高考英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)突破：飲食與健康

1、飲食與健康一、閱讀理解Eating with a fork instead of a spoon can help you lose weight, a new research suggests. It also says that putting mirrors in your dining room will help weight loss because they actually make junk food taste worse.The researchers asked 185 college students to choose chocolate cake or a fr

2、uit salad and evaluate the taste. Those who ate them in a room with a mirror scored the taste of the junk food lower than those in a room without one, but it had no effect on the fruit salad.Lead scientist, Dr Ata Jami of the University of Central Florida,said: Aglance in the mirror tells people mor

3、e than just about their physical appearance.It enables them to view themselves and helps them to judge themselves and their behaviors in a same way that they judge others. The mirrors were found to push the subjects（ 實(shí)驗(yàn)對象）to compare and match their own behaviors with accepted social standards.The st

4、udy s authors believe it proves that people don t want to look inthe mirror when they feel that they are now sticking to those social standards. When they do look in the mirror, feelings of discomfort and failure are increased.Therefore, the presence of the mirror causes a discomfort and lowers the

5、taste of unhealthy food. But, this is only the case if the person selects the food they are eating because they are responsible for that choice.The study suggests that mirrors be placed in eating spaces so people will start eating more healthily.I.According to the research, which of thefollowing may

6、 taste worst when eating ina room with a mirror?A.Porridge.B.Chocolate cake.C.Vegetables.D.Chicken soup.Why can mirror influence the taste of junk food when people have it?A.Because it reminds people of their not charming appearance.B.Because it distracts people s attention to judge others.C.Because

7、 it makes people feel full.D.Because it gives people a feeling of failure.To make people eat more healthily, it s advised to place a mirror.A.in dining roomsB.in living roomsC.in bedroomsD.in gardens.Which part of the journal may this text appear?A.Entertainment.B.Sports.C.Health.0.Education.Well, I

8、 made it, says Greg Daniels with a smile.Recently there have been news reports and television shows reporting on the quality of school lunches. According to federal guidelines, French fries count as a serving of vegetables. Many parents and others are upset that a salty,deep-friedfood is replacing h

9、ealthier options like carrot sticks. As a result, the potato-what French fries are made of - has beengetting a bad rap .The problem is not the potato, insists Greg. Potatoes are very healthy.But any food, even carrots will be less healthy if its cooked in grease（油月旨）.Two months ago, Greg decided to

10、eat nothing but potatoes for 60 days. As a high school science teacher and son of a potato farmer, he wanted to do something to draw attention to potatoes as a healthy food and a good choice as part of anyones regular meals.Its been an interesting experience, Greg said. For a while, I wasntsure I wo

11、uld make it.I was pretty tired of eating potatoes after a few weeks.But for Greg there were some benefits that he hadnt expected. He s lost15 pounds and he feels better than he has in years. I have so much more energy, he says. Ive been running and playing on a local basketball team, and I feel like

12、 Im playing as well as I did when I was in high school.And Greg has gotten a lot of attention, much more than he expected. Its been fantastic. Thousands of people have read my blog. I have been sharing recipes and talking about the experience. Every day I get to tell people what a great idea it is t

13、o eat potatoes.Greg is glad to be back to a normal diet, but he still eats potatoes at least 5 or 6 times a week. Everyone should! he says with a smile. Potatoes are healthy and taste great!I.What does the underline part getting a bad rap mean?A.Receiving little attention.B.Becoming good for peoples

14、 health.C.Getting more and more popular.D.Obtaining an unfair judgment.After eating potatoes for a few weeks, Greg.A.gave up his planB.put on some weightC.became less healthyD.was sick of potatoes.Why did Greg decided to eat potatoes only?A.Because potatoes are cheap.B.To draw attention to himself.C

15、.To prove that potatoes are healthy.D.Because he loves potatoes very much.After eating potatoes for 60 days, Greg.A.became a little weakerB.could not eat potatoes any moreC.became much healthierD.decided to keep eating potatoes onlyA warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for th

16、osewanting a good night s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off if it is milked from a cow at night.Researchers have discovere d that “night milk contains more melatonin（ 褪 黑激素）,which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.The study, by researcher

17、s from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, accordin

18、g to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggli

19、ng to fall asleep at night.Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the l

20、east fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night. I.According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk.A.started sleep more easilyB.were more anxiousC.were less activeD.woke up later.Which of the following is true of melatonin accordin

21、g to the text?A.Its been tested on mice for ten yearsB.It can make people more energeticC.It exists in milk in great amountD.Its used in sleeping drugs.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Night Milk and SleepB.Fat Sugar and HealthC.An Experiment on MiceD.Milk Drinking and Health.How does the

