定語從句在寫作中的運用(教師版)匯編

1、定語從句在寫作中的運用contradictionn.Sayingsththatconflictswithsthsaidorwrittenbysb;disagreement反駁；矛盾obstaclen.Thingwhichstandsinthewayandpreventsprogress障礙；阻礙approvaln.Showingorsayingthatonethinkssthisgoodoracceptableorsatisfactory贊成；承認revelationn.Makingknownsththatwassecretorhidden;revealing啟示；揭示criticn.Pers

2、onwhoevaluatesanddescribesthequalityofsth,espworksofart,literature,music,etc批評家；評論家sponsorn.Personwhoagreestoberesponsibleforsth;personwhoputsforwardapreposal;sportseent,etc,usuallyinreturnforadvertising擔保人；發(fā)起人；贊助者merchantn.Personwhobuysandsellsgoodsinlargequantities商人Burglarn.Personwhobreaksintohou

3、ses,shops,etcinordertosteal竊賊Sequeneen.Orderinwhichthingsoreventsfollowoneanother順序；序歹USquirreln.Smalltree-climbinganimalwithlongfurrytailthateatsnutsandalsostoresthemforthewinter松鼠一、寫作中常用的幾種定語從句關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose,that,which,as引導的定語從句是寫作的一大重點，尤其是which和as引導的非限制性定語從句在高考范文中更是屢見不鮮。Actually,we

4、cantsucceedineverythingthatwetry.（2014福建高考滿分作文）Asailorwhohasexperieneednostormwillneverbecomeanexcellentsailor.（2013福建高考滿分作文）沒經(jīng)歷過暴風雨的水手永遠不會成為一名優(yōu)秀的水手。Iamdeeplyimpressedbythegreatchangesthathavetakenplaceintheschooloverthepastthreeyears（2011福建咼考滿分作文）Everyoneofyouisexpectedtobepartoftheeventwhichencour

5、agescreativemindsandgivesfullplaytoyourDIYskills.（2014遼寧高考滿分作文）Iwasonmywaytothebookstoreandwaswaitingforthegreenlightatacrossingwhenagirlofabouttenwasknockeddownbyapassingcar,whichdroveoffquickly.（2014湖北高考滿分作文）Peoplecanenjoythemoonwhileeatingmooncakes,whicharethespecialfoodforthisfestival.（2013遼寧髙考滿

6、分作文）人們可以一邊吃月餅一邊賞月，月餅是這個節(jié)日的特殊食品。關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句是指when,where,why引導的定語從句。Thereasonwhypeoplecelebratethefestivalisthattheybelieveitisthetimewhenthemoonisatitsfullestandbrightestinthewholeyear,andpeoplewillgathertogethereatingmooncakesandappreciatingthefullmoon.（2013遼寧高考滿分作文）人們慶祝這個節(jié)日的原因是，他們相信這時候是一

7、年中月亮最滿、最亮的時候，人們聚在一起吃月餅、賞滿月。介詞+which/whom”引導的定語從句Yearsofschoollifehavetaughtmealotofthings,ofwhichwhatstrikesmemostisthatweshouldtakecarenottohurtotherswithourwords,deliberatelyorbyaccident.（2013湖北高考滿分作文）多年的校園生活教會了我很多東西，其中使我印象最深的是我們應該盡量不要用言語傷害別人，無論是故意還是無意。即時演練用適當?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空Thosewhodosimpleandordinaryjobsa

8、realsopromotingthedevelopmentofthesociety.（2013廣東高考滿分作文）Asweallknow,cleaningstreetsisoneofthehardestwork.（2013廣東高考滿分作文）EveryoneofyouisexpectedtobepartoftheeventwhichencouragescreativemindsandgivesfullplaytoyourDIYskills.（2014遼寧高考滿分作文）Thetruthisereryonewillhaveoneofthoseperiodswhenthingsseemtobegoing

9、wrong,soyoudonthavetoworrysomu（2014安徽高考滿分作文）ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,afterwhichshewenttohaveheradvaneedstudyabroad.二、定語從句的寫法定語從句是比較難掌握而又是學生在寫作中喜歡嘗試的復雜句，因此在寫作時可采用“三步法”：第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。第二步：在一個簡單句中找出一個要修飾的詞匯，這個詞在兩個簡單句中都有。第三步：把另一個簡單句改成定語從句，要特別注意引導詞的選擇。示例第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。TheforeignerisfromCanada.Hevisite

10、dourclassyesterday.第二步：在句中找出一個要修飾的詞匯：theforeigner。第三步：用句充當定語從句，theforeigner為先行詞指人，句中的代詞he指代theforeigner且在句子中作主語，故用who或that作引導詞。Theforeignerwho/thatvisitedourclassyesterdayisfromCanada.即時演練把下列每組題中的兩個簡單句合并為一個含有定語從句的復合句rvealwaysIongedforthedays.Iwillbeabletobeindependentthen.Ivealwayslonged_for_thedays

11、when_lwill_be_able_tobe.independent.Ihaveafriend.Herfatherisanengineer.Ihaveafriendwhosefatherisanengineer.1_WTheyplantedthetrees.Thetreesdidntneedmuchwater.They_planted_thereeshat/which_didnt_need_much_water.Thisisthebestmethod.Itcanbeusedagainstpollution.Thiss_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_agai

