高中英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)詞及短語(yǔ)辨析

1、高中英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)詞及短語(yǔ)辨析（I ）.about ; around ; round 作副詞時(shí)都含四處、遍地的意思。about系常用詞,如:look about 四處看。around 具有about 的基本意思，因此look about=look around,但在下列短語(yǔ)里 around沒(méi)有about正式，如：travel around各處旅行round和around 在非正式用法中可以互換，但一般用round 時(shí)更簡(jiǎn)練。在正式用語(yǔ)中，一般用round指“旋轉(zhuǎn)”，而用around指“處處”，“到處”,如： She turned round at such a noise.聽(tīng)到這樣的吵聲，她回頭看。

2、I have been looking for it all around.我至 U處者 B 找過(guò)了。另外，英國(guó)人用round的地方，美國(guó)人傾向于用 around,如：英Winter comes round.美Winter comes around.above all ; after all ;3tIabove all 意為“尤其是、“首先”、“最重要的是”，常位于句首或句中，作插入語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào) 作用。如：But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些告訴我該做什么。A clock must above all keeps good t

3、ime .時(shí)鐘最重要的是必須走得準(zhǔn)。肝tor all意為“畢竟”、“終究”、“終歸”、“到底”，在句中位置較靈活?？晌挥诰涫?、句 中或句末。如：After all , your birthday is only two weeks away .畢竟，兩周后就是你的生日。He is , after all , a small child .他畢竟還是個(gè)小孩子。He failed after all .他終于失敗了。句時(shí)，常譯為“當(dāng)真；實(shí)在” 等），意為“竟然”等。如： He doesn t like you at all Are you going to do it at allcit al I

4、用于否定句時(shí)，意為“絲毫；根本”，用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)意為“究竟；到底”，用于條件O用于肯定句中，表示說(shuō)話人的某種情緒或情感（如懷疑或驚奇.他根本不喜歡你。?你究竟做不做這件事？If you do it at all.他竟然來(lái)了，我很驚訝。,do it well.若你真要做這件事，就得做好。I was surprised at his coming at all. add; add to; add to; add up toHdd作“加，增加”解時(shí)，既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可用作不及物動(dòng)詞；作“又說(shuō)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)” 解時(shí)，與直接或間接引語(yǔ)連用。如：If the tea is too strong, add som

5、e more hot water. 如果茶太濃了，再加點(diǎn)開(kāi)水。After a short while, he added that he would try his best. 過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，他又接著說(shuō)他會(huì)盡力。add to意為“增添，增加，增進(jìn)”。如：The bad weather added to our difficulties. 惡劣的天氣增加了 我們的困難。add. to意為“把加到”，是把前一項(xiàng)加到后一項(xiàng)之后或之中。如：Add two to seven, and you will get nine. 七力口二等于九。a血”P匚門意為“加起來(lái)總共是/累計(jì)得”，該短語(yǔ)不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：

6、All his school education added up to no more than one year. 他的學(xué)校教育力口起來(lái)不過(guò)一年。. affair; thing; matter; business疔Hi意為事情、事件”，含義較廣，泛指已做或待做的事；復(fù)數(shù) affairs 一般指商業(yè) 事務(wù)及政府的日常事務(wù)，如財(cái)政管理、外交事務(wù)等。此6咤意為“事情、事物”，不管大事小事、好事壞事均稱為thing , 一般不能專指事務(wù)；復(fù)數(shù)things還可作形勢(shì)”解。naltd側(cè)重指須留心的要事或問(wèn)題、難題。血力“內(nèi)作“事務(wù)、事情”解時(shí)，一般不能用復(fù)數(shù)，常常指所指派的任務(wù)、責(zé)任；有時(shí)說(shuō) 的是指派

7、的工作或商業(yè)上的買賣活動(dòng)。a great deal; a grutit deal ofa翻型t dcai用作名詞，意為“大量”，“許多”，作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)；用作副詞，意為“很” 或“非常”，作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞或用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)比較級(jí)。如：A great deal has been studied and this is the best way. 經(jīng)過(guò)大量研究后，這（被認(rèn)為）是最好的辦法。We are a great deal cleverer than before. 我們比以前聰明多了。a肛皿t dual uf意為“大量的”，“非常多的”，相當(dāng)于much,作定語(yǔ)，后接不可數(shù)名詞。 如：A great d

