高考英語動詞辨析及考點歸納

1、高考英語動詞辨析及高考題精練辨別拼寫相近的詞語這類動詞有：lie（位于，在）,lie（散謊）與lay（放置，下蛋）;find（找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)）與found（成立，建立）;share（分享）與spare（抽出，勻出，騰出）等。如:B. careD. shareLet Harry play with your toys as well, Clare -you must learn to )A. supportC. spare【分析】答案選 Do讓Harry和你玩你的玩具，這是 分享(share)二、動詞與主語的搭配All the leading newspapers the trade talks b

2、etween China and theUnited States.（全國卷）A. reportedB. printedC. announcedD. publishedprint（印刷）;【分析】答案選 Ao主要報紙 repo假道）中美貿(mào)易會談 announce（宣布）；publish（出版）。Words me when I wanted to express my thanks to him for havingsaved my son from the burning house.（上海卷）failedC. discouragedleftD. disappointed【分析】答案選 Ao

3、words fail me是慣用語，與I cannot find words相當, 意為 我無法用語言來表達（自己的感情等）”。三、動詞與介詞的搭配B. sparedD. missedAs we joined the big crowd I got from my friends.（ 全國卷）A. separatedC. lost【分析】 答案選 Ao 只有 separated能與 from 連用：get / be separated from 與分散了。Mary finally Bruce as her life-long companion（ 伴侶）.（上海卷）A. receivedB.

4、acceptedC. madeD. honored【分析】答案選 Bo能與as搭配的有accept和honor,但由句思可知用accept: accept as 認可 是；honored as 尊敬 為。四、動詞與名詞的搭配The three sisters decided to hold a family party to their parentssilver wedding.（上海春招）A. celebrateB. memorizeC. congratulateD. welcome【分析】答案選 Ao動詞celebrate（慶祝）與名詞their parents silver weddi

5、ng（父母親的車艮婚 ）搭配恰當。 memorize 記住； congratulate 祝賀； welcome 歡迎。A man is being questioned in relation to the murder last night.（江蘇卷）A. advisedB. attendedC. attemptedD. admitted【分析】答案選 Co the attempted murder企圖謀殺犯。advise建議；attend 出席，注意，照顧；attempt企圖；admit允許某人進來，接受某人入學， 容納，承認。If anybody calls, tell them I m

6、 out, and ask them to their nzand address.隹國卷）A. passC. takeB. writeD. leave【分析】答案選 Do leave their name and address留下姓名和地址。A. returnsC. answersB. repliesD. receivesIf no one the phone at home, ring me at work.（全國卷）【分析】答案選 Co answer the phone / the door bell接電話/聽到門鈴后去開門。The captain an apology to the

7、passengers for the delay caused bybad weather.（全國卷）madeB. saidC. putD. passed【分析】答案選 A。 make an apology to sb. for sth.因某事給某人道歉。6. I learned toA. driveC. operatea bicycle as a small boy.（全國卷）rideD. run【分析】答案選Bo ride a bicycle / horse騎自行車/馬drive a car開（駕駛） 汽車 operate（或run） a machine / a factory 開動機器

8、/ 管理工廠； run經(jīng)營。7. 一 When shall we start?Let it 8:30. Is that all right? （ W匕京卷）A. setB. meetmakeD. take【分析】答案選 Co “make it時間”意為 就定在什么時間吧 8. The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.一Yes. But I m sure someghWill be done to air pollution.（ 上海卷）A. reduceB. removeC. collectD. warn【分析】答案選

9、A。reduce air pollution降低污染。remove移開；collect收 集；warn警告。五、近義詞的細微差別這類動詞有： 表示 著”的 see, watch, notice, observe, glance, stare 表示 說”的 say, speak, tell, talk;表示 花費”的 spend, cost, take, pay;表示 變化” 的 turn, get, become, go, grow; 表示 適合”的 suit, fit, meet, satisfy; 表示 繼 續(xù) / 延續(xù)”的 continue, last, keep;表示 收至U / 接受

10、”的 receive, accept;表 示 攜帶”的 bring, take, fetch, carry 等。 如：On hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, sheB. changedpale.（湖北卷）A. gotC. wentD. appeared【分析】答案選C。go作系動詞，多指人或事物變得不好的場合，如： go bad / sour / mad / blind / pale （食物）變質(zhì)/變酸/變瘋/變瞎/變 得蒼白，但不與old, tired, ill, angry等詞連用。get常用于口語，多指身 體、天氣、情

