人教版（步步高）高三英語一輪復習 Unit 1 Great scientists精品課件 新人教

1、Book 5 Unit 1 Great scientists基礎(chǔ)落實.高頻單詞思憶1.The enemy was (打敗) in a decisive battle.2.The baby was left (暴露) to the sun. 3.This illness cant be (治愈) easily.4.Clever children (吸收) knowledge quickly.defeatedexposedcuredabsorb15.The drought is becoming increasingly (嚴重的). 6.Who invented the steam (發(fā)動機)?

2、7.Kindness is one of his (特征).8.It took the jury some time to reach the c that she was guilty.9.Which driver was to b for the accident? 10.We c 5,000 yuan to the earthquake fund.severeenginecharacteristicsonclusionlameontributed2.重點短語再現(xiàn)1. 提出2. 得出結(jié)論3. 使暴露于中4. 結(jié)束5. 除之外；此外6. 導致，造成（后果）7. 調(diào)查8. 也；另外9. 有意義

3、；講得通10. 將和連接起來put forwarddraw a e to an endapart fromlead tolook intoin additionmake senselink.to.3.典型句式運用1.Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?你知道如何用科學的研究 方式來證明一個新觀點嗎？ 有些及物動詞像know,ask,tell, consider,decide,explain等，后面可以跟 “ ”結(jié)構(gòu)作 ，這類疑問詞有 how,what,when,where,whether等。 這種“疑問詞+不定式

4、”結(jié)構(gòu)除了作賓語外，在句 中還可以作 、表語、狀語等。考點提煉疑問詞+不定式賓語主語42.With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.有了這個證據(jù)，約 翰斯諾就肯定地宣布，這種污染了的水攜帶著 病菌。 was/were able to do意為“ ”，相當于managed to do或 succeeded in doing。此時不可用could替換，因 為could通常表示“曾經(jīng)具備某種能力，過去能做 （而現(xiàn)在不能了）”。

5、考點提煉成功地做了某事，做成了某事53.To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.為了防止這種情況 的再度發(fā)生，約翰斯諾建議，所有水源都要經(jīng) 過檢測。 suggest (to sb.) that.意為 “ ”，此時that從句中的謂 語動詞要用 形式， 以省略?？键c提煉（向某人）建議should+v.should64.He knew that cholera would never be controlled unt

6、il its cause was found.他知 道，在找到病源之前，霍亂是無法控制的。 never.until.其中until=till意 為“ ”。 句中謂語動詞應(yīng)為 動詞；若為 動 詞，則應(yīng)用肯定形式。 注意 not until/never until放在句首時，句子 應(yīng)采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 not until的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is/was not until+被強調(diào)部分+that/who.?？键c提煉直到為止終止性延續(xù)性7導練互動重點單詞1.conclude Draw a . (回歸課本P1) 觀察思考 He concluded from their remarks that they w

7、ere not in favour of the plan. 他從他們的話語中推斷出他們不贊同此項計劃。 The play concluded with a happy ending. 這出戲以大團圓結(jié)束。 They concluded a treaty with Turkey. 他們同土耳其締結(jié)了一項條約。conclusion8歸納總結(jié)conclude vi. & vt.，意為： 。conclude sth.with sb.就某事與某人達成協(xié)議to conclude最后(2)conclusion n.結(jié)束；結(jié)論in conclusion最后；總之a(chǎn)rrive at/come to/draw/

8、reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論come to a conclusion that.所得結(jié)論是推斷，斷定；結(jié)束；造成；締結(jié)(1)concludesth.(from sth.)(from sth.) that.推斷出，斷定conclude sth.with sth.by doing sth.以結(jié)束9即學即用(1)會議于十點鐘結(jié)束。 The meeting .(2)從證據(jù)看，我敢斷定你錯了。 From the evidence I must you are wrong. (3)最后，祝大家取得圓滿成功！ ,I wish everyone a complete success! (4)我

9、看他是在說謊。 I that he was lying.concluded at ten oclockconclude thatTo concludecame to the conclusion102.defeat John Snow “King Cholera”. (回歸課本P2) 觀察思考 He defeated the champion in three sets. 他三盤擊敗了冠軍。 The instruction manual completely defeated me. 這操作指南把我完全弄糊涂了。 Staying late at the office to discuss sh

10、orter working hours rather defeats the object of the exercise! 遲遲待在辦公室討論縮短工作時間恰恰是在阻撓 這一目標的實現(xiàn)！ They finally had to admit defeat. 他們最后只得認輸。defeats11歸納總結(jié)defeat 。易混辨異defeat,beat,win這三個詞都有“贏”的意思，但用法不盡相同。(1)defeat和beat都可接sb.作賓語，一般可以互換，其賓語通常是“人”或“一個團體”，如a team,a class,a school,an army等。另外,defeat還可用于指在戰(zhàn)爭中“擊

