動力因數(shù)繪制大作業(yè)

1、坦克學(xué)大作業(yè)姓名：楊福威學(xué)號：11201106832014-5-11動力學(xué)作業(yè)-2014年、已知條件：發(fā)動機外特性表1發(fā)動機的外特性數(shù)據(jù)nf(r/niin)10001200140016001800200022002300Pf(kW)474589697792867918935935Tf(Nm)45314690475447254601438440593882最大功率點時發(fā)動機風(fēng)扇損失功率Ps=116kWo空氣濾清器、排氣裝置的功率損失在合理的范圍內(nèi)自己選取。傳動簡圖：齒輪嚙合次數(shù)46次。（自己選?。８鲹鮽鲃颖龋呵皞鲃颖龋篿q=0.68；變速箱傳動比：ibi=7.353論=3.783ib3=2.7

2、13ib4=1945ibs=1395ib6=l;側(cè)傳動傳動比：ic=5.387。車重：戰(zhàn)斗全重時質(zhì)量M=50噸。履帶中心距：B=2.79m主動輪半徑：rz=0.318m主離合器的儲備系數(shù)為卩=2.0o坦克高（地面至炮塔頂）：2.19m空氣阻力系數(shù)：Cd=0.5。8各擋離合器結(jié)合時質(zhì)量增加系數(shù)iblib2ib3】b4ib5ib63.9031.8231.53913941.3041.2579.二擋起步，起步擋加速第一階段末的發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速為其最大扭矩點的轉(zhuǎn)速，并假設(shè)起步擋離合器分離時的質(zhì)量增加系數(shù)為1.2。不考慮其他擋位的加速第一階段。二、作業(yè)1、根據(jù)已知條件繪制發(fā)動機的外特性曲線。2、根據(jù)已知條件做出

3、該坦克的動力特性曲線。3、繪制該坦克的1/a-v曲線，計算在良好路面上032km的加速時間,計算加速距離，并對其加速性、起步性做出評價。三、要求每人獨立完成作業(yè)；作業(yè)中應(yīng)明確所用公式及所選參數(shù)；作業(yè)書寫工整，規(guī)范，用紙標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；使用計算機，交作業(yè)時要附程序。解：1、代碼：n=1000:200:2200;n=n,2300;Pf=474,589,697,792,867,918,935,935;Tf=4531,4690,4754,4725,4601,4384,4059,3882;AX,Hl,H2=plotyy(n,Pf,n,Tf,plot,);set(AX(l),XColor,k,YColor,r,);

4、set(AX(2),XColoi,k,YColor,r,);HHl=get(AX(l),Ylaber);set(get(AX(l),rYlaber),String*,率/Kwr);set(get(AX(2)/Ylaber),String*,1扭矩/N.m1);title。發(fā)動機外特性曲線Jlegend(*功率T扭矩J;xlabel(轉(zhuǎn)速nf/min);gridon轉(zhuǎn)速nmin2、(1)求各檔傳動比:匸iqXU，則各檔傳動比如下111?1314151626.93513.8589.9387.1255.1103.663(2)己知rz=0.318m,由V=0.377nfG/i,計算各檔在不同轉(zhuǎn)速卞的車

5、速代碼：nf=10000000000;120000000001600000000020000000000;22000000000;23000000000;匸26.935,0,0,0,0,0;0,13.858,0,0,0,0;0,0,9.93&0,0,0;0,0,0,7.22500;0,0,0,0,5.110,0;0,0,0,0,0,3-663;E=eye(6);ii=E/i0.03710000000.07220000000.1006000000019570000000.2730i=0.0317,0.0722,0.10

6、06,0.1404,0.1957,0.2730;0.0317,0.0722,0.1006,0.1404,0.1957,0.2730;0.0317,0.0722,0.1006,0.1404,0.1957,0.2730;0.0317,0.0722,0.1006,0.1404,0.1957,0.2730;0.0317,0.0722,0.1006,0.1404,0.1957,0.2730;0.0317,0.0722,0.1006,0.1404,0.1957,0.2730;0.0317,0.0722,0.1006,0.1404,0.1957,0.2730;0.0317,0.0722,0.1006,0.1