8、eal of time/ money/ energy has been spent on the project .大量的時(shí)間/金錢/能源花在那個(gè)工程上了。. agree on ； agree to ; agree with ； agree that 期IE作”就取得一致意見(jiàn)”解。例如：The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.上月，就建一座新汽車廠之事達(dá)成了協(xié)議。 有兩層含義和用法：其一是to作為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)，其后跟動(dòng)詞原形，作“同意（答應(yīng)）做某事”解。例如：My father agreed to buy a ne

9、w pen for me. 父親答應(yīng)給我買支新鋼筆。其二是to作為介詞，之后跟表示“計(jì)劃/條件/建議等一類的名詞或代詞”。例如：They have a greed to our plan . 他們已同意我們的計(jì)劃。儂i其附1作同意某人的意見(jiàn)”解，其后可跟表示人的名詞或代詞，也可跟表示“意見(jiàn)” 或“說(shuō)的話”的名詞或從句。例如：He agreed with my opinions . 他同意了我的意見(jiàn)。We agreed with what he said at the meeting. 我們同意他在會(huì)上講的話。亂肛其that作“認(rèn)為”解，其后跟賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：I agree that your

10、composition is very good. 我認(rèn)為你的這篇作文寫得不錯(cuò)。. allow ; let二者均可作“允許”解，但各有側(cè)重：日。琳重在“允許”或“容許”，也可表示客氣的請(qǐng)求。例如：He allowed me to take his dictionary.他允許我拿走他的詞典。Will you allow me to use your bike ?我可以用你的自行車嗎？I仇.作允許或“讓”解，主要用于口語(yǔ)，一般可與allow 互換。作“允許”解時(shí)，常暗含“聽(tīng)任”、“默許”之意；作“讓”解時(shí)，常含“祈使”或“建議”之意。注意： let之后作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不 帶to ,且不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)

11、態(tài)，而 allow 則相反。例如： Please let me walk with you （=Please allow meto walk with you.).我(請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我)跟你一起走。注： allow 常用于 allow sb. to do sth . 或 allow doing sth . 結(jié)構(gòu)中。. although; though; as三者均可表示“盡管；雖然，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。although用法較正式，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)；though 較常用；as則主要用于倒裝句。它們的用法有如下幾點(diǎn)值得注意：狀語(yǔ)從句由although, though 或as引導(dǎo)，主句之前不可有but, and, s

12、o, however 等并列連詞，但可有 yet或still 等副詞。although 與though?？苫Q。例如： Although /Though he believes it, yet he will not act. 他雖然相信它，但卻不肯有所行動(dòng)。抬表示“盡管；雖然”，只能用于倒裝句，即：將表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在 as之前。though 也可這么用。例如：Young as / though he is, he knows a lot . 他雖然年紀(jì)不大，卻懂得很多。注意：如果表語(yǔ)是單數(shù)名詞，要省略 a。例如：Child as /though he is, he can speak

13、 two foreign languages. 雖然他是個(gè)孩子，但他會(huì)說(shuō)兩門外語(yǔ)。汕可以放在句末，表示“但是，although卻不能。例如：They said they would come; they did not, though. 他們說(shuō)他們會(huì)來(lái),可是他并沒(méi)有來(lái)。although只用來(lái)陳述“事實(shí)”，不能表示“假設(shè)”。因此可以說(shuō)even though “即使”以及 as though ”好像 (=as if) : 不能說(shuō) even although 或 as although 。例如：I believe you are on duty even though you re in plain

14、 clothes .盡管你穿著便衣，我相信你是在值勤。. among / between這兩個(gè)介詞都有“在之間”的意思。between常用于兩者之間；among一般指三者或三者以上之間。若指三個(gè)以上人或物中的每?jī)蓚€(gè)之間時(shí)，仍然要用between o例如：The girl walked between her father and mother .這個(gè)女孩走在她父親和母親之間。 She is the tallest among her classmates.她在她同學(xué)之間是最高的。Switzerland lies between France , Italy , Austria and Germ

