《外刊經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)選讀》復(fù)習(xí)(自考)

1、外刊經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)選讀 第一章一、術(shù)語.制成品manufactured goods.資本貨物capital goods.國際收支balance of payments.經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目current account.有形貿(mào)易項(xiàng)目 visible trade account.無形貿(mào)易項(xiàng)目 invisible trade account.貿(mào)易順差trade surplus.貿(mào)易逆差trade deficit.易貨貿(mào)易barter.補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易compensation trade.反向貿(mào)易counter-trade. 組裝生產(chǎn) assembly manufacturing. 工商統(tǒng)一稅industrial and c

2、ommercial consolidated tax.合資企業(yè)joint venture.延期付款deferred payment.買方信貸buyer credit.賣方信貸supplier credit. 軟貸款 (低息貸款 ) soft loan. 最惠國待遇MFN treatment (Most Favored nation treatment)永久性正常貿(mào)易關(guān)系 PNTR(Permanent Normal Trading Relations)國民收入 NI(National Income)國民生產(chǎn)總值GNP(Gross National Product)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDP(Gross

3、Domestic Product)國際復(fù)興和開發(fā)銀行IBRD(International Bank for Reconstruction and Development)國際開發(fā)協(xié)會(huì)IDA(International Development Association)國際金融公司IFC(International Finance Corporation)經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和發(fā)展組織OECD(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)國際清算銀行BIS(Bank for International Settlement)歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體EEC(

4、European Economic Community)歐洲聯(lián)盟 EU(European Union)外商直接投資FDI(Foreign Direct Investment)The special Economic Zone 經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)a well-placed source 一位高層消息靈通人士infrastructure 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施capital stock 實(shí)際資本consumer goods 消費(fèi)品preferential tax rate 優(yōu)惠稅率cooperative enterprise 合作 (經(jīng)營 )企業(yè)ETDZ ( Economic &Technical Development

5、 Zone ) 經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)entrepreneurship 企業(yè)家精神means of production 生產(chǎn)資料stock-taking 評估Allocation of resources 資源配置macro regulation and control宏觀調(diào)控. fiscal policies 財(cái)政政策. 15.tight monetary policy 緊縮的貨幣政策. 16.working capital 運(yùn)營資本. 17.basic policy 基本國策. 18.technical transformation 技術(shù)革新.二、詞語釋義：substantially ： dra

6、matically ， significantly ， considerably 顯著地，相當(dāng)大地subsequently ： afterwards 隨后，后來exacerbate ： deteriorate ， worsen ； aggravate ； make worse 惡化withdraw ： cancellation 撤回，撤銷theme ： principle 主題，原則in return for ： in exchange fordisrupt ： interrupt 中斷，打斷destined ： designed 注定的，目的是，有計(jì)劃的pronounced ： marked

7、 宣布，宣稱in the wake of : following ； after with 在之后undue ： too much ； unbearable 過度的，過分的reverse ： change to the opposite 反轉(zhuǎn)，顛倒，反向，相反buoyant ： brisk 活躍的outcome ： result 結(jié)果boost ： stimulate ； promote ； develop 促進(jìn)，提高，刺激recover ： rebound 恢復(fù)facilitate ： make easy 促進(jìn)；使容易；幫助；使便利run-down ： reduction 減少，降低moun

8、t exhibitions ： hold exhibitions 舉辦展覽insofar as : to the extent 在范圍內(nèi)bottlenecks ： obstacles 障礙三、句子翻譯During the 1950s China exported agricultural products to the USSR and East European countries in return for manufactured goods and the capital equipment required for the country,s industrialization pr

9、ogramme which plac ed emphasis on the development of heavy industry.20 世紀(jì) 50 年代，中國向前蘇聯(lián)和東歐各國出口農(nóng)產(chǎn)品以換取制成品和國家的工業(yè)化計(jì)劃所要求的資本設(shè)備，而國 家的工業(yè)化計(jì)劃則強(qiáng)調(diào)重工業(yè)的發(fā)展。The growth of foreign trade was distrupted again during the Cultural Revolution when agricultural and industri al production fell sharply and transportationcons

