Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular.雖然很多學(xué)

14、生喜歡看體育節(jié)目，但游戲節(jié)目依然是最受歡迎的。59.It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.通過上網(wǎng)或看游戲節(jié)目來放松很好，但是我們認(rèn)為最好的放松方法還是通過鍛煉。60.Its healthy for the mind and the body.對思想和身體都很健康。61.So start exercising before its too late!開始鍛煉，為時不晚。62.Old habit

15、s die hard.舊習(xí)難改。Unit 3必背詞組與句子比較級：bad / badly/ill worse many / much more good / well better oldolder/elderfar farther / further little less詞組：1.play better than somebody 比某人打得更好2.sing more loudly clearly than somebody 唱得比某人更大聲清楚3.run faster than somebody 跑得比某人更快4.jump much a little higher than somebo

16、dy跳得比某人高得多 高一點兒5.work much a little harder than somebody工作比某人努力得多努力一點兒6.be much less hard-working 更不努力得多7.be much more hard-working努力得多8.get up earlier than somebody比某人起得更早9.work as hard as somebody和某人一樣工作努力10.be as friendly as somebody和某人一樣友好11.the singing competition yesterday昨天的唱歌比賽12.sing so wel

17、l唱得如此好13.Which one?哪一個？14.the one with shorter hair留著更短的頭發(fā)的那一個15.want to win想贏16.the most important thing最重要的事情17.learn something new學(xué)新東西18.have cool clothes穿漂亮衣服19.be talented in （doing）something在某方面有天賦20.do the same things as somebody (do) 和某人做一樣的事情21.be the same as somebody和某人一樣22.truly care abou

18、t somebody真正地關(guān)心某人23.make somebody laugh讓某人大笑24.a good listener一個好的傾聽者25.enjoy studying together喜歡一起學(xué)習(xí)26.be different from與不同27.help to bring out the best worst in somebody幫助激發(fā)出某人身上最好的最壞的品質(zhì)28.get better at something doing something變得擅長于做29.be better at something doing something than somebody比某人更擅長于30

19、.broke my arm把我的手臂弄折了31.feel better感到更好了32.talk about and share everything談?wù)摵头窒硪磺?3.be similar to與相似34.a friend who is similar to me與我相似的一個朋友35.a friend who is different from me與我不同的一個朋友36.weekend student helper周末學(xué)生助手37.primary school小學(xué)38.have a good grade in English有很高的英語等級39.get more information獲得

20、更多信息必背句子1.Sam has longer hair than Tom. = Sams hair is longer than Toms. Sam 的頭發(fā)比Tom的長2.Im taller now than I was 2 years ago = I was shorter 2 years ago than I am now.現(xiàn)在的我比兩年前更高了。3.I study harder now than I did 2 years ago. 現(xiàn)在的我比兩年前學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。4.I studied harder 2 years ago than I do now.兩年前的我比現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)更努力。5.

21、Who is smarter, your mother or your father?誰更聰明，你的老爸還是老媽？6.My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.媽媽告訴我好朋友像一面鏡子。7.Thats why I like reading books.那就是我為什么喜歡讀書。8.I think friends are like books you dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good.我認(rèn)為朋友像書，只要是好的就不必需要太多。9.Im shy so its not easy for

22、 me to make friends.我很害羞，所以交朋友對于我來說不容易。10.Its not necessary to be the same.沒有必要一樣。11.I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我不太關(guān)心朋友是否與我一樣。12.A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.真朋友在你需要是幫助你，打動你。13.In fact, shes funnier than anyone.事實上，她比任何人都更幽默。14.In w

23、hat ways are you different?你們在哪些方面不同？15.Is he different from you in any way?在某方面他與你不同嗎？16.Shes always there to listen.她總是準(zhǔn)備著傾聽。17.Huang Lei isnt as good at tennis as Larry. Huang Lei打網(wǎng)球不如Larry。Unit 4必背詞組與句子bad / badly/ill worse worst many / much more - mostgood / well better best oldolder/elder- old