15、any .瑞士位于法國(guó)、意大利、奧地利和德國(guó)之間。. argue debate dispute 都含辯論”的意思。肛名屁著重說(shuō)理、論證和企圖說(shuō)服”，如：I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen to reason.我和她辯論了好久，但她還是不聽(tīng)。加心X著重“雙方各述己見(jiàn)”，內(nèi)含“交鋒”的意思，如：We have been debating about the issue.我們一直在就這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行辯論。指“激烈爭(zhēng)辯”，含有“相持不下”或“未得解決”之意 ，如：Whether he will be elected as

16、 chairman is still disputed.他是否當(dāng)選為主席，仍然有爭(zhēng)論。argue ; quarrel ; discuss 這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞均有“爭(zhēng)”的意思，但“爭(zhēng)法不同。用1月著重就自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)，提出論證，同他人“爭(zhēng)論”或“辯論”。例如：We heard them arguing in the other room .我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們?cè)诹硪粋€(gè)房間里爭(zhēng)論。另外，argue同with搭配，其后接人；與 about連用，其后接事物。例如：.這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們同他們辯論了We argued with them about this problem for a long time很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。qufiT

17、Tid是指對(duì)某事不喜歡或強(qiáng)烈不滿而發(fā)生的“爭(zhēng)吵”或“吵架”。同with搭配，其后.他常為家務(wù)事同妻子爭(zhēng)吵。接某人；和about連用，其后接某事。例如：He often quarrels about their housework with his wife山SCUS5是指認(rèn)真交換自己的意見(jiàn)或看法的“討論”Well discuss the use of the articles tomorrowO例如：明天我們將討論冠詞的用法。as (so) far as; as (so) long asOS (so) far as 的意思是 “就 而言 (所知) “， as (so) far as sth .

18、 is concerned 是其中一種具體用法，意為“就某事而言”；as (so) long as 意為“只要”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。如： TOC o 1-5 h z As far as I know, more than 10 million laid-off workers have found their new jobs.就我所知，一千多萬(wàn)下崗工人已經(jīng)找到了新的工作。There is nothing that we can t do so / as long as we keep on trying to do it.只要我們不斷地努力去做，就沒(méi)有什么事干不成。As far as the

19、 tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go.就中國(guó)的旅游業(yè)而言，需要做的工作還很多。asleep /sleeping二者都是形容詞。asleep僅用作表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)，表示“睡著，熟睡”的意思；而sleeping 一般只能用作定語(yǔ)，放在名詞前，表示“睡眠中的，休止的”意思。 如：我們不能說(shuō)：an asleep baby ,但可以說(shuō)：a sleeping baby (一個(gè)熟睡的嬰兒)。 再如：He was asleep with his head on his arms .他頭枕著手臂在熟睡。asleeping dog 正在

20、熟睡的狗 sleeping car 臥車 sleeping bag 睡袋assert , affirm ,服inin 口 SSb！宣稱、斷言，常指某人主觀自信，堅(jiān)持己見(jiàn)，有時(shí)不顧客觀事實(shí)而斷言下結(jié)論。肝行1田指以事實(shí)為依據(jù)，深信不疑地肯定某種觀點(diǎn)或看法。maintain指在相反的證據(jù)或論點(diǎn)面前，重申原來(lái)的某種觀點(diǎn)、立場(chǎng)。Despite all the policeman s questions the suspect that he had been at home all evening .It is nonsense to that smoking does not damage peop

21、le s health .Throughout his prison sentence Dunn has always his innocence .Answers: A. affirmed B. assert C. maintained14 as though ； even though ； ihuugh as thuugh (= as if ),意為好像；似乎“，引導(dǎo) 方式狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句。如：He spoke as though (as if ) he had been here before .他說(shuō)話的口氣好像他以前來(lái)過(guò)這 里。It looks as if (as though )

22、it is going to rain . 看起來(lái)好像要下雨。even though (= even if ),意為“即使”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。though也引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從 句，意為雖然;even though有退一步設(shè)想的意味，與 though不同。though引導(dǎo)的句子 所說(shuō)的是事實(shí)，even though引導(dǎo)的句子所說(shuō)的則不一定是事實(shí)。例如：He will not tell the secret even though他也不肯說(shuō)出來(lái)。He will not tell the secret though he knows it（even if ） he knows it .即使他知道這個(gè)秘