10、traints became more serious.在文化大革命期間，外貿(mào)的增長又一次被打斷了。當(dāng)時(shí)農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)生產(chǎn)急劇下降，運(yùn)輸管制變的更嚴(yán)重。Exports grew much faster than imports during this period not only because of the strong emphasis placed on exporting by China,s economic planners ， but also because a number of industrial projects were postponed in 1 979. Offi

11、cial recognition that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese economy has caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1978， placing unduestrain on the national economy.在這個(gè)時(shí)期，出口增長要快于進(jìn)口增長不僅是由于中國經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃者著重強(qiáng)調(diào)出口，也是因?yàn)榇蠖喙I(yè)項(xiàng)目在 1979 年被推遲了。 官方承認(rèn)外國技術(shù)能夠在中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)代化化中起重大作用， 這導(dǎo)致了 19

12、78 年中國的進(jìn)口增加了 50% 以上，從而給國民經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了重壓。Chinese official stress the importance of introducing advanced technology to domestic industry， but the needis for technology of varying degrees of sophistication ，not necessarily for advanced technology as that term is understood in the West. 中國官員強(qiáng)調(diào)為國內(nèi)工業(yè)引進(jìn)先 進(jìn)技術(shù)的重要性，

13、但是需要的是各種程度不同的精尖技術(shù)，而不是像西方國家理解的先進(jìn)技術(shù)。There are no official statistics covering the invisible account of the balance of paymens，but the size of the visible trade surplus during 1981-1983 and a pronounced increase in earnings from tourism s uggest that the current account has been in surplus over the pas

14、t few years.沒有官方的統(tǒng)計(jì)資料涉及無形貿(mào)易收支， 但在 1981-1983 年期間的有形貿(mào)易順差的大小和旅游贏利的顯著增長表明了經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目在過去幾年里有盈余。Goods are produced according to a sample provided by the customer while strong encouragement is given to compensation trade whereby a foreign seller supplies raw materials and equipment and receives manufactured good

15、s ， produced by the equipment provided ， in return .Compensation trade differs from barter or counter-trade insofar as there is a direct link between the eq uipment supplied from abroad and the manufactured product. Assembly manufacturing began in 1978 and partic ular forms of foreign trade are elig

16、ible for exemption from customs duties and taxation.根據(jù)顧客提供的樣品來生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，同時(shí)強(qiáng)烈鼓勵(lì)補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易。由此國外的供應(yīng)商提供原材料和設(shè)備并收到由其提供的設(shè)備生產(chǎn)出來的制成品作為回報(bào)。補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易在某種程度上不同于易貨貿(mào)易和反向貿(mào)易，在國外提供的設(shè)備和制成品中有直接的聯(lián)系。來件組裝始于1978 年，特殊的對外貿(mào)易形式有資格免除關(guān)稅和其他稅收。The debt problems confronting a number of developing countries have reinforcedChina,s determination to in

17、troduce foreign technology by means of direct investment and concessionary finance rather than by raising substa ntial sums of money on the international capital markets. The authorities do not consider it appropriate to incur la rge amounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks i

18、n the economy， such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints ， have been tackled.許多發(fā)展中國家面對的債務(wù)問題使中國在引進(jìn)外國技術(shù)時(shí)下了這樣的決心：采用直接投資和優(yōu)惠付款方式融資，而不是在國際資本市場籌集大額的資金。在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的許多實(shí)際瓶頸，如運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的不足和能源缺乏被克服以前，官方認(rèn)為招來大筆外債的做法是不妥當(dāng)?shù)?。第二章一、術(shù)語：二、詞語釋義：n piecemeal ?pi:smi:l form ： piece by piece ； gradually ?gr?d? u?li 逐漸

19、的2.showpiece ?pi:s ： a prime or outstanding example 典范.pipedream ： fantasy ； daydream ； dream that cannot be realized 白日夢.from scratch ： from the very beginning 從零開始，從最初開始.grassroots ： basic level 基層.the dust settles ： the confusion k ?n?fju:? n ends 塵埃落定 7.in the driver,s seat ： in the dominant ?d?

