寫作常見句法錯(cuò)誤

1、寫作常見句法錯(cuò)誤一、語法錯(cuò)誤（一）句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤1 一主兩謂There are more and more people like to shop online.There are still many problems should be noted and resolved.2 句子成分缺失If work hard, we will surely be successful.Why generated so large a change? 3 語序錯(cuò)誤Why college students spend more and more time on the computer?I often w

2、onder where have they got their money.4 簡單句疊置I like swimming very much, I go to swim almost every week.5 從句疊置As is known to all that computers play an important role in many fields of our life.6 主從句分離Some people support euthanasia. Because it helps the terminally ill die with dignity.（二）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤Wise

3、man seeks opportunities rather than wait for them.（三）動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤1謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤1) Many people thought that the Internet will be more useful in the future. 2) Other people are disagree with this view.2謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤A wise man seek opportunities rather than wait for them.3謂語動(dòng)詞連用錯(cuò)誤They throw their rubbish away carelessl

4、y, seriously pollute the environment.4謂語動(dòng)詞語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤I have excited several days at the news that you will come here.Most of the students satisfy with the service in the dining hall.5非謂語動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤Let me to take my own experience as an example.Do exercise in the morning is good for ones health.Having studied in t

5、his college for 3 years, the campus has changed a lot.（四）代詞錯(cuò)誤We can use computers in doing everything you like.A college student should be able to do their washing on their own.Someone are afraid that computer may control men in the future. Another people think differently. （五）冠詞錯(cuò)誤First of all, sett

6、ing off the firecrackers leads to severe pollution.The horse is an useful animal.二、表達(dá)習(xí)慣錯(cuò)誤Now 2000 Yuan can buy a nice computer. A room usually lives 6-8 students. I think this great change has three reasons.The prices of the food are too expensive.The reason for this phenomenon is because some peopl

7、e want to earn plenty of money without working hard.三、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)及大小寫錯(cuò)誤My favorite sports are swimming、jogging、mountaineering and playing table tennis.The best English film in my eyes isForrest Gump.nowadays, there are many parents who send their children to Art Classes.參考答案及解析一、語法錯(cuò)誤：（一）句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤1一主兩謂改法一：Ther

8、e are more and more people liking to shop online. 改法二：More and more people like to shop online. 改法三：There are more and more people who like to shop online.改法一： Many problems still should be noted and resolved.改法二：There are still many problems that should be noted and resolved. （解析：一個(gè)簡單句只能有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。其中可

9、以有兩個(gè)或以上并列謂語，但不可以在主語前后各有一個(gè)謂語。）2句子成分缺失1) 改法一：If we work hard, we will surely be successful. 改法二：Working hard, we will surely be successful. （解析：英語句子必須有HYPERLINK 2012.12習(xí)作/IMG_3520.jpg主語和HYPERLINK 2012.12習(xí)作/IMG_3872.jpg謂語）2) 改法一：What generated so great a change?改法二：Why did there so great a change occur

10、?（解析：英語的generate是及物動(dòng)詞，表示“使產(chǎn)生”、“造成”等意，在原句中so large a change 是作generated 的賓語，Why是疑問副詞作狀語，這樣就造成了句子沒有主語的情況，嚴(yán)重違反英語語法規(guī)則。）3 語序錯(cuò)誤Why do college students spend more and more time on the computer?（解析：特殊疑問句通常用倒裝語序：“特殊疑問詞 + 助動(dòng)詞+主語和其他部分”，除非特殊疑問詞在句中作主語或修飾主語。)I often wonder where they have got their money.（解析：間接引語

11、或從句用陳述語序。)4 簡單句疊置 改法一：I like swimming very much, so/and I go to swim almost every week. 改法二：Because I like swimming very much, I go to swim almost every week.改法三：I like swimming very much. I go to swim almost every week.（解析：兩個(gè)簡單句不可以僅僅用逗號(hào)連接; 如為并列關(guān)系，須用并列連詞，如and, or, but, so, for, while等；如為主從關(guān)系，須在從句之前加

