澳洲職業(yè)教育與培訓(xùn)體系

1、Australias Vocational Education and Training System澳洲職業(yè)(zhy)教育與培訓(xùn)體系Sunday 05 July 2009星期日，2009年7月5日共三十頁Ann Goodman, Senior Coordinator Centre for Industry Education and Training Box Hill InstituteVictoriaAustralia安 古德曼，高級(jí)協(xié)調(diào)官澳大利亞維多利亞州博士(bsh)山學(xué)院行業(yè)教育與培訓(xùn)中心共三十頁Contents 目錄(ml)1. Overview of VET in Austral

2、ia澳洲職業(yè)教育(jioy)與培訓(xùn)概述2. Quality Vocational Education and Training 職業(yè)教育與培訓(xùn)質(zhì)量3. Competency Based Training以能力為本的培訓(xùn) CBT以能力為本的培訓(xùn) Training Packages培訓(xùn)包 Employability Skills 就業(yè)能力共三十頁Australias VET Quality System澳洲職業(yè)(zhy)教育與培訓(xùn)質(zhì)量體系Quality teachers教師素質(zhì)Quality training environment培訓(xùn)環(huán)境質(zhì)量Quality training materials教

3、學(xué)資料的質(zhì)量Quality systems 質(zhì)量體系Quality teaching and assessing practices 教學(xué)與評(píng)估(pn )質(zhì)量Quality arrangements for clients/students 客戶/學(xué)生管理質(zhì)量共三十頁Quality Assurance in VET職業(yè)教育(jioy)與培訓(xùn)中的質(zhì)量保證Only Registered Training Organisations may deliver and certify AQF qualifications只有注冊(cè)過的培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)可以進(jìn)行授課和頒發(fā)澳洲資格框架內(nèi)的資格證書/文憑National

4、 system of quality assurance monitored by state government authorities由州政府的主管部門監(jiān)督國家質(zhì)量(zhling)保證體系的執(zhí)行Provides a number of Quality Standards that are auditable提供一系列可審查的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Coverage: student fees; advertising; resources; teaching and learning; sub contracting涉及范圍：學(xué)生費(fèi)用, 廣告，資源，教學(xué)， 和外包合同 共三十頁Australias Na

5、tional Quality System for VET澳洲(o zhu)職業(yè)教育和培訓(xùn)的國家質(zhì)量體系Consistent qualifications 統(tǒng)一的資格證書Interface with universities 與大學(xué)的銜接Work ready graduates準(zhǔn)備好工作的畢業(yè)生Credible system-parents and employers 可靠的系統(tǒng)- 家長和雇主( zh)Continuous Improvement 持續(xù)不斷的改善Industry involvement 行業(yè)的參與Internal quality policies and procedures

6、內(nèi)部質(zhì)量法規(guī)與程序共三十頁AQTF Standards澳洲培訓(xùn)質(zhì)量框架(kun ji)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Two sets of standards of the Australian Quality Training Framework (AQTF) established common, national benchmarks for all nationally recognised VET programs regardless of the sector in which they are delivered. 澳洲培訓(xùn)質(zhì)量框架的兩組標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為所有國家認(rèn)可的職業(yè)教育和培訓(xùn)課程建立了共同的國家基準(zhǔn)(jzh

7、n)，無關(guān)該些課程是如何傳授的。Standards for Registered Training Organisations 對(duì)注冊(cè)的培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)建立標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Standards for State and Territory Registering / Course accrediting Bodies 對(duì)州與領(lǐng)地注冊(cè)機(jī)構(gòu)/課程認(rèn)證機(jī)構(gòu)確立標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共三十頁2007 AQTF Standards for RTOs2007年注冊(cè)培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)的澳洲培訓(xùn)質(zhì)量框架(kun ji)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Standard 1 The RTO provides quality training and assessment across a

8、ll of its operations.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1 RTO在它被允許的范圍內(nèi)提供有質(zhì)量的培訓(xùn)與評(píng)估Standard 2 The RTO adheres to principles of access and equity and maximises outcomes for its clients.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2 RTO遵循為客戶取得結(jié)果最大化的公平原則Standard 3 Management systems are responsive to the needs of clients, staff and stakeholders, and the environment in which the

9、RTO operates.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3 管理系統(tǒng)是為了滿足在注冊(cè)培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)的客戶、員工和股東(gdng)的需要，以及教學(xué)環(huán)境運(yùn)行的需要。共三十頁Group Activity小組活動(dòng)Form a group of 4 or 5. 4或5個(gè)人組成一組In your groups, identify the essential requirements for a quality system for the Chinese police and security training.在你的小組中，辨別中國警察與安全培訓(xùn)質(zhì)量系統(tǒng)中最重要的要求Consider:思考The system, teachers, e

10、nvironment, materials, teaching and assessment practices, arrangements for students為學(xué)生安排(npi)的系統(tǒng)，教師，環(huán)境，學(xué)習(xí)材料，教學(xué)與評(píng)估Be prepared to present this information to the entire group 在小組內(nèi)演示共三十頁Contents 目錄(ml)Overview of VET in Australia 澳洲職業(yè)教育與培訓(xùn)(pixn)概述2. Quality Vocational Education and Training 職業(yè)教育與質(zhì)量培訓(xùn)3.