20、m ?n ?nt position三、句子翻譯：.A clearly confident China has rolled up a large section of its bamboo curtain， declared itself“opento the outside world ” and hung signs on nearly all its cities inviting foreign investors to come and do serious business.明顯地，滿懷信心的中國卷起了大部分的竹幕，并宣布向外部世界開放，打出邀請外國投資者來它所有的城市投資項(xiàng)目的招

21、牌。.The literally ， this does not make more sense as the parts of the coast which have not been“ opened ”are simply not ready for the demands of foreign businessman.從字面上來理解，這沒有太大的意義，由于部分沿海城市還沒有為外商的需求做好準(zhǔn)備。3.In the SEZs ， which are being built almost from scratch ， foreigners can invest in anything whi

22、ch the state de ems useful for the country ， be it ， for example ， production of goods for export or construction of private-housi ng estates.在一切幾乎從零開始的經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)，只要中國政府認(rèn)為對國家有益，外國人可對任何項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行投資，例如出口貨物的生產(chǎn)或私人住宅的房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)。4.So ， while comprehensive framework for the country “s modernization has been provided by the

23、 central commi ttee ”s 21 October 1984 decision to reform the economic structure ， it will be some time before the dust settles a nd local authorities and foreigninvestors can deal with one another in a systematic way.因此，雖然中央委員會(huì) 1984 年 10 月 21 日的改革經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的決定為該國的現(xiàn)代化提供了一個(gè)綜合的框架，但要等塵埃落定、要等地方政府與外國投資者能有條不紊的打

24、交道卻還需要一段時(shí)間。5.Stock-taking of the open policy will come later this year when the NationalPeople,s Congress discusses the seventh five-year plan ， which will run to the end of the decade.評估開放政策將在這年遲一些到來，在全國人民代表大會(huì)討論第七個(gè)五年計(jì)劃，到 10 年末將進(jìn)行。第三章一、術(shù)語：.economic heavyweight 舉足輕重的經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國.commercial hub 商業(yè)活動(dòng)中心.Per cap

25、ita 人均.Gross National Product 國民生產(chǎn)總值.punitive import tariff 懲罰性進(jìn)口關(guān)稅.securities 有價(jià)證券.real estate market 房地產(chǎn)市場. “Greater China ” tradebloc “大中華 ”貿(mào)易集團(tuán).conglomerate 跨行業(yè)公司.consortium 國際財(cái)團(tuán).GATT ： General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定二、詞語釋義：1.jockey ?d?ki ： move 駕駛，駕馭，操作2.is bustling ?b?sl ? with ：

26、is filled with.giddy ?g?di ： dizzy ?d?zi ； euphoric ju:f ?r?k 輕浮的，眩暈的，欣快的.farfetched ： improbable ； incredible 牽強(qiáng)的，不可能的，不可思議的.clear ： earn a net profit.deal a hard blow to ： strike heavily.rung ： level 梯級，地位.retaliation ： return of ill treatment for ill treatment ； revenge ； reprisal r ?pra ?zl 報(bào)復(fù).c

27、areer out of control ： run out of control三、句子翻譯：1. A farfetched prediction ？ The new American administration doesnt think. Bill Clinton has appointed China hands to top Asia posts at the state and Treasury departments. When critics called the appointments a slight to Japan ， the leading Pacific econ

28、omic power ， U.S. Deputy Treasury Secre tary Roger Altman explained the administrations reasoning ： by early in the next century ， he said ， China may replace Japan in importance to the U.S. as an economic partner. Japanrecognizes the rise of China. As a warning shot in an intensifying rivalry ， Tok

29、yo last week put punitive import tariffs on Chinese steel.一個(gè)牽強(qiáng)的預(yù)測嗎？新美國行政機(jī)構(gòu)不這樣俯為，克林頓已被委任中國國務(wù)院和財(cái)政部在亞洲的要職，評論家稱這個(gè)委任冷落了日本。最大的太平經(jīng)濟(jì)力量，美國的代表-財(cái)政部長羅格 奧得曼解釋行政機(jī)構(gòu)的理由：他說： “在下個(gè)世紀(jì)初，中國可以會(huì)取代日本作為美國經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴的重要地位?！?日本承認(rèn)中國的崛起，上周日本作為在日益激烈競爭中的一次鳴槍警示給中國的鋼以懲罰性的進(jìn)口關(guān)稅。With the U.S. Congress due to consider the renewal of Chinas mos

