最經(jīng)典定語從句解

1、關(guān)于最經(jīng)典的定語從句解第一張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 定語從句高考考點(diǎn)例析The best way you can get The Attributive Clause第二張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Complex sentence 復(fù)合句：由連詞連接兩個(gè)或多個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，其中一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是句子的主要部分（主句），另一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)只在句子中作某個(gè)成分（如主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語）。復(fù)合句 =主句+定語從句一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是句子的主要部分（主句）另一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)只在句子中作某個(gè)成分（定語）The students (who do no

2、t study hard )will not pass the exam.主句主語從句主語從句謂語結(jié)構(gòu)主句謂語結(jié)構(gòu)第三張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月在句子中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的從句。這種從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，并作句子成分。 定語從句還叫做嵌入句，因形容詞定語，所以又稱之為形容詞性從句。Attributive clause:定語從句的位置：通常在先行詞（在主句中）后。定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞指人指物who(主語、賓語)，whom(賓語)，that(主語、賓語), whose(定語)that(主語、賓語),which(主語、賓語)whose(定語)where (地點(diǎn)

3、狀語)when (時(shí)間狀語)why (原因狀語)第四張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Attributive clause:限制性定語從句 restrictive非限制性定語從句non-restrictive是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關(guān)系十分密切， 寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開。和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對先行詞作些附加說明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句， 寫時(shí)往往逗號(hào)分開。I was the only person who was invited.in my officeJenny, with whom I played t

4、able tennisyesterday, lives in my next room.The man who came here yesterday has come again.That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter teaches English at a middle school. 注意：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞不可用that，指人時(shí)用who(主語),whom(賓語)，指物時(shí)須用which.第五張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月考點(diǎn)一:如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞1、找出定語從句中是否主語和賓語都齊全。如齊全用關(guān)系副詞。 用什么關(guān)系副詞看先

5、行詞。I will never forget the days (_ I stayed with you).when_Jurassic Park is about a park _ (a very rich man keeps differentKinds of dinosaurs)._where1958 was the year _ (Spielberg made his first real film)._Please give me the reason _ (you made such a great success)._whenwhyMorning is the best time

6、_ (you practise reading aloud)._whenDo you remember the lake _ (you first met your girlfriend.）_where第六張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2、如定語從句中缺賓語，確定定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是不是及物 動(dòng)詞，如是，用關(guān)系代詞，如不是，用關(guān)系副詞?？键c(diǎn)一:如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞 Yesterday we went to visit the house _ (the great writer used to live)._wherein whichThe house _ (they b

7、uilt in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake.which that /_Luckily none of the people _ ( I know) were killed in the earthquake. whowhom that /_My father was born in the year _(the Second World War broke out)._in whichwhen第七張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3、如定語從句中謂語結(jié)構(gòu)是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，有主語，則用關(guān)系副詞。Kunming is a beautiful place _

8、 ( flowers are seen all the year round).whereOctober 1st is the day _ ( new China was founded).whenThe window ( _ was opened this morning) has been broken.Which thatThe meeting ( _ will be held next week) is very important.Which that考點(diǎn)一:如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞第八張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月考點(diǎn)二：that和which的選擇 (1) th

9、at指物時(shí)一般可以與which互換，但在下列情況引導(dǎo)詞只用that，不用which。 當(dāng)先行詞為all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代詞時(shí)，如： a. All that can be done has been done. b. I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. c. There is little (that) the enemy can do besides surrender. 先行詞被all, every, n

10、o, some, any, little, much修飾時(shí)： Ive read all the books (that) you gave me.第九張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月考點(diǎn)二：that和which的選擇先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.This is the first composition (that) he has written in English.先行詞被the only, the very, the last 修飾時(shí)。That white flower is the o

11、nly one (that) I really like.This is the very book (that) I want to find. 當(dāng)有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時(shí)，這個(gè)定語從句要用that而不用who (whom)和which引導(dǎo)。如：He talked about the teachers and schools （that） he had visited.第十張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月先行詞是疑問詞who, which, what 時(shí)，定語從句用that而不用who, (whom)和which引導(dǎo)?？键c(diǎn)二：that和which的選擇Who is

12、the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?What that is on the table belongs to me? 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時(shí)： Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. China is no longer the country that it used to be. 第十一張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Which可以引導(dǎo)非限定性

13、定語從句，可用于介詞后，其先行詞可是一個(gè)詞,也可是整個(gè)主句或主句的某一部分。 1 She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it 考點(diǎn)二：that和which的選擇（2）只用which的情況 B B 第十二張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月考點(diǎn)三

14、：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句對這兩個(gè)詞作如下歸納： 1、如果定語放主句后，即引用as也可以用which. He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural. She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is. Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said before. 2、如果從句在主句前，這時(shí)要用as而不用which引導(dǎo) 定語從句。如： As we all know, his parents were killed in the war.

