2022年中考英語定賓狀三大從句課件(共38張PPT)

1、 2022年中考英語狀賓定三大從句復(fù)習(xí) （沖刺版） 2022. 5.25 三大從句考點(diǎn)概覽遼寧2019-2021 賓語從句考情概覽語序時(shí)態(tài)(3次)；語序引導(dǎo)詞(2021.9)；語序主語單復(fù)數(shù)；引導(dǎo)詞和語序(2020.10)和完形填空中考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞(2020.19)。 賓從在句中位置熟記例動(dòng)詞常接賓語從句的動(dòng)詞agree, explain, know, suggest建議, believe, feel, say, think, complain抱怨, decide, doubt, find, guess, hear, hope, know, point out指出, realize意識(shí)到

2、, remember, show, suppose假設(shè), suspect懷疑, tell Can you imagine how much he paid for that?I expect that the weather will be fine. 動(dòng)詞+介詞 Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?動(dòng)詞短語keep in mind, make sure, make up ones mindMake sure that you get here before noon.Keep in mind that you sho

3、uld turn off the light when you leave.keep in mind, make sure, make up ones mind 形式賓語itbelieve, consider, find, feel, make, think后接賓語從句，用it做形式賓語I think it necessary that we read some books every day.1 feel it a pity that I havent been to the party. 介詞一般wh-從句besides, but, except可以接that從句They are talk

4、ing about what happened yesterday.I dont know what he looks like, except that hes very tall. 形容詞 sorry,sure,afraid,glad,happy,pleased, satisfied, surprised, certainI am glad that all of you have arrived at the place on time.Its too late. I am afraid that cant catch the train.賓語從句的語序賓語從句用陳述語序：主語在前，謂語

5、在后Do you know where he lives?Can you tell me how I can get to the underground station?當(dāng)特殊疑問詞充當(dāng)賓從主語時(shí)，不需要改變語序。I just want to know who did it. 賓語從句為whats wrong/the matter/the trouble/the problem, 語序不變I didnt know what was the matter.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)主句一般過去時(shí)從句時(shí)態(tài)用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)Tom told me (that) Peter had gone to the air

6、port.I heard (that) he Would give us a talk.I was pleased that my father helped those people.主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)從句時(shí)態(tài)無需改變I dont know that Tom has been here for two days.I will take back what I said.Im sorry (that) I will trouble you.賓語從句是客觀真理或規(guī)律時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不受主句影響Our teacher said that January_(be) the first mo

7、nth of the year.Tom told me that the earth _(go)around the sun.賓語從句的連接詞從屬連詞that賓語從句為陳述句，that可省略，語法詞，沒有實(shí)際意義He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.I am sure (that) he will succeed.I believe (that) you have done your best.連詞if/whether賓語從句為一般疑問句，“是否”I want to know if/whether he lives there.He asked me

8、 if/whether I could help him.只用whether不用ifwhetheror notI dont know whether he will come or not.介詞+whetherWe are talking about whether we will go there tomorrow.whether to doWe havent decided whether to go there tomorrow.whether從句位于句首Whether they will attend the meeting, I dont care.連接代詞who, whom, wh

9、ose, what， which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whosever, whatever, whicheverDo you know whom they are playing with?He asked me whose English was the best in our class.He asked who could do it by himself.Do you know what they are doing there?連接副詞when, where, why, how, whenever, whereverCan you tell m

10、e where the nearest supermarket is?Do you know when the train leaves?賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是think, expect, believe, guess, imagine, suppose等從句否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句I dont believe he will come here on time.（）I believe he wont come here on time.（）賓語從句的簡化及特殊情況賓從和主句主語一致主句謂語為agree, decide, hope, wishWe have decided that we

11、will go there by air.We have decided_I hope that I will hear from you soon.I hope_forget, know, learn, rememberI forget which bus I should take.I forget which bus _seemIt seems that he is a very nice person.He _ a very nice person.賓語從句簡化成名詞或短語I dont believe what he told me.=I dont believe _.suggest：

12、建議 suggest doing接賓語從句(should)+動(dòng)詞原形We suggest (that) he (should) go on a diet.遼寧2019-2021 狀語從句考情概覽引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞：while(2019.12)，before(2019.15)；引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞：unless(2021.9)；引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞：because(2020.24)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞although(2020.8)。時(shí)間狀語從句(1)時(shí)間狀語從句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon

13、as連詞來引導(dǎo)。It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在時(shí)間狀語從句里，通常不用將來時(shí)態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示

14、將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.條件狀語從句(1)條件狀語從句通常由if, unless引導(dǎo)。What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在條件狀語從句里，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀

15、態(tài)。Ill help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陳述句” 在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句。 Study hard and you will pass the exam. = If you study hard, you will pass the exam.原因狀語從句(1)原因狀語從句通常由because, since, as引導(dǎo)。He didnt come to school because he was ill

16、.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因，語氣最強(qiáng)。Because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句多放在主句之后?；卮鹩蓋hy提出的問題，只能用because。As和since語氣較弱，一般用來表示明顯的原因。由as和since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從居多放在句首。Why arent going there? -Because I dont want to.As he has no car, he cant get there

17、 easily.Since we have no money, we cant buy it.(3)because和so不能同用在一個(gè)句子里。結(jié)果狀語從句(1)結(jié)果狀語從句由sothat, suchthat, so that引導(dǎo)。He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.(2)sothat語such.that可以互換。在由so.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結(jié)構(gòu)是: “.so + 形容詞（副詞）+ that

18、 + 從句”。例如：The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.在由suchthat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，such是形容詞，它修飾的可以是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞；名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可不帶。如果是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面需加不定冠詞a或an。It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.（天花板）有時(shí)上述兩種結(jié)構(gòu)是可以互換的。It was s

19、uch a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.(3)如果名詞前由many, much, little, few等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用so, 不用such。Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema（去看電影） w

20、ith you.比較狀語從句比較狀語從句通常由asas, 比較級(jí) + than等連詞引導(dǎo)。Tom runs faster than John does.目的狀語從句(1)目的狀語從句通常由 so that, in order that（為了，以便）引導(dǎo)。We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)s

21、o that既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。區(qū)別這兩種從句的辦法有兩個(gè)：1)目的狀語從句里往往帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, may, might等。2)從意思上看，目的狀語從句往往表示的目的很明確。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的狀語從句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (結(jié)果狀語從句)讓步狀語從句(1)讓步狀語從句通常由although, though(盡管，雖然）等連詞引導(dǎo)。Though he is young, he knows a lot.Al

22、though I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一個(gè)句子中。并且句子中不能再用but。我們不能說：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.應(yīng)該說：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或者：It was raining hard, but he still went out.（二者單獨(dú)用，但是漢語翻譯的時(shí)候，可以把but的含義“但是”翻譯出來）地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句常常由where來引導(dǎo)。例如：Whe

23、re there is a will, there is a way.總結(jié)時(shí)間狀語從句when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once（一旦）地點(diǎn)狀語從句where, wherever 原因狀語從句because, since, as, for, now that（既然，由于）目的狀語從句in order that(為了，以便), so that結(jié)果狀語從句sothat, so that, suchthat, that條件狀語從句if, unless, as(so)long as讓步狀語從句though, although,

24、 even if, even though, however, whatever比較狀語從句asas, soas, than 方式狀語從句as, as if, as though遼寧2019-2021 定語從句考情概覽 沈陽近3年中考真題雖未考查過定語從句，但它是課標(biāo)要求學(xué)生理解的內(nèi)容。定語從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that，which，who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where，when，why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時(shí)又作定語從句的重要成分。定語從句的分類根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定

25、語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開，從句不可省去，非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開，起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。關(guān)系詞及分類關(guān)系詞用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時(shí)不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主語）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.（that作賓語）2.which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語，作主語不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如

26、：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主語）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. （作賓語）3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主語，whom用作賓語。在口語中，有時(shí)可用who代替whom， 也可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主語）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to

27、？（作賓語） 注意（1）當(dāng)定語從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時(shí)，who，that，which可省略，但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：This is the house in which we lived last year.這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔?。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請(qǐng)告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。（2）含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的位置上。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for. 這就是

28、你要找的那個(gè)人。（3）that 作介詞的賓語時(shí)，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。注意（4）. 關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個(gè)通過考試的人。b.被修飾的先行詞為all， any， much， many， everything， anything， no