30、t-favored nation trade status in June， officials in Beijing fear the trade imbalance could surpass human rights as a source of U.S. opposition to preferred st atus for China. The trade surplus itself will be the NO.1 problem this year. Says one Chinese official. After Jap an ， well be first in line

31、for relation.美國議會(huì)由于考慮在六月延長中國最惠國待遇， 北京的官員擔(dān)心貿(mào)易不平衡可能超越人權(quán)問題而作為反對優(yōu)惠待遇的借口。中國的一位官員說： “貿(mào)易順差將會(huì)成為今年首要問題。 ”繼日本之后，我們會(huì)成為第一個(gè)被報(bào)復(fù)的國家。However ， even as the party promotes growth as a national priority ， it worries about going too far. Inflation h as recently climbed back into double digits ， and the party press is i

32、ssuing strident warnings ， urging restraint o n buyers and sellers alike. Rapid development is overwhelming Chinas antique transport networks.然而，正當(dāng)黨把促進(jìn)增長作為一個(gè)國家優(yōu)先的問題時(shí)，它又擔(dān)心增長的太快。通貨膨脹已在近期又回到了兩位數(shù)，黨政刊物發(fā)出刺耳的警告，力勸買賣方都要克制。第四章一、術(shù)語：.centrally-planned economy 中央計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì).market economy 市場經(jīng)濟(jì).disinflationary (anti-in

33、flationary) policies 反通貨膨脹政策.deflation 通貨緊縮.short-term dollar interest rates 短期美元利率.commodity market 商品市場.nominal (dollar) terms 名義 (美元 )價(jià).constant (dollar) terms 不變 (美元 )價(jià).business cycle 商業(yè)周期.weighted average 加權(quán)平均數(shù).hard currencies 硬通貨.fiscal adjustment 財(cái)政調(diào)整.portfolio investment 有價(jià)證券投資.market divers

34、ification 市場多元化.tight credit policy 緊縮的信貸政策.exchange-rate devaluation 匯率貶值.accommodative monetary policy 融通性貨幣政策.yield curve 收益曲線.per capita GDP 人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值.GATT ： General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定.EMS ： European Monetary System 歐洲貨幣體系.GDP deflator 消除國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值通貨膨脹因素指數(shù)( GDP 平減指數(shù) ).CMEA (Comecon)

35、 ： Council for Mutual Economic Assistance 經(jīng)互會(huì).LIBOR ： London Inter-Bank Offered Rate 倫敦同業(yè)銀行優(yōu)惠利率.per capita income 人均收入.multilateral trade agreements 多邊貿(mào)易協(xié)定.Portfolio investment 證券投資.cyclical deceleration in investment spending 生產(chǎn)總值通貨膨脹因素指數(shù).the population-weighted growth rate 人口加權(quán)增長率二、詞語釋義：n a row ：

36、in succession 接著，連接地.easing i:z ? ： slowing down ； decrease 減輕，降低，放松.momentum m ?ment ?m ： force of movement 動(dòng)力，動(dòng)量.underlying ?nd ?la? ： being at the basis of 基礎(chǔ)的.slackening ?sl?k? n? ： slowing of speed 放慢，走軟，行情疲跌pound ?k?mpa ?nd ： worsen 使嚴(yán)重；復(fù)合物7.moderate ?m?d?r?t inflation ： ease i:z inflation 緩解通

37、貨膨脹8.robust r ?b ?st ： strong and healthy 健壯，精力充沛的9.setbacks setb? ks ： frustrations fr ?stre ?nz 挫折10.slump sl ?mp ： depression d ?pre ?n 暴跌，消沉，萎靡不振11.edge ed ? down ： move slowly down12.depreciation d?pri: ?e?n ： devaluation ?di:?v?lj? e?n 貶值13.spike spa ?k ： abrupt ?br?pt increase 突然升高.pick-up ：

38、recovery 恢復(fù).rein in ： control 放慢，止住，控制.bottoming-out ： reaching the lowest point before rising again ( 止跌回升 ).stagnat e st?g?ne? t ： stop ； almost 停滯，滯留，變蕭條三、句子翻譯：nternational conditions for growth in developing countries deteriorated in 1991. The Seven major industrial countries (the G-7) experienc