23、密,.他雖然知道這個(gè)秘密，但他不會(huì)說(shuō)出15 at the beginning ； in the DUginnint;時(shí)候。常與of連用。例如：Students usuallyEt the beginning 在初；在開(kāi)始的have a study plan at the beginning of term .學(xué)生們?cè)陂_(kāi)學(xué)初制定學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。in the beginning 相當(dāng)于 at first,表示“起初、開(kāi)始”來(lái)。時(shí)，含“起初是這種情況，而后來(lái)卻不是這種情況” 之意，不與of連用。例如：In the beginning ,some of us took no interest in phys

24、ics.起初我們有些人對(duì)物理不感興趣。attack assail assault charge beset都含有攻擊”的意思。attack是常用詞，指攻擊敵人或用言論攻擊他人,如：Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德國(guó)在 1941 年開(kāi)始進(jìn)攻蘇聯(lián)。日占wil指猛烈連續(xù)地攻擊,如：The enemy plane assailed our defence position.敵機(jī)不斷猛烈地攻擊我們的陣地。assault語(yǔ)氣比assail 強(qiáng)，指突然猛烈地進(jìn)攻,暗示武力的直接接觸（如肉搏等）, 也有暴力的意思，如：The enemy as

25、saulted us at dawn.敵人在黎明時(shí)向我進(jìn)攻。指沖擊或騎兵的突然攻擊,如：The cavalry charged to the front.騎兵猛烈向前線沖擊。指圍攻”，即從各個(gè)方向攻擊，如：In the swamp we were beset by mosquitoes.在沼澤地里, 我們受至U蚊子的圍攻。at the age of / by h於nf at the峪b uf表示“在歲時(shí)”，后面接基數(shù)詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)某一時(shí)刻的情況或動(dòng)作，用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如：At the age of six , he began to learn English .他六歲的時(shí)候開(kāi)始學(xué)英語(yǔ)

26、。She learned to play the piano at the age often.她十歲的時(shí)候?qū)W彈鋼琴。:審竹門其。而表示“到歲的時(shí)候”、“在歲以前”，后面接基數(shù)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)到某一時(shí) 刻為止的結(jié)果，用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)完成時(shí)，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如：By the age of sixteen , he had learned to drive a car .到十六歲的時(shí)候，他已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì) 了開(kāi)小汽車。You will have learned more than 2000 English words by the age of fourteen.到你十四歲的時(shí)候，你將學(xué)會(huì)2000多個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。

27、at the time; at that time; at one time; at a timeat油c t訕c通常用于過(guò)去時(shí)句子中，指某件事情發(fā)生的“當(dāng)時(shí)”、“那時(shí)”。例如：Many people saw the strange thing happen at the time. 當(dāng)時(shí)，許多人都看至U了這件奇怪的事情的發(fā)生。有時(shí)，at the time的后面可接of.”短語(yǔ)。這時(shí)，它表示“在（某事態(tài)）發(fā)生的時(shí)候” 或“在的時(shí)代”。例如：Were you in San Francisco at the time of the big earth quake in 1989?1989年舊金山發(fā)

28、生地震時(shí)，你在那里嗎？It happened at the time of King Alfred. 事情發(fā)生在阿爾弗雷德國(guó)王時(shí)期。at that time則通常指前文明確提到的某個(gè)時(shí)期、時(shí)候。通常其后不帶“ of短語(yǔ)。 例如：In the 17th century much corn was grown in Tibet and Sichuan. At that time(=At the 17th century) the land along the Changjiang River was becoming very crowded . 阻 one 11 me = during a pe

29、riod of time in the past意為 過(guò)去有段時(shí)期 ,曾經(jīng)。例如：They used to be good friends at one time. 他們?cè)?jīng)是好朋友。al a lime則意為“一次”，表示一個(gè)時(shí)間單位。它常與表示數(shù)量的詞語(yǔ)連用，表示頻率。 例如：Don t speak all at once . One at a time, please . 不要同時(shí)一起說(shuō)。一次只一個(gè)人說(shuō)。 Take the medicine three times a day and three pieces at a time. 這些藥每天服三次，每次服三粒。at . speed / w