29、ne， the one等不定代詞時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？c.先行詞被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。注意d. 先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí)，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：I can remember well the per

30、sons and some pictures that I saw in the room.e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，為避免重復(fù)，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰？f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。（5）關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that 的情況：a.先行詞為that， those時(shí)，用which， 而不用that.例如：Wha

31、ts that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which，而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用which， 而不用that.例如：Tom came back， which made us happy. 湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。關(guān)系副詞用法關(guān)系副詞：在句中作狀語 關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) when=during/

32、 on/ in/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) （1）when指時(shí)間，其先行詞表示時(shí)間，在句中作時(shí)間狀語。例如：This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。（2）where指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。例如：This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。（3）why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。三大從句真題練習(xí)1. (2019重慶)-Dear

33、friends, do you still remember _three years ago? -To realize our dreams.A.why you came here B. why did you come hereC.how you came here D. how did you come here2.(2019南京)-I wonder_ -Someone who can make a better person.A. when you often meet your friends B. how you make your friends happyC. who you

34、want to make friends with D. where you spend weekends with friends3.(2019成都)-Could you please tell me_? -Sure. On Friday afternoon.A. where the book sale is B.when the book sale is C.what the book sale is about D. that the book sale is4. (2020青島)-Could you tell me _tomorrow? -It will be sunny.A. wha

35、t will the weather be like B. what the weather will be likeC.When will the weather be sunny D. when the weather will be sunny5.(2019黃岡)-I dont know _during the summer vacation. Do you have any advice? -How about visiting Beijing International Horticultural Expo?A. what should I do B. when should I g

36、o C.what I should do D.when I should go6. (2019北京)-Did you notice_in her office? -Yes. She was going over our writing.A. what was Miss Lin doing B. what Miss Lin was doingC.what does Miss Lin do D. what Miss Lin does7. (2019天津)-Could you tell me _for the fruit? -By paying over the Internet.A. how mu

37、ch will I pay B. how much I will payC.how will I pay D. how I will pay8. (2020廣東)Have you decided _the Expo 2019 Beijing? This summer holiday.A. how are you going to B. how you are going to C.when are you going to D.when you are going to9.(2019山西)-Some schools have used smart uniforms. I wonder _. -

38、They can tell parents where their children are.A. who invented them B. what they are used for C.when students wear them D. that they used for10.(2019福建)We dont know_, but it tells us the importance of the friendship.A. what the story is about B. whether the story is true C. when did the story take p

39、lace D. where it take place11.(2019揚(yáng)州)-Kate, do you know_? -Im not sure. Maybe a Bird-watching Society worker.A. where can I watch birds B. what is the man with a camera.C.where I can watch birds D. what the man with a camera is12. (2020泰州)-Next Friday is my mothers birthday. Im thinking about _. -G

40、ood boy! And please give my best wishes to her.A. what present I gave her B. how I can give her a surpriseC. if I planned a party for her D. where will my family have a big deal13. (2021宿遷)-What did Mr. Wang ask you just now? -He asked me _yesterday afternoon.A. why I am absent from school B.why I w

41、as absent from schoolC.why am I absent from school D.why was I absent from school14(2019臨沂).Are babies carefree?A new study from the US says that 2-year-old babies care about_.A. how others saw them B.how do others see themC.how others see them D. what others see them15. (2019濱州)-Could you tell me _

42、? -Sure. Go down the streets, you can find it at the second crossing.A. where is the supermarket B.where the supermarket isB. when does the supermarket open D. when the supermarket opens ACBBC BDDBB DBBCB 1. (2019廣東)Not all children _watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become inte

43、rested in science.A. whom B. which C. who D. whose2. (2020河南)-Do you know the boy over there? -The one _is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.A. what B. which C. who D. whose3. (2021福建)Du Fuguo is a hero _is known to millions of Chinese people.A. who B. which C. what D. whose4. (2019成都)-The

44、boy _lost is crying there. -How do you know he gets lost?A. whose B. who C. whos D. what5. (2019長沙)China is getting better at making hi-tech products _can be bought in all parts of the world.A. who B. which C. what D. whose6. (2019黃岡)-Tomorrow is Fathers Day. Whats your surprise for your father? -The first thi