22、 author support the theme of the text?A.By giving examples.B.By stating arguments.C.By explaining statistical data.D.By providing research results.Around the world, eggs have been a breakfast staple（重要部分）for all goodreasons. After all, an egg is a storehouse of vital nutrients,making it an essential

23、part of a healthy diet. And for those of you who are afraid of having this power food because youre worried that it will add to your weight, remember, one egg contains about 80 calories and about five grams offat. Hence, smart consumptionis a far healthier option.Eggs are a well-known rich source of

24、 protein - an important building block of bones, muscles, skin, and blood. The body uses protein to build and repair tissues as well as making other body chemicals. Unfortunately, unlike fat and carbohydrates（ 碳水化合物 ）,the body does not store protein, and therefore has no reservoir to draw on when it

25、 needs a new supply. Thus eggs are the perfect sources and a smart food choice for those who reduce their intake of carbohydratesin abit to lose extra weight.Another important nutrient youll find abundantly in egg white is riboflavin or Vitamin B2. And for all of you wondering whats the benefit of t

26、his nutrient, Riboflavin is a water-soluble（ 水溶性）vitamin which is involved in vital processes in the body and is necessary for normal cell function, growth, and energy production.The yolk, which many of us avoid out of fear, is actually a very healthy food, if consumed in moderation（適度）.Mainly fat,

27、the yolk contains 1.33 gm ofcholesterol（ 膽固醇）per 100 gmsand is a richsource of vitaminA,B vitamins,calcium,phosphorous（磷）and iron. Incidentally, theiron found in theyolkis easilydigestedin the body. According to nutrition experts, one can eat one whole egg every day without harming ones cholesterol

28、and otherblood-fat levels.Butfor thosewho cravefor more eggs, you can reduce fat by havingone whole egg andthewhites of the restof the eggs.I.Eggs are regarded as important in breakfast because A.it is a custom to have eggs in the breakfast.B.they are sold at a low price.C.they are high in calories

29、and low in fat.D.they can provide people with many nutrients. 2.When our body is short of protein, we may A.feel tired and sleepy.B.feel discomfort in our legs.C.get tired of eating eggs. D.be eager for other chemicals. 3.Which of the following is true about protein? A.It can t be stored in the body

30、. B.Fat can be changed into protein. C.It is a kind of carbohydrate.D.Our body can only get protein from eggs. 4.We can infer from the last paragraph that A.the author suggests we only eat the whites of eggs. B.eating enough yolk can reduce cholesterol in the body.C.iron and phosphorous in the yolk

31、are difficult to digest.D.high blood-fat level can do harm to our healthChocolate is good for your heart,skin and brain.Usually,people think that chocolate is bad for their health.They describe chocolate asa something to diefor or say “death by chocolate ” .Now they should bite thei tongues!Evidence

32、 is showing that some kinds of chocolate are actually good for you in the following ways:A happier heartScientists at Harvard University recently examined 136 studies on cocoathemain ingredient in chocolate and found that it does seem to strengthen the heart.Studies have shown heart benefits from in

33、creased blood flow.These benefits are the result of cocoa s chemicals,which seem to prevent both cell damage and inflammation（炎癥）.Better blood pressureIf yours is high,chocolate may help.Jeffrey Blumberg from Tufts University recently found that people with high blood pressure who ate 3.5 ounces of

34、dark chocolate per day for two weeks saw their blood pressure drop quickly.Muscle magicChocolate milk may help you recover after a hard workout （鍛煉）.Ina smallstudy at Indiana University,people who drank choc01ate milk between workouts did better on a tiredness test than those who had some sports dri

35、nks.Better for your skinGerman researchers gave 24 women a halfcup of special cocoa every day.After three months,the women s skin was m oister （ 滑潤的）and smoother.The research shows that chocolate helps protect and increase blood flow to the skin,improving its appearance.Brain gainsIt sounds almost t

36、oo good to be true,but research suggests that chocolate mayimprove your memory,attention span,reaction time,and problem-solving skills by increasing blood flow to the brain.What s the meaning of the underlined phrase “bite their tongues in the first paragraph?A.Stop talking.B.Speak up.C.Think of it.