11、感等方面的變化，如： get well / fat / cold / angry / worried 變好/變胖/變冷/生氣/憂慮；appear作系動詞，意為 好像、似乎”；change不作系動詞，后面不接形容詞。He teacher after graduation.（天津卷）A.becomeB.turnedC. grownD. passed【分析】答案選 B。turn和become后都可接名詞，但turn后的單數(shù)名詞 前通常不要冠詞；grow著重漸變的過程，且多指由小變大或由少變多， 反之則用 become。The evening news comes on at seven o cloc

12、k and only thirtyminutes.（四川卷）A. keepsC. finishesB. continuesD. lasts【分析】答案選D。因為keep指保持某種狀態(tài)，不用來指持續(xù)多久；finishes 是短暫性動詞，不與時間段連用；continue雖可指持續(xù)多久，但時間段前通常要用for;而last表示持續(xù)多久，其后的時間段前通常省略for。If you are feeling so tired, perhaps a little sleep would.（浙江卷）A. actB. helpC. serveD. last【分析】答案選B。因為serve（服務）和last（持續(xù)

13、）很容易排除。help意為 有 幫助，有用，減輕，補救；而act則意為 起作用，生效（=produce an effect; work）：顯然，前者是起好作用，而后者則不一定，因此， B最佳。一 How about eight oThat me fine.clock outside the cinema?卷）B. meetsD. suitsA. fitsC. satisfies【分析】答案選 D。fit (=be the right size or shape for)指衣物鞋帽等的形 狀大小 舍適，合身；satisfy指達到”要求或 符合”條件、滿足”需要/欲 望/好奇心等；meet (=s

14、atisfy),指符合、滿足”需要/要求/條件/愿 望等；suit表示符合”某人的需要或要求(=satisfy)、衣服或發(fā)型等 適合于“某人(=look attractive on sb.)、對某人方便或合某人心意 (=be convenient for sb.)。句意是：那對我很方便或這很合我的意。John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been by a heavy storm.(遼寧卷)A. keptB. stoppedC. slowedD. delayed【分析】答案選 Do delay在句中意為 使遲

15、到/延誤(=cause sb. to belate),另外還有 推遲(=put of貶意。keep使某人耽擱或耽誤(=hold back, prevent);stop使停止或阻止；slow 使變慢或減速 (=make or become slower)o一 Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?Yes. They have better players, so I them to win.(全國卷)A. hopeB. preferC. expectD. want【分析】答案選Co根據(jù)他們有更優(yōu)秀的運動員”，可以預料(expect) ” 他們會贏，

16、而不是 更喜歡(prefer)或想要(want)他們贏。hope不可接 sb. to do sth.。him and then try to copy what he does.（全國卷）A. MindB. Glance atC. Stare atD. Watch【分析】答案選 D o模仿前需要 觀察(watch):而不是 快速地看一下(glance) 或盯著看(stare),更不是 照看(mind):They the train until it disappeared in the distance.（全國卷)A. sawC. noticedB. watchedD. observed【分析

17、】答案選Bo由until可知，要用延緩性動詞，排除 A和C; watch 表示 注視，觀看”活動變化的人或物，observe表示 仔細觀察 (=watch careful)。Shefor one hour but didn全國much.(一 What did you think of her speech?B. spoke; sayD. said; say卷）A. spoke; speakC. said; speak【分析】答案選Bo speak除可接表示語言的名詞作賓語外，一般作不及 物動詞，且著重說話的動作過程；say是及物動詞，著重說話的內(nèi)容。第一空后無賓語，用spoke,第二空后有代詞

18、 much作賓語，用say。Some passengers complain that it usually so long to fill in travelB. takesD. sparesinsurance documents. （h海卷）A. costsC. spends【分析】答案選Bo能用形式主語句式的只有 cost和take;又因cost一般 只以錢作賓語，而take既可用錢又可用時間作賓語。It seems difficult tohurt ” from“_ihjW) in meaA. judgeB. tellC. divideD. separate【分析】答案選Bo四個選項都

19、可與from搭配，要從各自的意義去區(qū)分：tell A from B 分辨 A 和 B。judge A from B 根據(jù) B 來判斷 A ; divide / separateA from B把A和B分隔/分離開) May I speak to Mr. Thomas, please?一I m afraid he isn t in. Would you like to a meksige?(A. takeB. writeC. leaveD. tell【分析】 答案選 Co leave a message留個口信；take a message for sb.給某 人捎個口信。六、在特定語境中考查動