12、從屬連詞，如since，because，if等；否則，兩句要用句號(hào)、分號(hào)、問號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)隔開。）5 從句疊置 改法一：As is known to all, computers play an important role in many fields of our life.改法二：It is known to all that computers play an important role in many fields of our life.（解析：一個(gè)大句里面的兩個(gè)小句只可能是并列的分句，或主句和從句，不可能都是從句，因此不得同時(shí)使用兩個(gè)連詞。 ）6 主從句分離Some people

13、support euthanasia, because it helps the terminally ill die with dignity.（解析： Because一詞只有在引導(dǎo)由Why引起的疑問句時(shí)才單獨(dú)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)簡單句，否則就只是做從屬連詞連接主句和從句，而英語從句與主句不可分離。）（二）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤改法一：A wise man seeks opportunities rather than wait for them. 改法二：Wise men seek opportunities rather than wait for them.（解析：單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞通常不單獨(dú)使用，要加上限定詞

14、，如冠詞、代詞，或用復(fù)數(shù)形式。在某些固定詞組中例外，如go to church, go to college, put sb. into prison）（三）動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤1謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤1) Many people think that the Internet will be more useful in the future. （解析：寫作中多用HYPERLINK 2012.12習(xí)作/IMG_3418.jpg一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，尤其在發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)時(shí)。用HYPERLINK 2012.12習(xí)作/IMG_3523.jpg一般HYPERLINK 2012.12習(xí)作/IMG_3535.jpg過去時(shí)通常明確指過去發(fā)

15、生的事情，一般有過去時(shí)間詞，如描述圖表中具體年份的數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)。)2) Other people disagree with this view.（解析： HYPERLINK 2012.12習(xí)作/IMG_3418.jpg一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的謂語形式為動(dòng)詞原形或第三人稱單數(shù)形式。)2謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤改法一：A wise man seeks opportunities rather than wait for them.改法二： Wise men seek opportunities rather than wait for them.（解析：在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)中，如果主語是第三

16、人稱單數(shù)，謂語要用單數(shù)形式。)3謂語動(dòng)詞連用錯(cuò)誤改法一：They throw their rubbish away carelessly, seriously polluting the environment. 改法二：They throw their rubbish away carelessly and seriously pollute the environment. 改法三：They throw their rubbish away carelessly, which seriously pollutes the environment. （解析：兩個(gè)及以上謂語動(dòng)詞不可簡單并列或僅

17、用逗號(hào)連接，應(yīng)加連接詞，或其中一部分變?yōu)榉侵^語形式或另一個(gè)句子。）4謂語動(dòng)詞語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤I have been excited for several days at the news that you will come here.Most of the students are satisfied with the service in the dining hall.（解析：英語很多詞表示“使某人”，在應(yīng)用中往往用HYPERLINK 2012.12習(xí)作IMG_3392.jpg被動(dòng)形式，表示“（人）感到”，尤其是表示心理狀態(tài)的詞，如excite，satisfy, annoy, surprise

18、, frighten, worry, concern等，還有addict, accustom, confront等。） 5非謂語動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤Let me take my own experience as an example. （解析：使役動(dòng)詞make, let, have后接賓語再加不定式作補(bǔ)語時(shí)，不定式不帶to ）Doing exercise in the morning is good for ones health. （解析：動(dòng)詞原形不可以作主語，須改為非謂語形式，即動(dòng)名詞或不定式。不定式往往表示特定的或尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，而動(dòng)名詞表示一般的、經(jīng)常存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。）改法一：Having s

19、tudied in this college for 3 years, I find the campus has changed a lot. 改法二： I have studied in this college for 3 years, during which the campus has changed a lot. （解析：分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語要與句子主語一致。 ）（四）代詞錯(cuò)誤We can do everything we like on computer.A college student should be able to do his washing on his own

