限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別.課件

1、定語從句限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句Read and find , he traveled with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese. (Para. 1)2. He was very impressed by Beijing, especially the Summer Palace which he described as “The greatest palace that ever was” (Para. 3)3. There were inventions and developments in China w

2、hich were not available in Europe at that time. (Para. 4)4. He was also confused by the black stones people used for fuel. (Para. 4)Read and find 5. However, Marco was lucky to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. (Para. 5)6. The prisoner then wrote the stories in

3、the book called The Description of the World, which became one of (Para. 5)7. Marco was asked the question, “Was it all true?”, to which he replied, “I have only told half of ” (Para. 6)Discussion Information to identify the person(s) / object(s)Extra information about a person or a thing, which can

4、 be left out Defining relative clauseNon-defining relative clauseNo commaWith commaForward 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句 限制性定語從句對先行詞起限制、確定的作用，是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如果省去，主句的意思就會不完整，不明確或不合邏輯。這種定語從句和主句之間不能用逗號隔開。_ The man who came here yesterday has come again. 非限制性定語從句和先行詞關(guān)系松散，只是對先行詞作附加說明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。這種定語從句和主句之間須用逗號隔開。

5、如： _ a. He lives in another town, which is only about an hours ride from here. b. Soon they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句 形式上意義上譯法上不用逗號“，”與主句隔開。用逗號“，”與主句隔開。 是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達不完整。只是對先行詞的補充說明，如刪除，主句仍能表達完整的意思。譯成先行詞的定語：“的” 通常譯成主句的并列句。 Who is the gi

6、rl that is standing under the tree?He is a teacher of much knowledge，from whom much can be learned.限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句Peoplewhotakephysicalexercise livelonger.。(若把從句去掉句子就失去意義)Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.(若把從句去句子意義仍然完整)Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.他就是汽車被竊的那個人。IveinvitedJim,wholivesin

7、thenextflat.我邀請了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。4關(guān)系詞的選用不同限制性定語從句: 非限制性定語從句不可用that或why來引導(dǎo)關(guān)系代詞:關(guān)系副詞:who，whom，whose，that，which when，where，why關(guān)系代詞:關(guān)系副詞:who，whom，whose，which when，where，Yesterday he bought a new car，which was made in Japan.(which不可換用that)He didnt give the reason，which explained his absence from the meeting hel

8、d last week.5關(guān)系詞的省略不同在限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語或表語時，在口語中可以省略而非限制性定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞不可省略。I still remember the days we spent together in college.She is not the one(that) she used to be.6從句所修飾的先行詞有所不同限制性定語從句的先行詞通常是名詞、代詞或詞組；而非限制性定語從句的先行詞除了名詞、代詞外，還可以是句子。This is the best book that I have ever read.He won the f

9、irst prize in the contest，which was more than we expected.含義不同Ihaveasisterwhoisadoctor.(姐姐不止一個)Ihaveasister,whoisadoctor.(只有一個姐姐)Which? The thief, who fell off the ladder, was arrested by the police.The thief who fell off the ladder was arrested by the police.Which? The customers who arrived after 9

10、 werent allowed into the sale.The customers, who arrived after 9, werent allowed into the sale.Which? We stopped at the only pub in the village which had a front garden.We stopped at the only pub in the village, which had a front garden.Practice A請區(qū)分出下列句子哪些是限制性定語從句，那些是非限制性定語從句：1、The teacher told me

11、that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 2、His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 3、China is a country which has a long history. 4、China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. Practice B區(qū)分下列幾組句子的不同含義：1. Her brother who is now a soldier always en

12、courages her to go to college.Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.她那當(dāng)兵的哥哥總是鼓勵她上大學(xué)。（意含： 她還有其他哥哥。）她哥哥是當(dāng)兵的，他總是鼓勵她上大學(xué)。（意含： 她只有一個哥哥。） . All the books that have pictures in them are well written.All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written. 所有里面帶插圖的書都寫

13、得很好。（意含： 不帶插圖的書則不一定寫得好。） 所有的書都帶插圖，這些書都寫得很好。（意含： 沒有不帶插圖的書。） 1、I，_ you good friend, will try my best to help you out.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D 2、His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD3、They have decided to finish their work, _, I t

14、hink is a wise choice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC4、There are three libraries in our school, _ were built five years ago.A、all of themB、either of themC、all of whichD、both of thatC1、All_ is useful to us is good.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC解析： 定語從句中的先行詞為all, none等詞時，關(guān)系代詞必須用that,而不是which. 故選C。2、This

15、is the only thing _ I can do now.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC3、This is the last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.A、that; itB、which; whomC、that; whichD、which; thatC4、The text is one of the most interesting stories_learnt in the past three days.A、tha

16、t haveB、that have beenC、which hasD、which has beenB解析：stories是定語從句的先行詞, 同時stories被最高級所修飾，因此選B.5、This is the factory_we visited last year.A、thatB、 in whichC、whatD、the oneA解析：the factory是定語從句的先行詞, 用作賓語；從句we visited last year中visit是個及物動詞，后接賓語，因此選A. 6、Is this factory _ we visited last week.A、whereB、thatC

17、、whichD、the oneD解析： this factory容易被學(xué)生錯誤地混為先行詞，其實這是This factory是句子的主語而不是先行詞。所以選擇D.The one 中的one 指代的是factory,作定語從句的先行詞。7、This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD解析：題中的the school是定語從句的先行詞。in +which= where , 因此選D. 試比較： This school is _ my father worked 20 years ago.

18、where B. the one whereC. that D. the one whichB8、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC解析：the day是定語從句的先行詞，she spent in Beijing中的動詞spent是個及物動詞，后接賓語，the day 作動詞spent的賓語。因此選C.9、The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、whoB、whoseC、of whomD、whichB10、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA11、The man _ you are talking is in the next room.A、to whomB、about whomC、about whoD、whomB12、I do