11、 Competency Based Training 以能力為本的培訓(xùn)CBT 以能力為本的培訓(xùn)Training Packages 培訓(xùn)包Employability Skills 就業(yè)能力共三十頁Competency Based Training 以能力(nngl)為本的培訓(xùn)Place emphasis on the application of skills and knowledge 強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)是在技能與知識(shí)的應(yīng)用Develops the capacity to perform the required skill in the manner expected in the workplace

12、 建立在預(yù)想的實(shí)際工作環(huán)境(hunjng)中能展示所要求技能的能力Has been in use for many years 已經(jīng)使用了很多年共三十頁Comprises the heart of the system 包含了系統(tǒng)的“心臟(xnzng)”部分Common employability, management and IT competencies通用的就業(yè)能力，管理與信息技術(shù)能力Competency Based System 以能力(nngl)為本的系統(tǒng)共三十頁Understanding Competence 對(duì)“能力(nngl)”的理解People are considered

13、 to be competent when they are able to apply their knowledge and skills to successfully complete work activities in a range of situations and environments, in accordance with the standard of performance expected in the workplace. 當(dāng)人們可以在一定情況與環(huán)境下，運(yùn)用他們的知識(shí)與技能成功地完成工作，并且與預(yù)想的工作環(huán)境績效(j xio)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致，那么他們被認(rèn)為是有能力的。

14、This view of competence: “能力”概述emphasises outcomes 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果focuses on what is expected of an employee in the workplace 專注于在工作環(huán)境中對(duì)員工的預(yù)期要求highlights the application of skills and knowledge to workplace tasks 重點(diǎn)是技能與知識(shí)在工作中的運(yùn)用incorporates the ability to transfer and apply skills and knowledge to new situatio

15、ns and environments 具體表現(xiàn)為能力的轉(zhuǎn)化和在新的情況與環(huán)境中技能與知識(shí)的使用focuses on what people are able to do and the ability to do this in a range of context. 主要是在一定的環(huán)境范圍內(nèi)人們可以做什么以及相應(yīng)的能力共三十頁Understanding Competence對(duì)“能力(nngl)”的理解Definition of Competence within the national VET system給國家職業(yè)教育與培訓(xùn)體系中的“能力”定義“Specification of kno

16、wledge and skill and the application of that knowledge and skill to the standards of performance in the workplace”“達(dá)到工作績效(j xio)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的知識(shí)與技能的詳述以及運(yùn)用”Effective workplace performance requires: 有效的工作績效要求skills to function effectively 可以有效使用的技能 knowledge and attitude to apply those skills in routine and non-

17、routine situations 在常規(guī)和非常規(guī)情況下使用技能的知識(shí)與態(tài)度This knowledge and skill may or may not be directly observable. 這樣的知識(shí)與技能可以直接或非直接的被觀察到。共三十頁Defining Competency Based Training (CBT)定義“基于(jy)能力的培訓(xùn)”CBT is based on occupational skill needs defined by industry & expressed as competencies in Industry Training Packag

18、es 以能力為本的培訓(xùn)是在行業(yè)定義的職業(yè)技能需求和在行業(yè)培訓(xùn)包中解釋為“能力”的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行的Competencies cover occupational skill requirements, performance level & assessment rules “能力”包括職業(yè)技能要求，表現(xiàn)水平和評(píng)估規(guī)則Major driver is producing employment ready graduates 主要任務(wù)是培養(yǎng)能夠(nnggu)即時(shí)上崗的畢業(yè)生Key measure of success is employer confidence in the system成功的關(guān)鍵因素

19、是雇主對(duì)該系統(tǒng)的信心共三十頁Competency Based Example 以能力(nngl)為本的實(shí)例Certificate 2 Public Safety (Police Liaison)公共安全證書2 （警察聯(lián)絡(luò)）Competency: Operate communications systems and equipment能力：操作溝通系統(tǒng)與設(shè)備This unit covers the competency to transmit and receive communications in routine and operational situations using the or

20、ganisations communication systems and equipment 這個(gè)單元包括(boku)了在常規(guī)和動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境下使用溝通系統(tǒng)與設(shè)備，進(jìn)行溝通的傳送與接收的能力共三十頁Certificate 2 Public Safety (Police Liaison)公共安全證書2 （警察(jn ch)聯(lián)絡(luò)）Competency:能力Operate communications systems and equipment 操作溝通系統(tǒng)與設(shè)備Use communication systems & equipment使用(shyng)溝通系統(tǒng)與設(shè)備Transmit & receive

21、 communications 溝通的傳送與接收Maintain communications equipment 溝通設(shè)備的維護(hù)共三十頁Operate communications systems and equipment操作溝通系統(tǒng)(xtng)與設(shè)備Use communication systems & equipment 使用溝通系統(tǒng)與設(shè)備1.1 Equipment is used and operated safely to support communications consistent with organisations policies 設(shè)備的安全(nqun)使用與操作，確