11、敗”敵軍或入侵者。(2)win后接sth.,如game,war,prize,love,respect等；后接sb.時表示“爭取某人”。vt.打??；難住；阻撓；n.失敗12即學即用(1)張怡寧在第29屆奧運會上艱難地戰(zhàn)勝了李佳薇。 Zhang Yining Li Jiawei in the 29th Olympics. (2)這個問題把我難住了，我無法解決它。 The problem has and I cant solve it. (3)這個政黨面臨選舉失敗。 The party in the election.defeatedwithdifficultydefeated mefaces de

12、feat133.expose But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people to cholera. (回歸課本P2) 觀察思考 When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth. 他笑時露出了一口漂亮的白牙。 He exposed the plan to the newspapers. 他向幾家報紙透露了這個計劃。 The film has been exposed. 這膠卷已經(jīng)曝光了。 Do not expose babies to stro

13、ng sunlight. 不要讓嬰兒受到強烈的日光照射。exposed14歸納總結(jié)expose 。expose sth.顯露或露出某事物expose sth./sb./oneself (to sth.)顯露或暴露某人/某事物/自己exposed adj.（指地方）無遮蔽的；不遮擋風雨的be exposed to暴露于exposure n.顯露，暴露；揭露，揭發(fā)vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使遭受15即學即用(1)嬰兒被遺棄于風雨之中。 The baby was left . (2)他說了那句不妥的話，暴露了自己對此事的無知。 That unfortunate remark of the subje

14、ct.(3)那小屋位于山頂毫無遮蔽之處。 The cottage is at the top of the hill.exposed to the wind andrainexposed hisignorancein a very exposed position164.cure Neither its cause nor its was understood. (回歸課本P2) 觀察思考 There is no cure for the common cold at present. 目前仍沒有治愈感冒的良藥。 Can you cure me of my cold? 你能治好我的感冒嗎？cu

15、re17歸納總結(jié)cure 治愈，治療。(1)a cure for sth.治療的方法(2)cure sb.of+疾病名稱 治愈某人的疾病cure sb.of+不良行為 矯正某人的不良行為(3)與cure sb.of sth.結(jié)構(gòu)類似的短語還有：remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事suspect sb.of sth.懷疑某人（做）某事rob sb.of sth.搶了某人某物inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事n. & vt.18注意 treat和cure都表示“治療”的意思。但treat

16、表示治療過程，不表示結(jié)果，而cure強調(diào)結(jié)果，意為“治療，治愈”，常與of連用。即學即用用適當?shù)膐f短語填空(1)She him stealing.(2)Please us any changes of address. (3)You me your father when you say that. (4)He resigned after he was theft.accusedofinformofremindedofsuspected of195.blame It seemed that the water was to . (回歸課本P2) 觀察思考 He blamed you for

17、 the neglect of duty. 他責備你玩忽職守。 The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving. 警察把那起交通事故歸咎于杰克的粗心駕駛。 The government will have to take the blame for the riots. 政府將不得不對騷亂承擔責任。blame20歸納總結(jié)blame ；n.過失；責備。blame sb.for sth./doing sth.因為某事責備某人/責備某人做了某事blame sth.on sb.把某事歸咎于某人be to blame (f

18、or) 應(yīng)（為）承擔責任；該（為）受責備（此處不能用被動語態(tài)）accept/bear/take the blame for sth.對某事負責任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.將某事歸咎于某人vt.責備；把歸咎于21即學即用(1)如果不怪你，該怪誰呢？(2)我們愿對所發(fā)生的事負責。(3)如果結(jié)果糟糕，她將會怪罪于我們。If you are not to blame,then who is?We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.Shell put the blame on us if it tu

19、rnsout badly.226.contribute to (回歸課本P4) 觀察思考 This new discovery will contribute to all humanity. 這個新發(fā)現(xiàn)將對全人類作出貢獻。 Most people contributed something towards/to the new church buildings. 大部分人都為教堂的新建筑捐獻了一些東西。 A little exercise will contribute a lot to your health. 少量的運動對你的健康大有幫助。 She contributes regular

20、ly to a physics journal. 她經(jīng)常向一家物理雜志社投稿。contribute23歸納總結(jié)contribute 。(1)contribute.to.把貢獻給contribute to為作出貢獻；把時間投入；有助于；導致(2)contribution n.捐獻物；貢獻；捐款；稿件make a contribution to對作出貢獻contribution to對的貢獻(3)contributor n.撰稿人；捐助人；促成物vt. & vi.貢獻；捐助；增加，添進；投稿24即學即用（1）他主動向紅十字會捐款。 He offered to the Red Cross.（2）各種