24、est/eldestfar farther / further farthest/furthest little less- least詞組：1.the best movie theater 最好的電影院2.be close to = be near to= be not far from 離近3.buy tickets quickly非快地買票4.the shortest waiting time 最短的等待時間5.the most boring songs最乏味的歌曲6.be new in town新來鎮(zhèn)上7.pretty bad相當(dāng)差勁8.think of = think about 考

25、慮，想到9.show ones talents展示某人的才藝10.more and more popular越來越受歡迎11.around the world = all over the world = all through the world 全世界12.have one thing in common有一件相同的事情13.try to do something努力做某事14.look for尋找15.sing the most beautifully唱得最漂亮16.be up to you to do something由你決定做17.play a role in doing some

26、thing在之中起重要作用/ 扮演重要角色18.get a very good prize得到很好的獎勵19.for example例如20.in fact 事實上21.the best place to go to on weekends周末的最好去處22.meet my friends接朋友/和朋友見面23.the street performers街道表演者24.the place where you can enjoy your time你可以玩得高興的地方25.one of the small coffee shops 最小的咖啡店之一26.get a big plate of du

27、mplings for only five yuan 花5元買一大盤餃子27.take walks = take a walk = go for a walk散步28.the long waiting time長長的等待時間29.Dont worry!別著急30.be in a fun part of town位于城市的中心地帶31.an excellent piano player一個優(yōu)秀的鋼琴演奏者32.the most creative act.最具創(chuàng)意的表演33.play the guitar upside down倒立著彈吉它34.keep dropping the balls不斷地

28、掉球必背句子1.Hes much better than other actors at finding the most interesting roles.他在發(fā)現(xiàn)最有趣的角色方面比其他演員要擅長得多。2.How do you like it so far? = What do you think of it so far? = How do you feel about it so far?到目前為止，你認(rèn)為它怎么樣？3.I still dont really know my way around. 我依然不認(rèn)得周邊的路4.How far is it from your home? 從你

29、家去有多遠(yuǎn)？5.However, not everybody enjoys watching these shows.然而，不是每個人都欣賞這些表演。6.Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.有的人認(rèn)為那些表演都的生活經(jīng)歷是編造的。7.However, if you dont take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch.然而，假如你不把這些表演看得太當(dāng)真，它們還是值得看的。8.And one great thing about them is that th

30、ey give people a way to make their dreams come true.有關(guān)它們的一件了不起的事情是，它們給人們指明了一條讓他們的夢想成真的道路。9.Welcome to the neighborhood!歡迎你的到來。Wasnt that a great talent show?那不是一個很好的才藝表演嗎？10.I couldnt stop laughing.情不自禁地笑。11.Is there a good movie theater near here?附近有好的電影院嗎？12.Its called Movie World.被稱著Movie World13

31、.What do you think about the other stores?你認(rèn)為其它的商店怎么樣？14.Thanks for telling me!謝謝你告訴我。Unit5 必背詞組及句子1.want to do something 想做2.hope to do something 希望做3.expect to do something期待做4.plan to do something計劃做5.join sb （in something）參加某人的6.talk show 脫口秀7.sports show 體育節(jié)目8.talent show 才藝展9.game show 游戲節(jié)目10.

32、soap opera 肥皂劇11.scary movies 恐怖電影12.action movies 動作電影e out 出版，發(fā)行，（花）開，（太陽等）出來14.be ready to do something 準(zhǔn)備做15.try ones best to do something 盡最大努力做16.a symbol of Chinese culture中國文化的象征17.another cartoon character 另一個卡通形象18.one of the main reasons 最主要的原因之一19.dress up like a boy 裝扮得象我男孩子20.take her