20、.（解析：同一句中，代詞與所替代的名詞以及代詞與代詞之間在人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)兩方面都要HYPERLINK 2012.12習(xí)作/IMG_3519.jpg一致。）Some people are afraid that computers may control men in the future.（解析：someone表示“某個(gè)人”，而不是“某些人”。)Other people think differently. （解析：another表示“另一個(gè)”，而不是“另一些”。)（五）冠詞錯(cuò)誤First of all, setting off firecrackers leads to severe poll

21、ution.（解析：通常來說，對(duì)于不可數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞而言，只有在特指某個(gè)范圍的人或事物時(shí)才加the，否則就不用）The horse is a useful animal. （解析：單詞開頭的字母發(fā)【ju：】音時(shí)，前面的冠詞不用an，發(fā)【】音時(shí)才用，如an umbrella。）二、表達(dá)習(xí)慣錯(cuò)誤: 改法一：Now 2000 Yuan is enough to buy a nice computer. 改法二：Now you can buy a nice computer with 2000 Yuan. （解析：原句意為“現(xiàn)在兩千塊錢就可以買一臺(tái)很好的電腦”，其實(shí)是漢語的無主句，“買”的真正主

22、語是“人們”或“你”，在漢語中被省略了； 而“兩千塊錢”其實(shí)是指“（用）兩千塊錢”，是作方式狀語的。英語句子比較講究邏輯和語法，不能用“（用）三千塊錢”作主語，又不能沒有主語，所以改動(dòng)如答案。）改法一：A room usually accommodates 6-8 students.改法二：Usually 6-8 students live in one room. （解析：原句意為“一個(gè)房間通常住六到八個(gè)學(xué)生”，是以一種有漢語特色的省略或倒裝說法，其真正含義是“一個(gè)房間通常容納六到八個(gè)學(xué)生”，或“通常六到八個(gè)學(xué)生住一個(gè)房間”?！叭菁{（accommodate）”的主語可以是a room; 但“

23、?。╨ive）”這一行為的發(fā)出者是“students”，所以要按英語習(xí)慣改動(dòng)如答案。）I think there are three reasons for this great change.（解析：have表示“有”是體現(xiàn)“所有關(guān)系”的，如 I have a car; the car has four wheels?！败嚒笔菍儆凇拔摇钡?，“輪子”是屬于“車”的。 但reasons并不屬于change，因?yàn)閏hange既不是reasons的所有者，也不是作為一個(gè)整體包含reasons。所以改為表示“存現(xiàn)關(guān)系”的there be結(jié)構(gòu)。）改法一：The prices of the food ar

24、e too high. 改法二：The food is too expensive. （解析：漢語經(jīng)常說“某物價(jià)格太貴/便宜”，是因?yàn)闈h語是意合語言，經(jīng)常用重復(fù)的手段來確保表意清楚，其實(shí)價(jià)格不過是個(gè)數(shù)字，只有高低，沒有貴賤。同樣道理，不能說Shanghai has many population，而應(yīng)說Shanghai has a large population。因?yàn)閜opulation（人口）只是個(gè)數(shù)字，不能再用“多”、“少”來修飾，應(yīng)用“大”或“小”。）改法一：The reason for this phenomenon is that some people want to earn

25、plenty of money without working hard.改法二： This phenomenon exists because some people want to earn plenty of money without working hard.（解析：漢語是意合語言，經(jīng)常用重復(fù)的手段來確保表意清楚，尤其是現(xiàn)代漢語，經(jīng)常說“雖然但是”、“因?yàn)樗浴?、“通過使（如“通過這次活動(dòng)使我們?cè)鰪?qiáng)了凝聚力）”，但是在英語里面用這些結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)中的一個(gè)詞就夠了。如果上述說法在漢語里還是可以接受的，那么該題原句對(duì)應(yīng)的中文“這件事情的原因是因?yàn)椤痹跐h語里都是不通或者冗贅的。）三、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)以及大小寫錯(cuò)誤My favorite sports are swimming, jogging, mountaineering and playing table tennis.（解析：原句屬于“標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)錯(cuò)誤”。英語中沒有頓號(hào)，表示三者或三