30、ith . speed at the spned of 或者 at . speed ,意為“以的速度“。而當(dāng)speed被all, lightning, great等修飾時(shí)，介詞應(yīng)用with。我們可用一句口訣來(lái)幫助記憶：者B ( all )以閃電般(lightning )大(great )的速度行駛。如：Our car was running with all speed on the expressway. 我們的車在高速公路上全速行駛。The Long March No . 2 Rocket sent up the satellite into space at the speed of 1

31、1.2kilometers per second .長(zhǎng)征二號(hào)火箭以每秒鐘11. 2公里的速度將衛(wèi)星發(fā)射到太空。Bbecause / since /as/for這四個(gè)詞都是表示原因或理由的連接詞，但是as, because , since是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，for是并列連詞，所引導(dǎo)的不是原因狀語(yǔ)從句，而是表示理由的對(duì)等句子，是對(duì)前面所講內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充和說(shuō)明。在語(yǔ)氣上由強(qiáng)至弱依次為becausesince 一asfor。because引導(dǎo)的從句多置于句末，表示直接的原因或理由，表示產(chǎn)生那種結(jié)果的必然的因果關(guān)系，在回答why的提問(wèn)時(shí)，必須用 because作答。如：We stayed at ho

32、me because it rained .因?yàn)橄掠晡覀兇粼诩依?。iiS與since引導(dǎo)的從句多置于句首，不過(guò)as表示十分明顯的原因，只說(shuō)明一般的因果關(guān)系，可譯為“因?yàn)?、由于；而since則表示稍加分析、 對(duì)方已知的原因，一般可譯為“既然”。 如：As he was not feeling well , I decided to go there alone .由于他身體欠佳，我決定獨(dú) 自去那里。Since everyone is here , lets start .既然大家都到了，咱們就開(kāi)始吧。用T引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句末，其前用逗號(hào)，它所敘述的理由是間接的，即推測(cè)性理由，或是對(duì)前面敘述的事

33、實(shí)或看法的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。如：There must be nobody in the classroom , for the light is off .教室里一定沒(méi)有人，因?yàn)闊魷缌?。（推測(cè)性理由）bellCVC; believe in認(rèn)巾。輪作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后可跟名詞，表示“相信”；后接從句或復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示“認(rèn)為；料想；相信”等。如：.我相信他會(huì)成功的。I believe what he says .我相信他的話。I believe that he will succeedbe I i eve in是一個(gè)動(dòng)介型短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示“信奉；信仰”(指對(duì)某種思想、主張、觀念、行動(dòng)具有信心)和“信任(hav

34、e trust in )。如：They believe in God .他們信仰上帝。I believe in having plenty of exercise. 我相信多鍛煉有好處。be I i CFD和believe in后均可接表示人的名詞或代詞，但含義不同。試比較：I believe in him (I think he is a frustworthy man). 我信任他。I believe him . (I believe what he says ).我相信他的話。belief faith trust confidence都含有相信的意思。belief指“承認(rèn)某事是真的，盡管

35、有或沒(méi)有確鑿的證據(jù)”，如：belief in ghosts. 相信有鬼。fd.nh指“認(rèn)為有確鑿證據(jù)或道理而完全相信”，如：I have faith in his ability to succeed.我相信他有成功的能力。IJUSl指“信賴”、“信任”，含有“堅(jiān)定的信念”的意思，如：enjoy the trust of the people彳導(dǎo)至 U人民的信任。wirfiihiE指“在有證據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上相信”，也常指“自信”、“有把握”，如： She has great confidence in her success.她對(duì)自己的成功充滿信心。besides ; except ; but三者都

36、可以用作介詞。用于肯定句中時(shí)，except/but意為除外(不再有)；besides意為除外(還有)”。請(qǐng)比較：All of them have seen the film except/but Wu Dong . 除了吳東外，他們都看過(guò)了那部影片。All of them have seen the film besides Wu Dong. 除了吳東看過(guò)那部影片外，他們也都看過(guò)了。except后接名詞、代詞、ing或不定式時(shí)，可以與 but互換；except后接副詞、介詞短 語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般不能為 but所替換。如：I ll do everything except /but cook . 除了做