20、詞的意義與用法試題所給四個選項在意義或用法上相差較大，需要根據(jù)上下文的意思，即語境來確定一個正確選項。如：一How do you we go to Beijing for our holidays?一I think we d better fly there. It s much moieicon)fortable.(A. insistB. wantC. supposeD. suggest【分析】答案選 Do從答語I think we d bette可知；上文是在征求意見 或請?zhí)峤ㄗh，所以選 DoWill $200?一I m afraid not. We need at least 50 mo

21、re dollars匕卷）A. countB. satisfyC. fitD. do【分析】答案選 Do從答語可知，是問是否夠了工表示 夠了，合適要用 do ( =be enough, be suitable)。They see you as something of a worrier,problems which don exist and crossing bridges long before you come to them.（重慶卷）A. settingB. discoveringC. seeingD. designing【分析】答案選Co根據(jù)句意 池們把你看成是一個杞人憂天的人，

22、常常 考慮一些并不存在的問題，為那些尚未發(fā)生的事情而煩惱?！笨芍?，只有see才有 考慮”之意。set設置；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；design設計。The taxi driver often remains passengers to their belongings whenthey leave the car.隹國卷）A. keepC. holdB. catchD. take【分析】答案選D。乘客下車時，司機提醒乘客把自己的東西帶走(take)I love to go to the seaside in summer. It good to lie in the sun orswim in

23、the cool sea.(全國卷)A. doesC. getsB. feelsD. makes全 ll never j【分析】答案選 Bo由good可知應選系動詞，排除 A和D;躺在陽光下 或在涼爽的海水里游泳 感覺(feel)真好，而非 變得(get)好。You re your time trying to persuade him; he國卷）A. spendingB. wastingC. losingD. missing【分析】答案選 Bo可接time （in） doing sth.的有spend加費）和waste（浪 費）；由他決不會加入我們可知你試圖勸服他”是浪費（waste）時間

24、。I can you to the market in my car.（全國卷）A. sendB. pickC. rideD. take【分析】答案選 Do由in my car可知是 我”用車帶你去市場，表示 帶某人到/用take sb. to send送或派（但本人是不去的），與in my car矛盾No, dear. They don卷)一Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard?well. Put them in the fridge instead.(A. keepB. fitC. getD. last【分析】答案選 Ao指食物保持良好，

25、用 keep。fit合身；get變成；last持 續(xù)多久。Have a good rest; you need to your energy for the tennis matchthis afternoon. （W匕京卷）A. leaveB. saveC. holdD. take【分析】 答案選 Bo save （=keep sth. for future use儲蓄。save one s energy / strength積蓄力量/留著勁兒。leave離開，留下；hold保持（姿態(tài)）。10.Why haven t you bought any butter?I to, but I for

26、got about it.（ 北京卷）A. likedB. wishedC. meantD. expected【分析】答案選C。由but I forgot about it,可知 原本打算”去買的，表示 打 算做某事用mean to do sth。Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he doeshis boss.（北京卷）A. servesB. satisfiesC. promises【分析】答案選B。句意:一樣事使老板滿意的。表示The thing thator not.（上海卷）A. mattersC

27、. considersD. supportsNick要找另一份工作，因為他感到他做的沒有 使某人滿意用satisfy sb.。is not whether you fail or not, but whether you tryB. caresD. minds【分析】答案選 Ao matter(=is important)要緊、重要。that matters是定語 從句。七、動詞的句型搭配They ve us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take（ft?S卷）A. providedB. suppliedC. shownD. offered【分析】答案選Do

28、能接雙賓語的只有 show和offer,但show sb. sth.（給 某人看某物）與句意不符，只有offer正確。順便說說，此句與朗文英漢 雙解詞典offer詞條中的一個例句幾乎一樣：They ve offered us $75,000 for the house. Should we take it?表示 給某人提供某物”的句型是：provide / supply sb. with sth.;或provide sth. for sb. / supply sth. to sb。We each other the best of luck in the examination.（全國卷）A.