37、D.Listen to it.What can t we get from chocolate according to the text?A.A healthy heart.B.Smooth skin.C.A good mood.D.A beautiful figure.What s the meaning of the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph?A.Sports drinks are better than chocolate milk.B.Sports drinks can make people easy to be tir

38、ed. C.Drinking milk can keep you energetic at work. D.We should drink chocolate milk between times when we work hard.What s the best title for this passage?A.Chocolate,a Healthy FoodB.More Chocolate,Less Health C.Chocolate and Blood Pressure D.Advice on Eating Chocolate 6 The commoncold is the world

39、 s most widespread illness, which is plagues（疫 ?。﹖hat flesh receives.The most widespread fallacy（ 謬誤）of all is that colds caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses（ 病毒）passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who a

40、lready has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages

41、 and mail dropped from airplanes.During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches（ 戰(zhàn) 壕），cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp（奧斯維辛集中營）,naked and starving, were astonished to

42、find that they seldom had colds.At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of beingcold and wetfor long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold wate

43、r, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching

44、colds, why are they more frequent in the winter?Despite the most pains-takingresearch, no one has yetfound the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed o

45、n.No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors（ 止痛片）such as aspirin, but all they do is relieve the symptoms（癥狀）.I.The writer offered examples to support his argument.A.4B.5C.6D.3.Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage? A.The Eskimos do not su

46、ffer from colds all the time.B.Colds are not caused by cold.C.People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.D.A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.Arctic explorers may catch colds when.A.they are working in the isolated arctic regionB.they are writing r

47、eports in terribly cold weatherC.they are free from work in the isolated arctic regionsD.they are coming into touch again with the outside world.Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the CommorCold Research Unit . A.suffered a lotB.never caught colds C.often caught colds D.became very strong

48、5.The passage mainly discusses. A.the experiments on the common col B.the fallacy about the common cold C.the reason and the way people catch colds D.the continued spread of common colds 7. As millions of Americans crowd into the gym armed with New Year sresolutions to get in shape, medical experts

49、are offering an additionalreason forexercise: Regular workouts may help fight off colds and flu, reduce the risk of certain cancers and chronic diseases and slow the process of aging.Physical activities have long been known to help maintain a healthy weight and reduce stress. Now, a growing body of

50、research is showing that regular exercise as simple as a brisk 30-to-45-minute walk five times a week can boostthe body s immune system, increasing th e circulation of natural killer cells that fight off viruses andbacteria. And exercise has been shown to improve the body sresponse to the influenza

51、vaccine （疫苗）,making it more effective at keeping thevirus at bay.Medical experts warn inactivity poses as great a health risk as smoking, resulting in heart disease, cancer, depression, and diabetes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says quite a few U.S. adults do not engage in any lei

52、sure-time physical activity.Even slim people who are inactive are at high risk of death and disease. So while reducing obesity is an important goal,“the better message would be to geteveryone to walk 30 minutes a day says Robert Sallis, co -director of sports medicine at Fontana Medical Center. We f

53、in d it necessary to refocus the national message on physical activity, which can have a bigger effect on health than losing weight.”Building on thatRegular exercise has been shown to prevent the ongoing damage done to cells,tissues and organs that underlies many chronic conditions. earlier research

54、, scientific studies are now suggesting that exercise-induced changes in the body s immune system may protect against some forms of cancer.Researchers are also investigating whether exercise can influence aging in the body. In particular, they are looking at whether exercise lengthens telomeres, the

55、 strands of DNA at the tips of chromosomes. When telomeres get too short, cells can no longer divide and they become inactive, a process associated with aging, cancer and a higher risk of death.A study, published in Circulation, the medical journal of the American Heart Association, concluded that p

56、hysical activity has an anti-aging effect at the cellular level, suggesting exercise could prevent aging of the cardiovascular（心腦血管）system.The guidelines, developed by the Department of Health and Human Services, recommend that adults get at least two hours and 30 minutes weekly of moderate-intensit

57、y aerobic（有氧的）physical activity, or one hour and 15 minutesa week of vigorous-intensityaerobic exercise, or an equivalent combination of both.The guidelines also say that additional health benefits can be obtained from as much as doubling the minimum recommendation for aerobic exercise.1.What is the

58、 main purpose of many Americans who take exercise?A.To have a good figureB.To make them strong-mindedC.To cure some common diseasesD.To prevent themselves getting old2.It can be inferred from the passage that.A.natural killer cells strengthen the body s immune systemB.regular exercise can remove the

59、 viruses and bacteriaC.obesity has become a social problem in AmericaD.American people need to attach more importance to physical exercise 3.How can physical activity stop aging?A.By preventing cell divisionB.By getting rid of aging cellsC.By making telomeres longerD.By repairing the damaged organs4

60、.What might be the best title for the passage?A.New Studies about Physical ExerciseB.The Hidden Benefits of ExerciseC.How to Free Ourselves from Diseases?D.Lose Weight or Keep Healthy?8. The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for humanhealth and the environment. These findings c