37、飯，我什么事情都干。This window is never opened except in summer . 除了在夏天，這個(gè)窗子從不打開(kāi)。用在否定句中，三者可以互換。如：There aren t any other people to do the work except/ but / besides you .除了你，沒(méi)人能做這工作。be anxious to; be anxious for; be anxious about ;be anxious that be anxious to 表示“急于”、“渴望”，其中to是不定式符號(hào)，后面接動(dòng)詞原形；be anxious f。丁表示“渴

38、望”，后面接名詞或代詞時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)渴望得到某物或渴望了解某事； 后面接sb. to do sth .時(shí)，表示“渴望某人能做某事，其中for sb . to do sth .是不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。be ri.nxiuns cibuur 表示“對(duì)感到不安”、“為一擔(dān)心”、“為-憂慮”； be anxious rhcit 表示“渴望”，后面接從句，that從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣； EXERCISES I the result of the examination .We know the result of the examination.We Mr Liu to help us with our En

39、glish.Mr Li a new car .They arrive home before dark .(Key: am anxious about /for are anxious to are anxious for is anxious forare anxious to)1) The girl a new dictionary . 2) All the students their results of this examination . 3) Everyone know their results of the competition . 4) We Mr Zhao to ret

40、urn . 5) We she should do her best .Key: 1) was / is anxious for 2) are anxious about 3) is anxious to 4) are anxious for5) are anxious thatbe known as； be known for ; be known to ; be known inbu known出意為“作為而著名”，其后的名詞表示一個(gè)人的身份、職業(yè)等。如：Liu Huan is known as a singer .劉歡作為一個(gè)歌手而出名。We re sure you ll be well

41、-known as an artist .我們相信你會(huì)成為一位著名的畫家。 be known -or意為因而著名”，其后所接內(nèi)容表示某人或物的特點(diǎn)、特長(zhǎng)等。如：Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers.桂林因其美麗的山水而聞名。Mr Geldof is well-known for organizing two big pop concerts on the same day.蓋爾多夫先生因在同一天組織兩場(chǎng)大型的流行音樂(lè)會(huì)而出名。be known to0為所了解/知道”，其后接表示人的詞語(yǔ)?！?人們都)知道”，其后接 動(dòng)詞原形

42、。如：He is known to all in our village.村子里的人都了解他。He was known to have invented many things . = It was known that he had invented many things .人們都知道他已經(jīng)發(fā)明了很多東西。bu known in意為“在某地很著名”。如：He is well-known in the town where he was born, 他在自己出生的那個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子上很出名。24 be made of /be made in /be made from /be made by /be

43、made up of bu madc of 表示“由制成”，指從原料到制成品，只發(fā)生了形狀變化，沒(méi)有發(fā)生本質(zhì)變化(屬物理變 化)。 h明加in當(dāng)后面接時(shí)間的數(shù)詞或名詞時(shí)，表示“某物何時(shí)制造的或何時(shí)產(chǎn)的”。當(dāng)后面接指地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)，表示“某地產(chǎn)某物。 be made Vom表示“由制成”，指從原料到制成品，發(fā)生了質(zhì)的變化，已無(wú)法復(fù)原(屬化學(xué)變化)。 hctnEhby表示“由制做”，后面接指人的名詞或代詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。be ni業(yè)已up 表示“由構(gòu)成(組成)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)由兩部分或兩個(gè)以上的部分構(gòu)成或組成?！揪毩?xí)】用be made in , bemade of, be made from , be

44、 made by 或 be made up of 填空。 This bike Tianjin . This table wood. The car 1999 . Paper wood . The kite my mother . The team ten members .【Keys】 was made in ； is made of ; was made in ； is made from ； was made by; is made Lip Of高中英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)詞及短語(yǔ)辨析(II ).be used for /be used as/ be Jsud by he used for表示“被用作”或

45、“被用來(lái)作”， 后面接名詞或v ing ,其中for表示目的。 R1：5聞也表示“作為而用”或“用作”， 后面接名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式，強(qiáng)調(diào)使用的工具及手段。he jsud hy表示“由使用”，后面接指人的名詞或代詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)使用者?！揪毩?xí)】 用 be used for , be used as 或 be used by 填空。A telephone better communication （交流）. The motorbike Liu Ming . A ruler often a knife by him to cut a pieceof paper open .【Keys】 is used for