33、fathers place to fight in the army 代替父親的位置去參軍打仗21.play Mulans role well 扮演木蘭演得好22.did a good job in the movie 在這部電影中演得好23.show her love for her family, friends and country向家人，朋友和國家顯示了她的愛24.see something enjoyable看令人高興的東西25.have a discussion about TV shows. 對電視節(jié)目進行討論26.Expect to learn a lot from talk

34、 shows期待從脫口秀中學(xué)到很多知識27.a great way to relax一個放松的好方法28.shows that are more educational= more educational shows 更有教育意義的節(jié)目29.a friend who is similar to you一個與你相似的朋友30.a place where you can enjoy time一個你可以享受快樂時光的地方31.good movies showing right now 現(xiàn)在正在上演的電影32.most of the movies on right now 大多數(shù)正在上演的電影33.o

35、ne very famous symbol in American culture 美國文化中一個非常著名的象征34.the black mouse with two large round ears 這只有著大而圓的耳朵的黑老鼠35.over 80 years ago 80多年前36.first appeared in the cartoon 第一次出現(xiàn)在卡通中37.when this cartoon came out當(dāng)這部卡通發(fā)行的時候38.the first cartoon with sound and music第一部有聲配樂卡通39.the man behind Mickey Mic

36、key身后的男人40.become very rich and successful變得富裕而成功必背句子1.Some people might ask how this cartoon animal became so popular. 有些人可能會問這個卡通動物怎樣變得如此受歡迎了呢。2.Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face any danger. Mickey象一個普通人，但是他總是努力面對任何危險。3.Mickey was unlucky and had many problems such as losin

37、g his house or girlfriend. Mikey是不幸的，總是面對很多問題，如推動房子或女朋友等。4.However, he was always ready to try his best.然而，他總是準(zhǔn)備盡最大努力。5.Most of them wanted to be like Mickey. 他們大多數(shù)都想象Mickey一樣。6.On November 18, 1978, Mickey became the first cartoon character to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.1978年11月18日，M

38、ickey 成為在好萊塢星光大道上擁有一顆星星的第一個卡通形象。7.Todays cartoons are usually not so simple as little Mickey Mouse, but everyone still knows and loves him.今天的卡通通常都不如Mickey Mouse那樣簡單，但是人人都知道他，熱愛他。8.Who has a pair of ears more famous than Mickeys? 誰有一雙比Mickey的耳朵更聞名于世的呢？9.I think those movies are so meaningless. 我認(rèn)為那些

39、電影如此地毫無意義。10.Id like to find out what different people think about a subject. 我喜歡發(fā)現(xiàn)不同的人對同一主題的看法。11.I hope to find out whats going on around the world. 我希望發(fā)現(xiàn)世界正在發(fā)生的事情。12.I hope to be a TV reporter one day.我希望有一我成為一個電視臺記者。13.I like to follow the story and see what happens next. 我喜歡續(xù)故事，并看看接下來會發(fā)生什么。Unit

40、 6 必背詞組與句子1.take singing/ acting lessons上唱歌/表演課2.a cooking school 烹調(diào)學(xué)校3.study medicine at a university在大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)4.the old man and the sea by Hemingway海明威學(xué)的老人與海5.write articles寫文章6.send them to magazines and newspapers 把它們發(fā)送給雜志社和報社7.make the soccer team 組建足球隊8.make resolutions下定決心9.make promises to someb

41、ody 向某人承諾10.make a New Years resolutions下定新年的決心11.make a weekly plan for schoolwork為學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)作周計劃12.make my family happy讓家人高興13.make your life easier讓你的生活更容易14.make yourself a better person 讓自己成為更好的人15.different kinds of resolutions不同種類的決心16.be able to keep resolutions能夠堅持決心17.be too difficult to keep太難

42、而不能堅持18.plan for the coming year為來年作計劃19.plan to do something計劃做20.promises you make to yourself你對自己許下的諾言21.promise themselves向自己許諾22.improve our lives改善我們的生活23.improving my physical health提升我的身體健康24.improving my relationships with my family改善我與家人的關(guān)系25.get good grades獲得好成績26.get a lot of exercise得到很