39、ed a significant slowdown in GDP growth-from 2.8 percent in 1990 to 1.9 percent during 1991 as recession gripped Canada ， the United Kingdom ， and the United States and growth rates slowed in Continental 5 Europe and Japan. In important respects. The slowdown was different from those that occurreddu

40、ring the 1970s and 1980s. Rather than reflecting the effect of disinflationary policies， weakness in demand wasmore closely related to the loss of momentum that had built up during the long period of expansion that began in 1983. In addition ， a common factor underlying the slowdown in many industri

41、al countries was the cyclical deceleration in investment spending.1991 年，在發(fā)展中國家增長惡化的國際情形下，七個(gè)主要工業(yè)國的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)急劇的下滑，從 1990 年的 2.8% 下降到 1991 年的 1.9% ，像加拿大、美國、英國陷入了蕭條，歐洲大陸和日本增長率減緩。這個(gè)減速與發(fā)生在 20 世紀(jì) 70 年代和 80 年代的不同。并不是反通貨膨脹政策的結(jié)果，需求的疲軟大多與發(fā)展勢頭的喪失緊密相關(guān)，這個(gè)勢頭開始于1983 年，在長期擴(kuò)充中已經(jīng)形成。此外，在許多工業(yè)國減速的一個(gè)普遍的根本因素是投資開支的周期性。.A

42、lthough the weakness in demand in the United States led to a sharp decline in short-term dollar interestrates a positive development for many developing countries it also contributed to a drop of over 6 percent in nominal commodity prices and to a slackening ， to 3 percent ， in the growth of world t

43、rade. These trends were compounded by worsening economic conditions in the soviet Union and its successor states， where a growingshortage of foreign exchange led to a compression of import from Eastern Europeand an acceleration of certaincommodity exports to earn hard currencies.盡管美國疲軟的需求導(dǎo)致了短期美元利率急劇

44、地下跌，但對于發(fā)展中國家的發(fā)展是積極的，它也導(dǎo)致了名義產(chǎn)品價(jià)格約 6% 的下跌，世界貿(mào)易增長下跌了 3%. 蘇聯(lián)和它的后繼國經(jīng)濟(jì)情形的惡化加劇了這一趨勢，外匯短缺的增長導(dǎo)致了從東歐進(jìn)口的壓縮，加速了某些產(chǎn)品的出口，獲得了硬通貨。.Financial stress brought on by excessive debt in the household and corporate sectors was an example of another kind of structural problem ， in particular for the economies of Japan and

45、the United States. Financial institutions in these two countries adopted more conservative lending policies ， curtailing financing of higher-risk projects such as commercial construction and highly leveraged corporate transaction. A number of weaker institutions were also consolicated through bankru

46、ptcy ， merger and reorganization.過多債務(wù)的財(cái)政壓力招致了家族和公司部門是另外一種結(jié)構(gòu)問題的例子，尤其是日本和美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)。這兩個(gè)國家在財(cái)政制度上采取了比較保守的借貸政策， 削減了對商業(yè)建筑這類高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的財(cái)政項(xiàng)目和對公司依靠大量借貸進(jìn)行交易的融資。大多數(shù)疲軟的機(jī)構(gòu)也通過破產(chǎn)，合并和重組來聯(lián)合。.The major risk facing this highly trade-oriented region is the potential for sluggishness or disruption in world-trade flows. Economic wea

47、kness in some of the regions traditional export markets has underlined the importance of market diversification ， including a further strengthening of ties within the region. Increasingly buoyant intraregional trade in East Asia may be viewed as evidence of an ongoing process of-orien“temdar”ketregi

48、onal integration ， a development that could partially offset lackluster progress in the area ofmultilateraltrade agreements.這個(gè)高度以貿(mào)易為導(dǎo)向的地區(qū)面對的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要是潛在的世界貿(mào)易流中的蕭條或混亂。 一些地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)出口市場的經(jīng)濟(jì)萎靡已強(qiáng)調(diào)了市場多樣化的重要性。包括進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)地區(qū)內(nèi)的聯(lián)系。 日益活躍的東亞內(nèi)貿(mào)易可被視為一個(gè) “市場導(dǎo) 向 ”地區(qū)一體化的見證，這一點(diǎn)可彌補(bǔ)多邊貿(mào)易協(xié)定領(lǐng)域毫無生氣的進(jìn)展局面。第五章一、術(shù)語：trade representative 貿(mào)易談判代表g

