情態(tài)動(dòng)詞語法

1、 Lesson 40 Unit ReviewModal Verbs 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Modal Verbs(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的詞義，但詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須和行為動(dòng)詞連用，主要是來表示說話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度和看法，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)詞原形，一般沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。初中階段應(yīng)掌握的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有： can/could may/might must need should would have to can, may, must, need, should can: 1) 表能力 2) 表客觀可能性（通常用否定） 3) 表允許（與may 意思相近） may: 1) 表示客氣的請(qǐng)求

2、2) 表示許可 3) 表示一件事或許會(huì)發(fā)生 must: 1) 表必須要做的事 2) 表肯定的猜測 should: 表示勸告、建議（譯成應(yīng)該） need 表示需要 1. can: 1) 表能力 We can speak English well now. 2) 表客觀可能性（通常用否定） The news cant be true. 3) 表允許（與may 意思相近） Can I have a try? could表比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法 Could you please tell me the way to school?*2. may : 1) 表示客氣的請(qǐng)求 - May I co

3、me in? - Come in, please. - May I borrow your pen , please? - Certainly! - May I have a piece of paper? - Of course. 3) 表示一件事或許會(huì)發(fā)生 I may be a sailor(水手) when I grow up. What may happen?2) 表示許可 You may have a rest. 3.must : 1) 表必須要做的事 We must do everything step by step. You mustnt talk loudly in the

4、library. - Must I clean the classroom now? - Yes , you must. / - No , you neednt. 表肯定的猜測 This must be your room. He must be asleep. He cant be awake now. 4.need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑問句。- Need he go so soon?- Yes, he must.- No, he neednt.We neednt hurry.5. should: 表示勸告、建議（譯成應(yīng)該） We should read English

5、 every morning. We should obey(遵守) the traffic rules. We shouldnt stay up late every day. 使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞需要注意的問題： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,不能單獨(dú)作謂語,需與后面的動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。2. can 提問的句子，肯定回答用can，否定回答用cant。3. 用 may 提問的肯定回答一般用sure, certainly, of course, Yes, please, 避免用may。 否定回答一般用mustnt , cant , 也可以用may not. - May I smoke here?

6、 -No, you mustnt. *4.回答must引出的問句時(shí),肯定回答用must，否定回答一 般不用mustnt,而要用neednt或dont have to。如: - Must we hand in our exercise books today? - No, you dont have to.(No, you neednt.)6.作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，need一般不能用于肯定句中，僅用于 否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句中。 You neednt come so early. - Need I finish the work today? - Yes,you must. / No, you n

7、eednt.5. 回答need引出的問句時(shí)，肯定回答用must，否定回 答用neednt。7. 表示能夠意義的can與be able to的區(qū)別。在表示能力時(shí),can與be able to的意義差不多,有時(shí)兩者可換用,但表示經(jīng)過努力、設(shè)法做成某事時(shí),要用be able to,不可用can。 be able to 有人稱和更多時(shí)態(tài)的變化。 如: Youll be able to read it before long(不就以后).Will you be able to come tonight? = Can you come tonight?8.表示“不能”意義的cant與mustnt的區(qū)別。如

8、：cant表 示“不能”,意指沒有能力;mustnt表示“不能”，意指“禁 止；不允許”。 The baby is asleep. You mustnt make any noise. The boy is so tired that he cant go any further.9.表示“必須”的must與have to的區(qū)別。must表示說話人 的主觀看法；而have to則表示客觀需要。mustnt意為“ 不可以;不允許；dont have to意為不必。如: My father had to work when he was ten years old. The play is not

9、 interesting. I really must go now.11.在回答一般疑問句could引導(dǎo)的表示請(qǐng)求的時(shí)，不能用 could回答，而要用can。如： - Could you tell me how to get to the hospital? - Of course,I can.12.“may you+動(dòng)詞原形”放在句首，意為“祝愿；但愿”。 May you succeed! 祝你成功！ May you be happy every single day. 祝你天天快樂。10. must 表示猜測比may表示的要肯定得多，而且只有在 肯定句中能這樣用。表否定的猜測則用cant

10、 。Can ?May .?Must ?Need ? cancantmay/cancertainly/sure/of course/Yes, please.cant mustnt may notmust needntdont have tomust neednt 特別強(qiáng)調(diào)：用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空：I _ go almost anywhere on foot. At first, only rich people _ buy cars. - Can you ride a bike ? No, I _.- _ I go home now? - No, you _ stay here. - _ I do

11、 the exercises today? - No, you _. You _ do them tomorrow. 6. The red light is on. We _ stop. 7. You _ learn to drive. It will be very useful. 8. My eyes are not very good. I _ to wear glasses.9. I _ like to see hoverboards. 10. _ you tell me the way to the post office? cancould cant Can/May must Mu

12、st neednt can/may must should have to would Can/Could Correct the mistakes:- Must I finish my homework today? - No, you mustnt .2. - Need I go home now? - Yes, you need. 3. This book mustnt be mine because my book is at home. _must _cant neednt Multiple choice：Im sorry I _ finish my homework on time

13、. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. mayWhen the lights are red, the traffic _ stop. then you _ cross. A. mustcan B. have to must C. cancan D. shouldshouldYou _ return the dictionary now. You _keep it until next week. A. cantcan B. mayshould C. needntmay D. may mustYoud better go and ask the policeman.

14、He _ know how to get to the shop. A. can B. may C. would D. needAACB5. - Must we finish our homework now? - No, you _. A. must B. neednt C. cant D. may not6. You made so many spelling mistakes. You _ be more careful next time. A. have to B. should C. can D. may7. -Must I turn off the light now? -Yes, you_. A. need B.should C. must D. may8. You _talk when you are driving. Its dangerous. A. can B. cant C. should D.shouldnt9. He doesnt come to school on time. He _ be ill. A. can B. cant C. must D. mustnt10. Lisa has gone to Beijing. The young lady over there _ be her. A. can