43、多鍛煉27.get back from school從學(xué)?；貋?8.learn another foreign language學(xué)習(xí)另一種外語，學(xué)習(xí)第二外語29.be not for somebody不適合于某人30.a kind of promise一種許諾31.tidy my room整理我的房間32.the most common kind最普通的一種33.at the beginning/ start of 在的開始34.write down something寫下35.start an exercise program 開始一個鍛煉計劃36.eat less fast food吃更少

44、的快餐37.have to do with self-improvement 與自我提升有關(guān)38.have one thing in common 有一個共同點39.have to find more time to study必須找更多的學(xué)習(xí)時間40.a time for making resolutions 下決心的時刻41.my own personal improvement我自己個人的進步42.take up a new hobby養(yǎng)成新的習(xí)慣43.sound difficult聽起來困難puter science計算機科學(xué)45.a job thats fun有趣的工作46.move

45、 to somewhere搬到某地去47.learn how to teach children學(xué)習(xí)怎樣教孩子48.finish high school and college first首先讀完高中和大學(xué)49.grow up 長大50.go to a soccer camp參加足球訓(xùn)練營51.be sure about something 對很肯定52.make sure 保證53.try ones best to do something盡最大努力做必背句子1.What do you want to be/ become when you grow up?當(dāng)你長大的時候想當(dāng)什么？（狀語從句

46、）2.I want to be computer programmer/ bus driver/ basketball player/ engineer/ cook/ teacher/ pilot/ scientist/ doctor/ violinist/ pianist /actor /actress/ singer/ race car driver/ reporter我想當(dāng)（職業(yè)名稱）3.My parents want me to be a doctor, but Im not sure about that.我的雙親想要我當(dāng)醫(yī)生，但我還不確定。4.How are you going t

47、o do that? 你打算怎樣做呢？（表打算）5.Im going to practice basketball every day.我打算每天練習(xí)籃球。（表打算）6.Where/ When are you going to study?你打算在哪兒/什么時候去學(xué)習(xí)？（表打算）7.I know why youre so good at writing stories.我知道你為什么如此擅長于寫故事。（賓語從句）8.I m going to keep on writing stories.我打算堅持寫故事。9.Not everyone knows what they want to be.不是

48、每個人都知道他們想當(dāng)什么？（部分否定，賓語從句）10.Just make sure you try your best. 只要確信你盡了最大努力。11.Then you can be anything you want. 那么你就可以當(dāng)你想當(dāng)?shù)牧?。（定語從句）12.For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! 由于這個原因，最好的決心就是沒有決心。13.My New Years resolution is to get good grades.我的新年決心是取得好成績。（動詞不定式

49、作表語）Unit 7 必背詞組與句子1.live to be 200 years old 活到200 歲2.live on the earth居住在地球上3.live on a space station 生活在空間站4.live with somebody 和某人生活在一起5.use the subway less更少使用地鐵6.very big and crowded非常大而擁擠7.prediction about the future關(guān)于未來的預(yù)測8.a book about future一本關(guān)于未來的書9.in the future在未來10.be more crowded and p

50、olluted 更擁擠，更污染11.be in (great) danger處于（巨大的）危險中12.have to do something不得不做13.fly to other planets飛到另外的星球14.play a part in saving the earth在拯救地球中起重要作用15.blue skies藍色的天空16.spend time together on weekends周末在一起度過17.fly rockets to the moon飛火箭到月球18.an apartment across the street from here這條街道的對面的公寓19.wat

51、ch movies about the future看關(guān)于未來的電影20.human servants人類仆人21.do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places做那些在又臟又危險的地方的工作22.do simple jobs over and over again反反復(fù)復(fù)做證簡單的工作23.help to do something幫助做24.get bored變得厭倦25.make robots look more like humans使機器人看起來象人類26.disagree with somebody不同意某人的意見27.agree