21、因素導致了他的倒臺。 Various factors his downfall.（3）我已經(jīng)給北京晚報投了好幾篇文章，可一 篇也沒發(fā)表過。 I Beijing Evening News,but none of them have been published. （4）他對項目的全面成功做出了非常積極的貢獻。 He the overall success of the project.contribute tocontributed tohave contributed several articles tomade a very positive contribution to25重點短語與句

22、型7.put forward Who a theory about black holes? (回歸課本P1) 觀察思考 A better plan was put forward by the headmaster. 校長提出了一項更好的計劃。 Her name was put forward as the best for the job. 她被推薦為這項工作的最佳人選。 Put the clock forward by 5 minutes. 把表撥快5分鐘。put forward26歸納總結(jié)put forward意為： 。put aside節(jié)??；儲蓄，儲存put away放好；積蓄put

23、 back放回；撥回put down記下；鎮(zhèn)壓put in放入；加進put off延期，推遲put on穿上；演出put out熄滅，撲滅put through接通電話put up舉起；張貼；公布；掛起；建造提出；推薦；建議；將提前27即學即用用put的相關(guān)短語填空(1)Tom the lamp and went out.(2)Never till tomorrow what you can do today. (3)She some good proposals for educational reform.(4)We some money every month for our retir

24、ement. (5)They are going to a memorial in memory of people who died in the earthquake.put output offput forwardputasideput up288.apart from the construction mentioned above,you have also learned the following phrases. (回歸課本P4) 觀察思考 Apart from their house in London,they also have a villa in Spain. 他們

25、在倫敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙還有一座 別墅。 It was a difficult time.Apart from everything else,we had financial problems. 當時是困難時期。別的一切都不說，我們財政上 也有問題。Apart from29歸納總結(jié)apart from意為： 。(1)in addition to除之外（還有，包括除去內(nèi)容在內(nèi)）besides除之外（還有，包括除去內(nèi)容在內(nèi)）except除之外（不包括除去內(nèi)容在內(nèi)）except for除了之外；只是except that (what/when/where.)除了(2)take.apart將拆

26、開tell A and B apart分辨出A與B除之外；此外30即學即用(1)姑且不論價格，這件衣服也不適合我穿。 ,the dress doesnt suit me. (2)除了幾個缺點外，他是個很好的老師。 He is a good teacher some shortcomings. (3)他除了是位學者，還是位有名的作家。 ,he was a famous writer. (4)很小的時候，我常拆卸舊玩具車。 I often some old toy cars when I was a child.Apart from the costexcept forBesides being

27、a scholartookapart319.make sense Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky . (回歸課本P7) 觀察思考 What you say does not make sense to me. 你說的話我弄不明白。 No matter how you read it,this sentence doesnt make sense. 不論你怎么讀，這個句子都講不通。make sense32歸納總結(jié)make sense意為： 。make sense of理

28、解，明白make no sense沒道理；沒意義There is no sense in doing sth.做沒道理in a sense在某一方面；就某種意義來說in no sense決不是，決非有道理；講得通；有意義33即學即用 (1)你能聽懂這個美國人在說些什么嗎？ Can you what this American is saying? (2)那對我毫無意義。 That just to me. (3)在一定意義上，學習法律就像學習一門語言。 ,learning the law is like learning a language. (4)沒必要買那么貴的大衣，這些便宜的也很好。 T

29、heres that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.make sense ofmakes no senseIn a senseno sense in buying3410.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次爆發(fā)霍亂時，都有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。 典例體驗 I went to see her,she was reading books. 每次我去看她，她都在看書。 I see the old

30、photo,I will think of my deskmate in the primary school. 每次看到這張老照片，我都會想起小學時的同桌。Every timeEvery time35歸納總結(jié)every time意為：“ ”，引導一個 從句，相當于 。（1）名詞詞組作連詞用，引導時間狀語從句的有：every time,each time,any time,the last time,next time,the first time,the moment,the second,the minute,the hour,the day等。（2）有些副詞，如directly,inst

31、antly,immediately也可引導狀語從句。每當時間狀語whenever36即學即用(1)我每次感冒背就痛。 I catch a cold,I have pains in my back. (2)我第一次爬到墻上去時，感到很緊張。 I climbed onto the wall,I felt very nervous.(3)她一看到蛇就叫了起來。 She let out a cry she saw the snake.(4)鐘剛敲了五下我就離開了。 I left the clock struck 5Every timeThe first timethe momentimmediatel

