計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)RIP路由配置實(shí)驗(yàn)

1、實(shí)驗(yàn)名稱RIP路由配置實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)日期2018年11月2日實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模?）掌握在路由器上配置RIP的方法；（2）分析RIP路由協(xié)議；（3）調(diào)試RIP路由協(xié) 議實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容配置路由R1,R2,R3各個(gè)接口的路由接口的IP地址，每個(gè)路由器上配置RIP路由 協(xié)議，然后路由與鄰居交換完整的路由表，收到鄰居發(fā)來(lái)的路由表之后，更新自己的 路由表RIP使用UDP協(xié)議，端口號(hào)520,使用組播地址鄰居每30秒發(fā)送自己完整的路 由表。RIP存在壞消息傳播得慢的問題，如下圖所示，當(dāng)R3路由器f0/1端口關(guān)閉之 后，經(jīng)過若于次路由表交換之后，才發(fā)現(xiàn)不可達(dá)。一、實(shí)驗(yàn)原理路由與鄰居交換完整的路由表，收到鄰居發(fā)來(lái)的路由表之后，更新自

2、己的路由表。RIP使用UDP 協(xié)議，端口號(hào)520，使用組播地址鄰居每30秒發(fā)送自己完整的路由表。RIP存在壞消息傳播得慢的 問題，如下圖所示，當(dāng)R3路由器f0/1端口關(guān)閉之后，經(jīng)過若于次路由表交換之后，才發(fā)現(xiàn) 不可達(dá)。RIPv2的報(bào)文格式:Csmnajidfl)Versi-on(l)unused Address JamiJyef (2)R-sutt Tag (2)IP addre ss (4)Subnet mask (T)hfext Hop4,Mrtri g (4)RIP Tsiqxi 2 的報(bào)文裕式其中：.Metric:到下一路由器的權(quán)值。.NextHop:下一驛站，可以對(duì)使用多路由協(xié)議的網(wǎng)

3、絡(luò)環(huán)境下的路由進(jìn)行優(yōu)化.Subnet mask:子網(wǎng)掩碼，應(yīng)用于IP地址產(chǎn)生非主機(jī)部分地址，為0時(shí)表示不包括子網(wǎng)掩碼 部分，使得RIP能夠適應(yīng)更多的環(huán)境。.Ip Address:地址域，包括網(wǎng)絡(luò)類和IP地址在內(nèi)，RIP報(bào)文中對(duì)每一網(wǎng)絡(luò)共有14個(gè)字節(jié)的 地址空間。.RouteTag:外部路由標(biāo)記。它提供一種從外部路由中分離內(nèi)部路由的方法，用于傳播從外部路 由器協(xié)議(EGP)獲得的路由信息。.Address F amily Identifier :指示路由頁(yè)中的地址種類，這里應(yīng)為2.Version:版本號(hào)域包括生成R I P報(bào)文時(shí)所使用的版本。在此為2.Command:命令域指出RIP報(bào)文是一個(gè)請(qǐng)

4、求報(bào)文還是對(duì)請(qǐng)求的應(yīng)答報(bào)文。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟路由器接口的配置R1的路由配置R1#conf tR1(config)#int lo0R1(config-if)#ip address 0 R1(config-if)#int f0/0R1(config-if)#ip address R1(config-if)#no shutR2的路由配置R2#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R2(config)#int lo0R2(config-if)#ip address 0 R2(config-if)#int f0/0

5、R2(config-if)#ip address R2(config-if)#no shutR2(config-if)#int f0/1R2(config-if)#ip address R2(config-if)#no shutR3的路由配置R3#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R3(config)#int lo0R3(config-if)#ipR3(config-if)#ip address 0 R3(config-if)#int f0/1 R3(config-if)#ip address R

6、3(config-if)#no shut查看路由表 R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su -

7、 IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set /24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C is directly connected, Lo

8、opback0R2#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1

9、- IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set /24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C is

10、directly connected, Loopback0R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, s

11、u - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user statirouteo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C is directly connected, Loo

12、pback02.配置 RIPv2R1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.R1(config)#router ripR1(config-router)#ver 2R1(config-router)#network R1(config-router)#network R2#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.R2(config)#router ripR2(config-router)#network R2(config-router)#network R2(config-r

13、outer)#network R3#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.R3(config)#router ripR3(config-router)#network R3(config-router)#network 查看各路由器的路由表End with CNTL/Z.End with CNTL/Z.End with CNTL/Z.R1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP ex

14、ternal, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR

15、, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set/24 is subnetted, 5 subnetsR 120/1 via , 00:00:16, FastEthernet0/0C is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 120/1 via , 00:00:16, FastEthernet0/0C is directly connected, Loopback0R 120/2 via , 00:00:16, FastEthernet0/0R2#show ip

16、route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L

17、2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static routeo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set /24 is subnetted, 5 subnetsC is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1C is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0Cis directlyconnected,Lo

18、opback0R120/1 via,00:00:15,FastEthernet0/0R120/1 via,00:00:24,FastEthernet0/1R3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external

19、 type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set /24 is subnetted, 5 subnetsC is directly co

20、nnected, FastEthernet0/1R 120/1 via , 00:00:25, FastEthernet0/1R120/1 via,00:00:25,FastEthernet0/1R120/2 via,00:00:25,FastEthernet0/1Cis directlyconnected,Loopback0測(cè)試網(wǎng)絡(luò)的通透性 R1#ping 0 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 0, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent

21、(5/5), R1#ping 0Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos toround-trip min/avg/max = 88/100/120 m0, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), 5.調(diào)試RIP,分析結(jié)果 R2#debug ip rip RIP protocol debugging is on R2# *Mar 1 01:08:10.331: RIP: sending FastEthernet0/0 ()RIP: build

22、update /24 via /24 viaround-trip min/avg/max = 60/69/84 msv2 update tovia*Mar*Mar*Mar*MarR2#*Mar1111010101010808080810.33110.33110.33110.335entries,/24 via ,01:08:17.359:metricmetricmetric 1,1,2,tag 0tag 0tag 0RIP: received v2 update from onFastEthernet0/1*Mar 1 01:08:17.359:6.將R3接口 f0/1關(guān)閉，分析R2調(diào)試結(jié)果，

23、很長(zhǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)端口不可達(dá)。 R2#*Mar 1 01:30:34.647:FastEthernet0/1*Mar 1 01:30:34.647:R2#*Mar 1 01:30:36.035:FastEthernet0/0*Mar 1 01:30:36.039:R2#*Mar 1 01:31:12.567:(0)/24 via in 1 hopsRIP: received v2 update from /24 via in 1 hopsRIP: received v2 update from /24 via in 1 hopsRIP: sending v2 update toononvia Loopb

24、ack0*Mar1 013112.567*Mar1 013112.567*Mar1 013112.567*Mar1 013112.571*Mar1 013112.571*Mar1 013112.575RIP: build update/24 via/24 viaentries,/24 via ,/24 via ,RIP: ignored v2 packet frommetric 2,metric 2,metric 1, metric 1,i 0tag 0tag 0tag 0tag 0(sourced froone of ourR2#undebugaddresses) all7.保存路由配置R1

25、#copy run starDestination filename startup-config?Building configuration.OKR2#copy run starDestination filename startup-config?Building configuration.OK8.抓取RIPv2包在R1和R2之間的鏈路上R.1 Fdhil(hig R2 rdSiEU t-rdp ell X G r 笠 / 4 二三 W-3.TineiSour-ccles iirLiti mFrot-ocij-l L bog th. Cnfc?7 21.31S7131p27.12+22

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