12、nst_pollution.Theysenttheelderlysomefruits,cleanedtheroomsandhadagoodchatwiththem.Theelderlyalwaysfeellonely.TheysentsomefruitstotheelderlywhoalwaysfeelIonely,cleanedtheroomsandhadagoodchatwiththem.三、定語從句寫作的幾點注意事項誤用關(guān)系詞誤：IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.正:IliveinBeijing,whichisthecapitalofChin

13、a.誤：Ihaveafriend,whosnameisLiuMei.正:Ihaveafriend,whosenameisLiuMei.句子殘缺誤：ThereweremanystudentstookpartintheEnglishcompetition.正:ThereweremanystudentswhotookpartintheEnglishcompetition.誤：Thosewhoinfavoroftheproposal,pleaseraiseyourhands.正:Thosewhoareinfavoroftheproposal,pleaseraiseyourhands.有多余詞誤：The

14、filmIsawitlastnightwasreallyverygood.正：ThefilmIsawlastnightwasreallyverygood.誤：Lastweek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupthereinmychildhood.正：Lastweek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupinmychildhood.4定語從句與并列句的混淆誤：Infact,smokingisabadhabit,itdoesgreatharmtopeopleshealth.正：Infact,smokingisabadhabit,whi

15、ch/anditdoesgreatharmtopeopleshealth.誤：Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,itdidnthelp.正：Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,which/butitdidnthelp.即時演練單句改錯1Thosehaveworkexperiencecanfindajobeasily.答案：Those后加who2Somesongsremindusofthepeoplewhichwelove.答案：whichtwho(m)3Thisis

16、thefactorywevisiteditlastyear.答案：去掉itShehasbeenateacherfor30yearsintheplacewhereusedtobeapoorarea.答案：wheretwhich/thatAsachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,itisnamedafterhisgrandfather.答案：ittwhich或在it前加and綜合演練提升用定語從句翻譯短語一個叫做Tom的男孩教我們英語的老師昨天我媽媽給我的錢矗立在河邊的樓房一位皮包被偷了的女士我們在農(nóng)場工作的開心日子7她工作的地方8她沒有交作業(yè)的原因總結(jié)：定語從句可

17、以修飾主句的不同成分一主語，賓語，表語非限制性定語從句，有時可以修飾整個主句。Thegirlwhostudieshardisverybeautiful.2.1knowthegirlwhostudieshard.Thisisthegirlwhostudieshard.翻譯句子不努力學習的學生不會通過考試的。Thestudentswhodonstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.她上周買的裙子非常好看。Thedress,whichsheboughtlastweek,isverynice.這就是他爸爸工作的地方。Thisistheplacewherehisfatherworks.你

18、們已經(jīng)取得了很大的進步，這使老師非常高興。Youhavemadegreatprogress,whichmakesyourteacherveryhappy.眾所周知，他是一個好學生。Asisknowntousall,heisagoodstudent.北京是中國的首都，它是一座美麗的城市。Beijing,whichisthecapitalcityofChina,isaverybeautiful.魯迅的原名(realname)是周樹人。在他的一生中他寫了很多小說和散文(prose)Luxun,whoserealnameisZhouShuren,wrotemanynovelsandprosesinhi

19、swholelife.欣賞句子我總是會參觀一些博物館，這些博物館對于拓寬視野、豐富知識來說是不應錯過的。Iwouldvisitsomemuseumswhich_should_not_be_missedtowidenmyhorizonsaswellasenrichmyknowledge.（2013山東高考滿分作文）當今，父母為他們的獨生子女做所有的事情，這使得這些獨生子女非常依賴于父母。Nowadaysparentshavedoneeverythingfortheirsinglechildren,which_makes_the_children_rely_on_their_parentsbadl

20、y.（2013福建高考滿分作文）3你知道，中國結(jié)非常受中國人的喜歡。As_you_know,_ChineseknotsareverypopularwithChinesepeople.（2013新課標全國卷n滿分作文）4你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市參加一個國際會議。Youknow,myuncleLiMingisgoingtothecitywhereyoulivetoattendaninternationalmeeting.（2013新課標全國卷I滿分作文）5我經(jīng)常想起被陌生人的言語傷害和侮辱的時候，甚至有時是來自熟悉的人。IoftenthinkaboutthetimeswhenIhave

21、felthurtandinsultedbyruderemarksfromstrangersandsometimesevenfromacquaintances.（2013湖北高考滿分作文）改寫句子例子：JackisfromCanada.Hehasstudiedinourschoolforthreeyears.HeoftenhelpsuslearnEnglish.HespeaksChineseverywell.改寫1:Jackisastudentofourschool,whocomesfromCanada.Hehasstudiedinourschoolforthreeyears.Heoftenhe

22、lpsuslearnEnglish,andhespeaksChineseverywell.改寫2：JackcomesfromCanada.Heisastudentofourschoolwherehehasstudiedfor3years.NotonlydoesheoftenhelpuslearnEnglishbuthespeaksChinesefluentlyaswell.實戰(zhàn)演練：Ourclassisabigfamily;Itconsistsof12girlsand50boys.Mostofthemaremainlyfromthecountryside.ZhaoQiangisakind-hearted