46、； is used by ; is,used asbe pleased with; be pleased at（或 about）;be pleased toThe manager you before .My boss must see you again in HongKong .I seeing so many students present .I hear Mr Zhao your article .析：was pleased with。表示對(duì)滿意；喜歡”后面通常接指人的名詞或代詞。be pleased to。表示“很高興或很樂(lè)意做某事”，其中to是不定式符號(hào)，后面接動(dòng)詞原形。am p

47、leased at（ 或about） 。 be pleased at （或about）表示“對(duì)（看到或聽(tīng)到的）事感到 高興，”后面接指事的名詞或ving 。 is pleased at（ 或about）。解析同。be to do sth ； be about to do sth ； be going to do sthbu to do sth.表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，后可跟時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：Youre to hand in your papers by 10 oclock.十點(diǎn)鐘以前你得交上試卷。be abou: t。do sth.表示打算或安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，它通常不與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：

48、I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door. 我正要出去，這時(shí)有人敲門。氏 going to do sth.有三層含義：表示打算、計(jì)劃或決定要做某事。如：Were going to spend our holidays in Wales this year. 今年我們打算到威爾士度假。用以表示某事物即將發(fā)生或很可能發(fā)生。如：Im going to be twenty next month . 下個(gè)月我就二十歲了。有跡象表明即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：Look at those black clouds, there is goin

49、g to be a storm. 瞧刃B些烏云，暴風(fēng)雨就要來(lái)了。28 Lrni: sirike: hit strike通常表示“打一下、打若干下”，不一定都是有意的；還 有“打動(dòng)、使著迷、某種想法突然閃現(xiàn)在腦海里”的含義；也可指 “打、擦出（火），（蛇、 獸）抓，咬，或（鐘）敲響”。hi1指“打中”或“對(duì)準(zhǔn)來(lái)打”，“敲打或打擊對(duì)方的某一點(diǎn)”。bocit著重“連續(xù)地打擊”。如：毆打或體罰；也指在游戲、競(jìng)賽或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中擊敗對(duì)方；也指 “心跳”。scold bhi毗“責(zé)備；責(zé)怪，指某人應(yīng)對(duì)自己不好的行為負(fù)責(zé)（常與 for連用）， 或?qū)⒛臣缓玫氖虑闅w咎于他人（常與 on或upon連用），往往含有把自己當(dāng)

50、作評(píng)判人來(lái)評(píng)判 某事，沒(méi)有用言語(yǔ)來(lái)進(jìn)行責(zé)罵的意思。例如： He blamed Tom for the failure . 他責(zé)怪湯姆造成了失敗。Dont blame it on him, but on me . 別怪他，該怪我。scold 責(zé)罵”，指嘮嘮叨叨地?cái)?shù)說(shuō)某人，多用于上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)、長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩的“責(zé)罵”。例如：Dont scold the child . Its not his fault . 不要責(zé)罵那孩子，這不是他的過(guò)失。I hate to scold, son, but you mustnt stay out so late at night.我不喜歡斥責(zé)，孩子，可你不該呆在外面那么

51、晚不回家。10 bIow down; blow in; ：)low off; blow over blow down 表示“吹倒”、“刮倒”；blow in表示“吹進(jìn)”、“吹入”；blow off 表示“吹掉”、“炸掉”、“發(fā)泄”；blow over表示“暴風(fēng) 雨 吹散”、“過(guò)去”、“結(jié)束”。EXERCISES1) The high winds yesterday thousands of trees . 2) We sometimes had quarrels, but they soon .3) I had my hat by the wind . 4) A lotof dust . Yo

52、u must clear it away . Key: 1) blew down 2) blew over 3) blown off 4) has blown in31 . break up; break down; break out; break into; break in; break away; break throughbreak叩表示“打碎”、“變壞”、“分解”、“終止”、“破裂”。br。水do陽(yáng)表示“瓦解”、“分解”、“失敗”、“出故障”、“破壞”、“拆毀”。break out表示“爆發(fā)”、“突然發(fā)生”。break into表示“強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入”、“闖入”、“破門而入”、“打斷(談話