7、404,0.1957,0.2730;v=0377*0.318*nf*iv=4.57158.890213.925120.413728.334854.54185.485810.668216.710224.496434.001865.45026.400112.446219.495228.579239.66877635867314414.224322.280232.661945.335787.26698.228716.002325.065236.744651.002698.17539.143017.780327.850340.827456.6696109.083710.057319.558430.63

8、5344.910162.3365119.992110.514420.447432.027846.951565.1700125.4462表一各檔在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的速度表（單位：km/h）轉(zhuǎn)速/檔位一檔二檔三檔四檔五檔六擋10004.57158.890213.925120.413728.334854.541812005.485810.668216.710224.496434.001865.450214006.400112.446219.495228.579239.668776.358616007.314414.224322.280232.661945.335787.266918008.228716.0

9、02325.065236.744651.002698.175320009.143017.780327.850340.827456.6696109.0837220010.057319.558430.635344.910162.3365119.9921230010.514420.447432.027846.951565.1700125.4462（3）計算效率心）動力裝置的效率：空氣濾清器的損失功率為發(fā)動機最大功率的2%4%,取3%,則空氣濾清器損失功率Pl=935x3%=28.05Kw排氣裝置的損失功率為發(fā)動機最大功率的1%2%,取1%,則排氣裝置損失功率P2=935xl%=9.35KWoPe=P

10、emax()nep動力裝置的效率=(PfPl-P2Pf)/Pfo可以得到各檔在不同檔位下動力裝置的效率兔：表二各檔在不同檔位下動力裝置的效率轉(zhuǎn)速/檔位一檔二檔三檔四檔五檔六擋10000.81470.81470.81470.81470.81470.814712000.83370.83370.83370.83370.83370.833714000.84500.84500.84500.84500.84500.845016000.85090.85090.85090.85090.85090.850918000.85220.85220.85220.85220.85220.852220000.84940.8

11、4940.84940.84940.84940.849422000.84130.84130.84130.84130.84130.841323000.83590.83590.83590.83590.83590.8359傳動裝置的效率：假設(shè)齒輪嚙合為圓柱齒輪嚙合5次。圓柱齒輪嚙合效率一般為0.97-0.98,取0.97,則傳動裝置的效率為Ych=0.975=0.8587.行動裝置的效率：Yxd=0.95-0.0017IZ表三各檔不同轉(zhuǎn)速下行動裝置的效率轉(zhuǎn)速檔位一檔二欄三檔四檔i檔六檔10000.9435093530.9295092140.91010.8944200(.94220.93230.9254

12、0.91570.90210.88321000.9410C.92940?2130.90990.89420.3721500(.939709265091720.90420.88620.8610300(.938409235091310.89850.87820.8498)00(.93710.9206090900.89280.87020.8387200().935809176090490.88700.86230.8276300().935109162090280.88420.85830.8220總效率：il=x?c/ixdo表四各檔在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的總效率轉(zhuǎn)速/檔位一檔二檔三檔四檔五檔六擋10000.6601

13、0.65430.65030.64460.63670.625712000.67450.66740.66250.65550.64580.632314000.68280.67440.66850.66020.64880.632816000.68660.67700.67020.66070.64750.629118000.68670.67580.66820.65750.64270.621920000.68350.67150.66300.65120.63470.611722000.67600.66290.65370.64080.62290.597923000.67120.65760.64800.63470.