32、y37考題回扣【例1】Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumina(校友） from home and abroad. （江蘇高考） A.AttendB.To attend C.AttendingD.Having attended38解析 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句是一個倒裝句，把它還原成正常語序應(yīng)該是：Our alumina from home and abroad are the ceremony

33、of the 50th Anniversary this morning.所以此題應(yīng)該選C項attending作謂語動詞的一部分。答案 C課文原文John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert,indeed,that he Queen Victoria as her personal physician.attended39【例2】Bill suggested a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. （上海高考） A.having heldB.to h

34、old C.holdingD.hold 解析 suggest后面要接動名詞作賓語，A項是動 名詞的完成式表示發(fā)生在謂語動詞suggested之前 的一個動作，由句意可知不合題意，故排除，因 此選C。 課文原文 The first that cholera multiplied in the air.suggestedC40【例3】My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. （全國高考） A.whichB.that C.whereD.it 解析 句意為：我朋友領(lǐng)我參觀了這座城鎮(zhèn)，這 真是太好了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用whi

35、ch引 導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的內(nèi)容。 課文原文 His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe.whichA41【例4】Can those at the back of the classroom hear me? No problem. （福建高考） A.seatB.sit C.seatedD.sat 解析 at the back of the classr

36、oom為分 詞短語作定語。sit為不及物動詞，可用sitting .作定語；seat為及物動詞，常與反身代詞連用 或用be seated形式。這里seat與those構(gòu)成邏輯 上的動賓關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞作定語。C課文原文He found that it came from the riverby the dirty water from London.polluted42【例5】There were some chairs left over everyone had sat down. （四川高考） A.whenB.until C.thatD.where 解析 句意為：當大家都坐下時，還有

37、些椅子剩 余。when引導時間狀語從句；until也引導時間狀 語從句，表示“直到”；that引導結(jié)果狀語 從句，用于so.that.中；where引導地點狀語 從句。 課文原文 But he became inspired he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.whenA43翻譯重組的基本方法 一、合并法 合并法是把若干個短句合并成一個長句。漢語強調(diào)意合，結(jié)構(gòu)較松散，因此簡單句較多；英語強調(diào)形合，結(jié)構(gòu)較嚴密，因此長句較多。所以漢譯英時要根據(jù)需要注意利用連詞、分詞、介詞、不定式、定語從句、獨立結(jié)構(gòu)等把漢語短句連成

38、長句。如： 沒有農(nóng)業(yè)，人類便不能生存，社會生產(chǎn)也就不能繼續(xù)下去。 But for/Without agriculture,human could not exist,nor could social production continue.寫作技能44 二、正譯法和反譯法 所謂正譯，是指把句子按照與漢語相同的語序或表達方式譯成英語。所謂反譯則是指把句子按照與漢語相反的語序或表達方式譯成英語。正譯與反譯常常具有同義的效果，但反譯往往更符合英語的思維方式和表達習慣，因此比較地道。 如：政府應(yīng)致力于降低房價，讓百姓買得起房。 正譯：The government should make efforts

39、 to bring down the prices of houses so that people can afford them. 反譯：The government should make efforts to bring down the prices of houses so that houses are available(to people).45 三、倒置法 在漢語中，定語修飾語和狀語修飾語往往位于被修飾語之前；在英語中，許多修飾語常常位于被修飾語之后，因此翻譯時往往要把原文的語序顛倒過來。 如：改革開放以來，中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。 Great changes have ta

40、ken place in China since the introduction of the reform and opening policy.46 四、插入法 把難以處理的句子用破折號、括號或前后逗號插入譯句中，即用同位語、插入語或定語從句來處理一些解釋性成分。 如：在某種程度上，成功源自自信，而成功也會增強自信。 To some extent,success results from selfconfidence while it also helps enhance selfconfidence.47即時練習請用以上翻譯重組的技巧翻譯下列句子1.他仍然沒有弄懂我的意思。(正反譯)

41、2.我們需要大量有豐富經(jīng)驗的志愿者。 3.我們覺得幫助他人是我們的職責。 He still could not understand me.(正譯)Still he failed to understand me.(反譯)We need a number of volunteers who haverich experience.We feel it our duty to help others.484.不保護環(huán)境，我們就將沒有干凈的飲用水。5.我們可以通過經(jīng)常鍛煉和保持健康的飲食來強身健體。6.我想知道講座是否有錄音。如果有，我可以借嗎？(插入法)If we do not protect