53、、討論)、“突然 起來(lái)”。break in表示“闖入”、“打斷”、“插嘴”，其中in是副詞。break aw”表示“脫逃”、“脫離”、“突然離開(kāi)”、“革除”、“戒除，常與from連用。bre獨(dú)計(jì)rough表示“戰(zhàn)勝”、“突圍”、“穿過(guò)而出現(xiàn)、“突破”。練 He said his computer .Those old cars will be for scrap( 廢鐵). Last night somebody Mr Browns house and took away many things .A fire after we had gone home .The boy often whi

54、le his parents are speaking .You must from bad habits .CD After the heavy rain the sun the clouds .A thief and stole a lot of things last night.Tom the motor bike which he bought five years ago.The ice began to on the river .(Key: had broken down broken up broke into broke out breaks in break away b

55、roke through broke in broke down break up)bring 口n； bring in ； bring outbring 0n使發(fā)生；引起；端上(飯菜)。如：Tom often brings on meals and his brother,Jim picks up the dishes after meals湯姆常常端上飯菜，（而）他弟弟吉姆飯后收拾碗碟。The sudden cold weather brought on his cold againbring in引來(lái)；引進(jìn)；吸收。如：天氣突然變冷，使他再次感冒。His new business brin

56、gs in 1,000 dollarsWe also brought in some words from Englishbring out取出；說(shuō)出；闡明；出版。如:他的新生意使他賺了一千美元。我們也從英語(yǔ)中吸收了 一些詞匯。He brought out his gun and pointed at me Bring out the meaning more clearly They have brought out a set of children.他掏出槍來(lái)指著我。.請(qǐng)把意思講清楚些。s books .他們出版了一套兒童讀物。制.hriiig出溯i： hring hk：環(huán)門社up; b

57、ring而-chwn表示“使倒下”、“減少”、“降低(價(jià)格、溫度)； bring back 表示“使回想起”、“歸還”、“帶回來(lái)”； hring up 表示“嘔吐出”、“養(yǎng)育；bring in表示“把引進(jìn)來(lái)”、“賺入”、“獲利”、“把拿進(jìn)來(lái)”、“吸收”。EXERCISES1) Her singing memories of my mother . 2) They also some words from their own languages . 3) The wind a number of trees . 4) He all he had eaten . 5) Can you try to

58、 get them to the price ? 6) Alllibrary books must be before June 25. 7) Mr White $ 500 a week. 8) You must manage to the temperature . Key: 1) brings back 2) brought in 3) brought down 4) brought up 5) bring down 6) brought back 7) is bringing in 8) bring down33 broad ；嘀de兩者都表示兩邊或兩點(diǎn)之間的距離都有“寬的”之意， 但b

59、road著重某物覆蓋面的范圍(如肩、背、胸等的寬)，還可表示“寬宏大量” ；wide著重指邊沿間相隔 的距離以及“廣泛”之意。如：Looking at the new-type camera, the young man with broad shoulders was surprised with his mouth wide open.看著那個(gè)新型相機(jī)，那個(gè)肩寬背闊的年輕人驚奇得張大了嘴巴。He s a broad-minded person; he ll never be disappointed by such a small failure.他是個(gè)心胸寬廣的人；決不會(huì)因?yàn)槟敲匆淮涡⌒?/p>

60、的失敗而感到失望。34 but / however這兩個(gè)連詞都有“但是，可是，然而”之意。 but連接兩個(gè)分句或有關(guān)部分，表示轉(zhuǎn)折或邏輯上的對(duì)比關(guān)系，使用最廣，口語(yǔ)中更為常見(jiàn)。如：We love peace but we are not afraid of war.我們熱愛(ài)和平，但我們并不害怕戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。ho秋也轉(zhuǎn)折意味比but弱，連接的兩個(gè)分句或有關(guān)部分的關(guān)系較為松弛，后一部分常起 附帶說(shuō)明或襯托作用。however常以插入語(yǔ)形式出現(xiàn)在句子中間，前后用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，也可置于 句首或句末。如：Later , however, he decided to go .可是后來(lái)他決定去了。35 by onese