15、As we all know, the earth is round.第十三張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.用于the sameas,suchas，asas, soas中，一般用as。e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting.This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.4.as代表前面主句意思時(shí)，有“正如”之意，而which沒有此意思，從句中的動(dòng)詞常是expect, know, see, think, want, suppose等。 He won the match, as we

16、had expected. He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected. The police were looking for him, as he thought.考點(diǎn)三：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.第十四張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5. as在從句中作主語時(shí)，后面常接行為動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如be known，be said，be reported等，如從句中行為動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)語態(tài)，一般要用which作主語。e.g. She has been late

17、 again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.6.如果從句的內(nèi)容對主句內(nèi)容起著消極作用，或者說導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，則用which.a. He cheated his friend of mach money, which was very disgraceful.b. He came back late, which made his mother worried.考點(diǎn)三：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句第十五張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月考點(diǎn)四：關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定如何選定介詞:1.根據(jù)從

18、句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系，請?bào)w會(huì)：e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?2. 根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配，如：e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.3. 根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣，請?bào)w會(huì)：e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.第十六張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4.非限制性定與從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時(shí)，可用“

19、數(shù)詞/代詞 + of + 關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，如：e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.5. Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ of +關(guān)系代詞”型，如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open

20、to the south.考點(diǎn)四：關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定第十七張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月關(guān)系副詞when, where, why可以用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which來替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which 介詞的位置非常靈活，有時(shí)放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時(shí)放在動(dòng)詞之后。eg. 1. I wont forget the date when( on which) I was born. 2. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room

21、 which I lived in. 3. I dont know the reason why (for which) he havent come today. 4. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. 考點(diǎn)四：關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定第十八張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月思考？是否所有的介詞+關(guān)系代詞都能用關(guān)系副詞代替?The painting (_ I looked) was painted by me.at whichThe book (_ I heard) was writte

22、n twenty years ago.about whichThe pen (_ she wrote that book) can now be seen ina museum.with whichKunming is a beautiful place _ ( flowers are seen all the year round).where/in whichI will never forgot the day _ I first met you on the ship.on which/whenduring whichThe film (_I fell asleep) was very

23、 boring.結(jié)論：只有當(dāng)介詞+關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語、時(shí)間狀語或原因狀語時(shí)，才能用關(guān)系副詞代替。第十九張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Correct the sentences:1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.2. Is that factory which your father once worked in?3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.4. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.(去掉)the one_to_w

24、hich5. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us._that第二十張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.6. The student whos book I had borrowed didnt come to school today.7. Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory.8. It is the one o

25、f the best films which have been shown recently.9.The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou10.Which is known to all, many satellite are going around in the sky._as_Whosethat_that_that_As第二十一張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月練習(xí)題1、All_ is useful to us is good.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC第二十二張，PPT共四十

26、二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2、Is this factory _ we visited last week.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、the oneD第二十三張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC第二十四張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4、This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD第二十五張，P

27、PT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5、This is the very factory_we visited last year.A、thatB、whichC、whatD、the oneA第二十六張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6、The text is one of the most interesting stories_learnt in the past three days.A、that haveB、that have beenC、which hasD、which has beenB第二十七張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月7、The college wont t

28、ake anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、whoB、whoseC、of whomD、whichB第二十八張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月8、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA第二十九張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月9、The man _ you are talking is in the next room.A、to whomB、about whomC、about whoD、whomB第三十張，PPT共

29、四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月10、This is the last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.A、that; itB、which; whomC、that; whichD、which; thatC第三十一張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月11、Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.A、whoB、who wantC、what wantsD、wantB第三十二張，PPT共四十二頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月12、I，_ you good friend, will try my best to help you out.