14、61610.5900(4)計算動力因數(shù)D：(a)計算計算牽引力弓:T廠irj表五各檔在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的計算牽引力(單位：102k/V)轉(zhuǎn)速/檔位一檔二檔三檔四檔五檔六擋10002.53321.29200.92080.65440.46360.326612002.67951.36410.97100.68880.48670.341614002.74941.39710.99320.70320.49570.346516002.74791.39390.98960.69940.49160.342418002.67621.35500.96080.67780.47520.329620002.53811.28280.

15、90840.63960.44710.308922002.32431.17250.82930.58270.40630.279623002.20701.11250.78620.55200.38430.2638(b)計算空氣阻力_CdAv2k=21.15取Cd=0.5,A=0.85x2.79x2.19=5.1936m2o得到各檔在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的空氣阻力表六各檔在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的空氣阻力(單位：N)轉(zhuǎn)速/檔位一檔二檔三檔四檔五檔六擋10001.77339.19917.859134.785667.5845131.519712002.553613.246525.717150.091397.3214189.388

16、614003.47561&030135.00386&1798132.4658257.77816004.539623.549345.719789.0512173.0161336.6918005.745529.804757.8639112.7054218.9731426.123720007.093336.795771.4369139.1424270.338526.07922008.582744.523186.4385168.3623327.1085636.554123009.380848.662794.4748184.0159357.5219695.7381(O計算動力因數(shù)DD=(FrFk)/G表

17、七各檔在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的動力因數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)速/檔位一檔二檔三檔四檔五檔六擋10000.50660.25840.18410.13080.09260.065112000.53590.27280.19420.13770.09710.067914000.54990.27940.19860.14050.09890.068816000.54960.27870.19780.13970.09800.067818000.53520.27090.19200.13530.09460.065120000.50760.25650.18150.12760.08890.060722000.46480.23440.16570.11620

18、.08060.054623000.44140.22240.15700.11000.07610.0514(5)畫圖代碼：D=0.50660.25840.18410.13080.09260.06510.53590.27280.1942013770.09710.06790.54990.27940.1986014050.09890.06880.54960.27870.1978013970.09800.06780.53520.27090.1920013530.09460.06510.50760.25650.1815012760.08890.06070.46480.23440.1657011620.080

19、6005460.44140.222401570011000076100514v=3.80048.655811060516.832023461732.7289,4.560510.386914472620.198428.15439.2747,5.320512.118116884723.564832.846445.8204,6.080613.849219.296926.931237.5387523662,6.840715.580421.70930.29764123158912,7.600817.311524.121133.66446.9234654578,8.360819.042726.533237

20、.030451.6157720035,8.740919.908327.739238.713653.961975.2764,;plot(v，F(xiàn)j),xlabelCv/(km/h)ylabeKD)titleC發(fā)動機動力特性曲線，)gtext(r)gtextCZ1)gtext(3)gtext(4)gtext(5)gtext(6)gndon發(fā)動機動力特性曲線v/(km/h)3、由表一。可知要加速到32km/h,需要到四檔。(a)加速第一階段：x=事(0，D吹-/)5取/b=0.03,二檔起步，二檔第一階段：Dmax=0.2794,兮=1.823,卩=2.0,帶入得巧i=2.8427(m/s2)，起步擋

21、加速第一階段末的發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速為其最犬扭矩點的轉(zhuǎn)速,差表可知，當(dāng)n=1400rpm的時候，轉(zhuǎn)矩最人。此時車速為=12.1181km/h=3.3613m/s。Vj=Vq+3.6%211v0=0,得切=1.18SOS21=t+0.5%it1=0+0.5xl6717x1.262=1.98mo3.6(b)加速第二階段X2=J-(D-./o)0!=3.903,02=1.823,03=1.539,04=1344,05=1.304,06=1二8&可得各檔不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的加速度比表八各檔不同轉(zhuǎn)速卜加速度轉(zhuǎn)速/檔位一檔二檔三檔四檔五檔六擋10001.19681.22770.98140.73500.47030.26671

