現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的語(yǔ)法講解及習(xí)題課件

1、GrammarThe Present Perfect with already, yet.1. Have you watered the plants yet? Yes, I have already watered them.2. Have you finished your homework yet? Yes, I have already finished it.3. Have you found your bike yet? Yes, I have already found it.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由“助動(dòng)詞have / has + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞要和主語(yǔ)的

2、人稱(chēng)、數(shù)保持一致。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法:(1) 表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常使用just, already, yet等時(shí)間副詞。Have you had lunch yet? 你吃了午飯嗎？ Yes, Ive just had it. 是的,我剛剛吃過(guò)。(現(xiàn)在我不餓了)(2) 表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛停止,也可能仍然在進(jìn)行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。He has taught here since 1981.他自1981年就在這兒教書(shū)。(可能還要繼續(xù)教) I havent seen her for fo

3、ur years.我有四年沒(méi)見(jiàn)到她了。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): (1) 用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中, yet一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。We have already finished our homework.我們已完成家庭作業(yè)了。 They havent finished their homework yet.他們還沒(méi)有完成家庭作業(yè)。(2) 用ever和never。多用于否定或疑問(wèn)句中,表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未”等。 Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎？ No, I have never been to

4、the Great Wall. 不,我從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。 (3) 用表示到說(shuō)話(huà)為止的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如just, before, up to now等。I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前見(jiàn)過(guò)她,但記不起在哪里見(jiàn)過(guò)。(4) 與since或for表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。since后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過(guò)去時(shí)的句子；for后接時(shí)間段。I havent seen him for two years. 我已經(jīng)兩年沒(méi)見(jiàn)到他了。She has taught us since last year.自從

5、去年起她就教我們了。I have skated since I was four years old.從我四歲時(shí)我就開(kāi)始滑冰了。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)詞義可分為兩種，一種是延續(xù)性的，一種是終止性的。終止性動(dòng)詞也可稱(chēng)為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞、瞬間動(dòng)詞或點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，如: become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, die, finish, get to know, go, join, marry, start, stop等。終止性動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作的發(fā)生與結(jié)束于一瞬間完成,不能再延續(xù), 所以它的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,即不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),

6、如for + 時(shí)間段、 since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句連用,也不能用在how long引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。若保留for + 時(shí)間段, since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句, 或用在 how long句型中, 則需將終止性動(dòng)詞改為相應(yīng)的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。以下是常用的瞬間性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換對(duì)應(yīng)表: come be here buy have borrow keep leave be away die be dead stop be over begin / start be on 單項(xiàng)選擇。( )1. Have you taken out the trash, Belly? _. Ill do it

7、right away. A. Sorry, I have B. No, I didnt C. No, I dont D. Not yet( )2. Have you _ visited Shanghai? No, _. A. ever; not B. never; not C. ever; never D. never; everDC( )3. Could you go to the park with me this afternoon? Sorry, I _ there. I went there yesterday. A. have gone B. have been C. went D

8、. was ( )4. Have you washed your clothes _? No, I havent. But I have cleaned the room _. A. ago; already B. yet; yet C. before; yet D. yet; alreadyBD( )5. I am a soldier. I _ the army _ about five years. A. have joined; since B. have joined; for C. have been in; for D. have been in; since C1、They ha

9、ve been here since 2000. (對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)) _ _ have they been here? 2、The old man _ last year. (die/dead) He _ _ _for a year. (die/dead) （選詞填空） 3、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義 句轉(zhuǎn)換) This factory _ for twenty years. How long diedhas been open has been dead 4、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) Miss Gao