42、the environment,wewill have no clean drinking water.We can build up our body by taking regularexercise and keeping a healthy diet.I wonder if the lecture was recorded.Ifso,can I borrow a tape?497.我的家鄉(xiāng)位于北江河畔，是個風景秀麗適合居住的城市。8.如果您能考慮我的建議，我將感激不盡。My hometown,a beautiful city located on theBeijing River,is

43、 a place suitable forliving.Ill appreciate it very much if you couldconsider my advice.50自主檢測.品句填詞1.Mrs.White bought a pan with a long h .2.It is a pity that he suffered from a s mental illness.3.After the match the judge a that our team won the title.4.In respect of the problem,we dont have to draw

44、 a c .5.What c distinguish the Americans from the Canadians?andleeverennouncedonclusionharacteristics516.A nurse (照料) to his needs constantly.7.Police suspect there may be a (關(guān)聯(lián)) between the two murders.8.Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious (挑戰(zhàn)) we face.9.She sat by the window

45、(紡線).10.He was brave enough to (揭露) this terrible criminal.attendedlinkchallengesspinningexpose 52.短語運用1.They a plan for reducing the traffic accidents at the meeting.2.I dont all these socalled health foods.3.The president of our club the problem now.4.This is a book Asian problems.deal with,apart

46、from,work on,put forward,make sense,only if,be linked to,believe in,look into,lead to(have) put forwardbelieve inis looking intodealing with535.All this the great progress in that area.6.He his composition for hours and hasnt finished yet.7. a teacher gives permission is a student allowed to enter t

47、he room.8.It doesnt for parents to give children whatever they want.9.They believe that this illness the use of chemical pesticides.10.Your article is well written a few spelling mistakes.led tohas been working onOnly ifmake senseis linked toapart from54.完成句子1.1860年，一個名叫威廉的英國人提出了一項更好 的計劃。 In 1860,a

48、better plan by an Englishman,William.2.除了遺傳基因外，智力的高低還取決于日常飲食、 教育和家庭環(huán)境。 genes,intelligence also depends on diet,education and home environment.3.這條小路通到那個村莊。 The path that village.was put forwardIn addition toleads to554.除了幾個單詞外，我對法語一無所知。 a few words,I do not know any French at all.5.湯姆一向?qū)⒆雍車栏瘛?Tom i

49、s always his children.6.只有在麻醉師給病人施行麻醉以后，手術(shù)才能進 行。 Only after the anesthetist gave the patient an anesthetic be conducted.Apart fromstrict withcould the operation567.我直到6歲時才會用針縫東西。 I couldnt sew . 8.理論沒有實踐不行，實踐沒有理論也不行。 Neither could theory do without practice, do without theory.9.如果汽車當時翻到懸崖下，他們早就喪命了。

50、They if the car had gone over the cliff.10.我們要到星期四才能去。 We until Thursday.until I was sixnor could practicewould have been killedcant go57.單項填空1.Do you like to buy the product an advertisement on TV? Not really.I think its better to look before we leap. A.advisesB.suggests C.announcesD.praises解析 此題考查

51、詞義辨析。電視廣告自然是“暗 示”（suggest）人們買產(chǎn)品。advise建議； announce宣布；praise贊揚，均不符合句意。B582.The official involved in the scandal said he was under to make the false statement to the police. A.controlB.influence C.pressureD.effort 解析 此題考查介詞短語的區(qū)別。under pressure在的壓力下；under control被控制 ??；under influence在影響下；effort多與 with搭

52、配。由題意可知，C項符合要求。C593.Johnson,come and look at the sea!Its beautiful,isnt it? Absolutely!If only I here by the sea. A.had livedB.lived C.liveD.will live解析 if only要是就好了；但愿，用以表示 對現(xiàn)在、未來的愿望，或者與過去事實相反的愿 望。根據(jù)題意可知，這是現(xiàn)在的愿望，所以B項 正確。B604.Please us in the discussion. Id like to,but Im busy at the moment. A.atten

53、d;too B.join;much too C.take part in;much too D.join;too much 解析 attend指參加會議、婚禮、典禮、上學、 上課、聽報告等較為正式的場合；join指加入某 一組織并成為其中一員；join in指參加活動，常 用作join sb.in+活動；take part in指參加某項 活動并在其中起一定作用；much too后接形容詞 或者副詞，表示“太”。故只有B項符合題意。B615.The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. A.couldB.would C./D.had解析 the demands后接定語從句，從句中的謂語 是put for ward，是一般過去時態(tài)，所以在put forward前不再用情態(tài)動詞。C626.I feel it is your husband that for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame 解析 考查強調(diào)句型及be to blame某人或某物該 受責備。A637. to sunlight for too much time will