49、overnment procurement 政府采購NAFTA ( North America Free Trade Agreements ) 北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定trade sanctions 貿(mào)易制裁trade hawks 貿(mào)易中主張強(qiáng)硬路線的鷹派人物二、詞語釋義：.tough t ?f ： uncompromising ( 不妥協(xié)的，強(qiáng)硬的 ).discrimination d ?skr ?m ?ne ?n ： unfair treatment 歧視，不公平待遇.sanctions s?k? nz ： penalty ?pen? lti 實(shí)施懲罰，實(shí)施制裁.escalate ?esk?le?

50、t ： develop ； intensify ?n?tens?fa? 逐步升高，加強(qiáng)，加劇 精品文檔.frictions fr ?k ?nz ： conflicts ?k?nflikts 摩擦，沖突，糾紛.procurement pr ?kj ? m ?nt ： purchase 采購.be bullied ?bulid into doing ： be forced to do 恐嚇，威逼.is awake to ： is conscious ?k?n ?s of 意識(shí)到9.amenable ?mi:n ?bl to ： responsive to 應(yīng)服從的，有義務(wù)的，順從的，負(fù)責(zé)的10.a

51、 ragged ?r?g? d start ： a poor start 破爛的11.intolerable ?n?t?l?r?bl ： unbearable 無法忍受的.retaliate r ?t? lie ?t ： revenge r ?vend ? ； reprisal r ?pra ?zl 報(bào)復(fù).impose ?m?p? z ： exert ?g?z?:t ； influence ?nflu ?ns 利用，強(qiáng)加，影響.drawn-out ： prolonged pr ?l ?d and boring 長時(shí)間枯燥乏味.shock ?k ： impact 震動(dòng)，碰撞prompting ?

52、pr? mpt ? ： provoking pr ?v? k? 推動(dòng)，鼓舞，激起tactical ?t?kt? kl ： skillful 策略上的，戰(zhàn)術(shù)上underpinning ?nd ?pini? ： foundation fa ?n?de?n 基礎(chǔ)peeved pi:vd ： annoyed 煩惱的，惱怒的embrace ?m?bre?s ： acceptance 包括，接受三、句子翻譯:.WASHINGTON-The Clinton administration is drawing the first lines of a tougher U.S. policy on trade

53、， signaling to Europe and Japan that it will demand fairer treatment for American exports and is prepared to see relationships with U.S. trading partners get worse before they get better.華盛頓消息：克林頓政府正采取更加強(qiáng)硬的美國貿(mào)易政策，向歐洲和日本發(fā)出信號要求對美國的出口品提供一個(gè)更為公正的待遇，并已做好準(zhǔn)備迎接將在與貿(mào)易伙伴關(guān)系改善之前出現(xiàn)的關(guān)系惡化。.The strongest signal came

54、last week ， when Mickey Kanter ， the U.S. trade representative ， moved quickly to cite the 12- nation European Community for “ intolerable ” discrimination against U.S. companies seeking government contracts within the community. The administration will begin retaliating in six weeks if EC policies

55、remainunchanged.最強(qiáng)的信號來自于上周，美國貿(mào)易代表米奇凱特引用歐共體的話指出，12國歐共體謀求共同體內(nèi)部的政府間合同是對美國公司的 “令人無法忍受的 ”歧視。凱特先生說，如果歐共體一意孤行，美國政府將于六周后開始報(bào)復(fù)。.Administration officials see little risk that this more aggressive policy could escalate into a full-fledged trade warthat would shock the worlds fragile economies. Thus ， the admini

56、stration will not be deterred by complaints that it has moved toprotectionism.對于這種更加大膽的政策會(huì)升級為震動(dòng)世界脆弱經(jīng)濟(jì)的全面貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)爭，政府官員認(rèn)為這種危險(xiǎn)的可能性很小，因此雖有人抱怨美國已趨向 “貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義” ，政府不會(huì)受其阻礙。4.In some ways ， Mr. Clinton and his advisers are following the same well-trod path as the Bush administration which threatened sanctions against the Community last year and walked away from GATT negotiations rather than sign an agreement that would provide only small gains for U.S. companies.從某種程度上，克林