22、2001.27031.30521.04530.78510.50470.288714001.30541.34061.07340.80580.51760.295216001.30461.33711.06870.79990.51090.287718001.26861.29521.03190.76810.48540.266820001.19921.21750.96490.71200.44260.233822001.09181.09890.86400.62860.38040.187523001.03291.03430.80900.58360.34680.1627表九各檔不同轉(zhuǎn)速卜的1/比轉(zhuǎn)速/檔位一檔二

23、檔三檔四檔五檔六擋10000.83560.81451.01891.36052.12623.749312000.78720.76620.95671.27371.98163.464014000.76610.74590.93161.24101.93213.387916000.76650.74790.93571.25011.95723.476018000.78830.77210.96911.30202.06003.747920000.83390.82131.03631.40452.25964.276322000.91590.91001.15741.59072.62915.334523000.96810

24、.96681.23611.71362.88336.1477代碼:1=(3.903,1323,1539,1.344,1304,1.288;3.903,1.823,1.539,1344,1.304,1.288;3.903,1.823,1.539,1344,1.304,1.288;3.903,1.823,1.539,1344,1.304,1.288;3.903,1.823,1.539,1344,1.304,1.288;3.903,1.823,1.539,1344,1.304,1.288;3.903,1.823,1.539,1344,1.304,1.288;3.903,1.823,1.539,1.34

25、4,1.304,1.288,；D=0.50660.25840.18410.53590.27280.19420.54990.27940.19860.54960.27870.19780.53520.27090.19200.50760.25650.18150.46480.23440.16570.44140.222401570 x2=98*(0-003)./X2=l./x2;plot(v,X2),xlabelCv/km/lT)ylabelCl/a1)013080.09260.0651;013770.09710.0679,014050.09890.0688,013970.09800.067&013530

26、.09460.0651;012760.08890.0607;011620.08060.0546,011000076100514,gndongtext(T)gtextCZ1)gtextCS1)gtext(Q)gtext(f)gtext(6)1/a-v曲線v/km/h求v/av曲線代碼：Xv.*X2/36；plot(v,X);xlabelCv/m/s),ylabelCv/a咲titleCv/a-v曲線*);gndon利用matlab中工具cuivefittingtool對l/av曲線進行3階擬合二檔1/a與v的函數(shù)關(guān)系式：f(v2)=0.004336v23+0.00584v22-0.2128v2+

27、l.231:三檔1/a與v的函數(shù)關(guān)系式：f(v3)=000246v33-0.001086v32-0.1752v3+1.523；四檔1/a與v的函數(shù)關(guān)系式:f(v3)=0.000602313-0.003759v42-0.09718v4+1.983；利用matlab中工具cuivefittingtool對v/a-v曲線進行3階擬合二檔v/a與v的函數(shù)關(guān)系式：f(v2)=0.07641V23-0.6322v22+2.306v2-1001；三檔v/a與v的函數(shù)關(guān)系式：f(v3)=005463v33-0636v32+3168v3-2.13；四檔v/a與v的函數(shù)關(guān)系式:f(v4)=004418v43-0.

28、7288v42+4.934v4-5.324；對于l/a-v曲線，利用matlab求出二檔與三檔的交點速度。代碼：symsv,solve(0004336*v八3+000584*vA2-0.2128*v+1.231=0.00246*vA3-0.001086*vA2-0.1752*v+1.523得v=5.3884m/s.則二檔第二階段加速時間切=蠶(0.0043361+0.00584v22-0.2128v2+1.23l)du=l6143s。二檔加速第三階段：23=-f/o=-9.8x0.03-1.2=-0.245m/s2.假設(shè)駕駛員換擋時間為Is。則二檔第三階段終了速度v23=5.3884-0.245xl=5.1434m/s。行駛位移S23=u23t-Q.5x23t2=5.3884xl-0.5x0.245xl=5.2659m同理，三檔與四檔的交點速度：代碼：symsv,solve(,0.00246A3-0.001086*vA2-0.1752*v+1.523=0.