29、 hopedB. wantedC. expectedD. wished【分析】答案選 Do選項中能接雙賓語的只有wish。want / expect (sb. ) todo sth. ; hope to do sth.或 hope that Go and join in the party.it to me to do the washing-up.(上海卷)A. GetB. RemainC. LeaveD. Send【分析】答案選 Co leave sth. to sb.把某事物留給某人。題中it是形式賓 語，真賓語是to doThe manager has to improve the w

30、orking conditions in thecompany.（上海卷）A. acceptedB. allowedC. permittedD. agreeds to be UHe a good(【分析】答案選 Do選項中只有agree后可以接to do,表示 同意做I don t know the restaurant, but it卷)A. saidB. toldC. spokenD. talked【分析】答案選 Ao sb./ sth. be said to據(jù)說某人或某物附：常用動詞辨析（預習內(nèi)容）raise, riseraise 及物動詞，rise 不及物動詞 The sun rise

31、s in the east.bring, take, carry, fetchbring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動作 fetch a box of chalkspend, take, pay, costspend人做主語，花錢，花時間；spend - on sth./in doing sth; takfej做主語，花時間；pay人做主語，花錢， pay for; cost物做主語，花錢join, join in, take part injoin加入某個組織，并成為其中的一員；join in參加小型的活動，join sb. in； take part in

32、參加大型的活動 He joined the army five years ago.learn, studylearn學習，側(cè)重學習的結果，study學習，側(cè)重學習的過程，研究study the problemwant, hope, wishwant 打算， 想要， want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望 （通?？梢詫崿F(xiàn)），hope to do/ hope that 希普 （通常不能實現(xiàn)） wish （sb.） to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.discover, invent, find outdiscove

33、r發(fā)現(xiàn)本來存在但不為人所知的東西，invent發(fā)明本來不存在的物體，find out發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明At last he found out the truth.answer, replyanswer及物動詞，reply不及物動詞，后接 to reply to the letterleave, leave forleave 離開，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.rob, stealrob 搶劫 rob sb. of sth., steal偷 steal sth. from sb.shoot, shoot atshoot射死，shoot at瞄準，但不

34、一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.drop, falldrop 及物不及物均可，fall 不及物動詞 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.search, search forsearch 后接地點，search for后接東西 He searched his pocket for money.used to, be used toused to過去常常，be used to習慣于，后接 sth./doing sth.被用來，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.win

35、, lose, beatwin 后接 sth., 反義詞為 lose, beat后接 sb. win the game, beat themlive on, live bylive on 以為主食，live by 靠謀生 live on fish/ live by fishingbeat, hit, strikebeat連續(xù)性地擊打；hit打中，對準打；strike打一下或若干下 beat the wingsmeet, meet withmeet遇至U, meet with 體驗至U, 遭遇至U meet with an accidentlose, misslose 失去 （具體的物體）， 錯

36、過 sth. is lost, lose the chance miss 想念， 錯過 sth. is missing, miss the chance 20. be tired of, be tired with/frombe tired of 厭煩,be tired with/from 因為而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meterscare about, care forcare about關心，計較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for關心，照料，喜歡，愿意He doesnt care about his clothes. I dont ca

37、re for movies.catch a cold, have a coldcatch a cold不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用，而have a cold可以She has had a cold for a week.change for, change intochange for調(diào)換成，change into變成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.continue, last二者均為持續(xù)，continue 主動，被動均可，last 只能用主動 The war continued/lasted five ye

38、ars. The story is to be continued.feed, raisefeed 喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng) (to give food to), raise飼養(yǎng)， 養(yǎng)育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the familygo for a doctor, go to a doctorgo for a doctor 去請醫(yī)生，go to a doctor去看病notice, observe, catch sight ofnotice 注意至U, observe觀察， 仔名田地看，catch sight of 突然看至U observe

39、the starsinsist on, stick toinsist on 堅持要求，后常接 doing, stick to 堅持，后常接 sth. stick to the planlook, seem, appearlook指從外表上看，seem指內(nèi)心的判斷，appear指給人以表面的印象 appear wise, look like his fathergather, collectgather把分散的東西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有選擇地進行收集collect stampsmean to do, mean doingmean to do打算，想要做某事， mean doing

40、意思是，意味著 By this I mean giving the students more practice.die from, die ofdie from表示死于（槍）傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，die of表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素 die of hunger and coldpay for, pay back, pay offpay for 為付錢，pay back還錢，但不一定還清，pay off 還清 pay for the book, pay off the debtdivide, separatedivide 把一個整體分成幾部分，separate把連在一起的個體分開 divide the apple, separate the housesarrive, get, reacharrive不及物動詞，后接in （大地點），at（小地點），get不及物動詞后接to, reach及物動詞arrive in Beijing,get to Beijing, reach Beijinggrow, plantgrow使某種植物在某地生長著或使其發(fā)展下去，plant移植，移栽已經(jīng)長成秧苗的植物plant the trees, trees