22、保溝通與組織政策的一致性1.2 Communication equipment and techniques are selected to best meet the task, context and needs of the situation 選擇合適的溝通設(shè)備與技巧來達(dá)到工作要求、環(huán)境與形勢(shì)要求1.3 The communication system is correctly utilised to facilitate transmission and reception 溝通系統(tǒng)的正確使用來幫助傳送與接收1.4 Communications systems are operati

23、onally maintained according to organisations policies and procedures 根據(jù)組織政策和程序來操作溝通系統(tǒng)共三十頁Competency Based Assessment Example以能力為本的評(píng)估(pn )實(shí)例Diploma of Public Safety 公共安全文憑Competency: Give evidence in judicial or quasi-judicial setting能力：在法庭或準(zhǔn)司法性機(jī)關(guān)舉證This unit covers the competency to prepare evidence,

24、 present evidence and follow up on the outcomes of proceedings. 這個(gè)單元包括了證據(jù)(zhngj)的準(zhǔn)備、提供和對(duì)訴訟結(jié)果的追蹤共三十頁Diploma of Public Safety公共安全文憑(wnpng)Competency:能力Give evidence in judicial or quasi-judicial setting 在法庭或準(zhǔn)司法(sf)性機(jī)關(guān)舉證Prepare for proceedings 訴訟準(zhǔn)備Present evidence 證據(jù)提供Follow up outcomes of proceeding 訴

25、訟結(jié)果的追蹤共三十頁Give evidence in judicial or quasi-judicial setting在法庭或準(zhǔn)司法(sf)性機(jī)關(guān)舉證Prepare for proceedings訴訟準(zhǔn)備(zhnbi)1.1 Arrangements, role and involvement in proceedings are confirmed 訴訟過程中的準(zhǔn)備、角色和參與確認(rèn)1.2 Documentation and exhibits are prepared in accordance with legislative requirements and organisations

26、 policies and procedures 按照法律要求和組織的政策和程序的要求，進(jìn)行文件與展示品的準(zhǔn)備共三十頁Competency Based Assessment 基于(jy)能力的評(píng)估How is the assessment decision for competency made? 如何確定“能力”的評(píng)估內(nèi)容 Competent 能力Decision based on prescribed competencies: sound practices 在規(guī)定能力基礎(chǔ)(jch)上確定：聲音練習(xí)Training Packages dictate the critical aspect

27、s of assessment and performance criteria 培訓(xùn)包口授評(píng)估與績效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的重要方面Teacher/assessor capability: industrial experience and sound assessment methodologies 教師/評(píng)估員的能力：行業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和聲音評(píng)估法共三十頁Operate communications systems and equipment操作溝通(gutng)系統(tǒng)與設(shè)備Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate com

28、petency in this unit:該單元需要展示的能力(nngl)是評(píng)估與舉證的重要方面It is essential that competency be demonstrated in accurately transmitting and receiving communications using the organisations communication system and equipment. 在溝通系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備使用中，能力傳送與接收的準(zhǔn)確性很重要Context of and specific resources for assessment :具體評(píng)估資源的內(nèi)容Obs

29、ervation of the use of a range of communication equipment under non-operational and operational conditions or in a simulated environment 在常規(guī)與非常規(guī)情況下，或模擬環(huán)境中，觀察一系列溝通設(shè)備的使用共三十頁Give evidence in judicial or quasi-judicial setting在法庭(ftng)或準(zhǔn)司法性機(jī)關(guān)舉證Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to dem

30、onstrate competency in this unit:該單元需要展示的能力是評(píng)估與舉證的重要方面：All documentation and evidence at handAccurate and articulate presentation of evidence 所有文件與證據(jù)的準(zhǔn)備以及展示的連續(xù)性Context of and specific resources for assessment :具體評(píng)估資源的內(nèi)容(nirng)On the job or in a simulated environment. Written or verbal tests may be u

31、sed as supporting evidence. 工作中或模擬環(huán)境中，書面或口頭測(cè)試將被用作證據(jù)支持共三十頁Group Activity小組活動(dòng)Form a group of 4 or 5. 4或5人組成一小組In your groups, choose one work role in the police force and identify the competencies required for that role. 在你的小組中，選擇一個(gè)(y )在警署的工作角色，并明確這個(gè)角色的能力要求Consider the occupational skill requirements

32、and the standard of performance expected in the workplace思考在職場(chǎng)上所需要的職業(yè)技能要求和預(yù)期的績效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Be prepared to present this information to the entire group 在小組內(nèi)演示共三十頁Group Activity小組活動(dòng)Form a group of 4 or 5. 4或5人組成一個(gè)小組Using one of the competencies you have identified, determine what are the critical aspects for assessment.使用你們已辨別的能力之一，決定評(píng)估的重要方面Consider how the competency should be demonstrated and what range of conditions, situations and environments must be met for valid assessment思考能力如何證明，在怎樣的情況和環(huán)境下，才能確保評(píng)估的有效性Be