52、with somebody同意某人的意見28.If buildings fall down with people inside要是樓房倒塌，把人壓在里面29.look for 尋找30.at some point, 在一定的時候，31.do the same things as we can 做我們能做的事情32.keep a bird養(yǎng)鳥33.look less smart看起來沒有那么漂亮34.take a holiday度假35.the meanings of words單詞的意思36.fresh water淡水37.clean air清新的空氣38.clean the kitchen

53、打掃廚房39.fly up in to the sky飛上天空40.in the world在世界上41.pretty far from離相當(dāng)遠(yuǎn)必背句子1.Are you kidding?你開玩笑吧？2.Will people have robots?人們會擁有機器人嗎？Yes, they will. / No, they wont. 3.Everything will be free.一切都將是免費的。4.Books will only be on computers, not on paper.書將會只存在于電腦上，而不是在紙上。5.Theyll study at home on comp

54、uters.他們將在家里的電腦上學(xué)習(xí)。6.There will be only one country in the world.世界上將只有一個國家。7.There will be less pollution.污染將更少。8.What will the future be like?未來會象什么樣子？9.We never know what will happen in the future.我們永遠(yuǎn)不知道未來將會發(fā)生什么。10.And my apartment will be no good for pets.我的公寓將不適合于寵物。11.I think so.我認(rèn)為是這樣。12.I d

55、ont think so.這認(rèn)為不是這樣。13.I hope so.我希望如此。14.I hope not我希望不這樣。15.In 50 years, people will have more free time because there will be less things to do.50年后，人們將有更多的空閑時間，因為他們會有更少的事情做。16.In 20 years, I think Ill be a newspaper reporter. 20 年以后，我想我會成為一個報社記者。17.However, some scientists believe that although

56、 we can make robots move like people, it will be difficult to make them really think like a human.然而，一些科學(xué)家相信，盡管我們能夠讓機器人象人類一樣運動，但讓他們象人類一樣真正地思考卻很困難。18.For example, scientist James White thinks that robots will never be able to wake up and know where they are.例如，科學(xué)家James White 認(rèn)為，機器人將不能夠清醒得知道他們身處何處。19.

57、This was not possible 20 years ago, but computers and rockets also seemed impossible 100 years ago. 這在20年前是不可能的，但是計算機和火箭在100年前也是看起來不可能的。20.You should also remember that there will be both good and bad things in life.你也應(yīng)該記住，生活中有好事也有壞事。21.As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of people.作為一個記者，我想我會遇到

58、許多人。22.During the week, Ill wear smart clothes. 在周日期間，我將穿漂亮的衣服。23.Ill have fewer pets, though, because Ill have less free time.我將養(yǎng)更少的寵物，因為我將有更少的空閑時間。24.Some robots are very human-like/ bird-like /ball-like / dog-like. 有些機器人象真人/鳥兒/ 球/狗一樣。25.Im not scared（afraid）.我不怕Unit 8 必背詞組及句子必背詞組1.turn on the ble

59、nder打開食物攪拌器（turn on）2.turn off關(guān)掉（電器等）3.cut up the banana 把香蕉切碎4.cut the turkey into thin pieces把火雞切成薄片（cut into pieces）5.make banana milk shake/ fruit salad/ a cheese sandwich/ 做香蕉奶吸/水果沙拉/奶酪三明治6.pour something into把倒進7.put something in /into / on把放到里面/ 上面8.put another piece of bread on top再放一片面包在最上面

60、9.put this into a bird把這個塞進鳥肚子里10.peel three bananas剝?nèi)齻€香蕉11.Russian soup俄羅斯湯12.add some water 加些水13.cook them for 30 minutes烹調(diào)30分鐘14.cook for another 10 minutes 再烹調(diào)10分鐘15.cook it at a very high temperature 以非常高的溫度烹調(diào)16.One more thing 還有一件事17.forget to do something忘記做18.First, Then, Next, Finally,首先，然