自考00015英語（二）自考小抄筆記資料

1、目錄Unit 1Unit 2Unit 3Unit 4Unit 5Unit 6Unit 7Unit 8Unit 9Unit 10Unit 11Unit 12Unit 13Unit 14Unit 15模擬試卷單詞表organizational :gnaizeinl a.組織上的 goal gul n.1.目的，目標(biāo)；2.得分進(jìn)球，球門objective bdektiv n.目標(biāo)，目的；a.1.客觀的，真實(shí)的；2.如實(shí)的，無偏見的accomplish kmpli vt.完成任務(wù)等predict pridikt vt./vi.預(yù)言；預(yù)示accompany kmpni vt.1.伴隨，陪同；2.為伴奏完

2、整版 請加QQ：1273114568implement implimnt vt.實(shí)現(xiàn)；完成任務(wù)等；履行協(xié)定、諾言等constraint knstreint n.1.強(qiáng)制；2.強(qiáng)制因素，制約條件precedent presidnt n.先例，前例tendency tendnsi n.趨勢，傾向managerial mndiril a.1.經(jīng)理的，管理人的；2.管理上的，經(jīng)營上的maker meik n.制造者；制造商achievement ti:vmnt n.1.完成，到達(dá)；2.成就，成績attain tein vt.到達(dá)；完成optimal ptiml a.最適宜的；最理想的suboptimi

3、zation sbptimaizein n.局部最優(yōu)化指使整體目標(biāo)中的某個(gè)選定目標(biāo)圓滿實(shí)現(xiàn)trade-off treid argue budget bdit n.預(yù)算；vt.1.把編入預(yù)算；2.安排，預(yù)定scheme ski:m n.方案；方案；vt./vi.方案，籌劃define difain vt.1.解釋，給下定義；2.限定，規(guī)定multiple mprofitability prfitbiliti n.賺錢，獲利correctness krektnis n.正確，正確性unintended nintendid a.非方案中的，非成心的ongoing ngui a.進(jìn)行中的，前進(jìn)的ski

4、lled skild a.熟練的；有技能的in the way 擋路；礙事make a guess at 猜想and the like 等等，諸如此類seek to 追求，爭取in part 局部地，在某種程度上point of view 觀點(diǎn)interview intvju: vt./n.1.面談，采訪；2.面試，口試criticism kritisizm n.批評；評論vague veig a.模糊的；不明確的notion nun 1. 概念；2.想法，看法prospect prspekt n.1.展望，景象；2.常pl.前景，前程community kmju:niti n.社區(qū)；共同體u

5、nattractive ntrktiv a.無吸引力的；不引人注意的indifference indifrns n.冷漠；不感興趣tointerviewer intvju: n.接見者；面談?wù)遬ersonality p:snliti n.個(gè)性；人格；品格prospective prspektiv a.預(yù)期的；未來的speechless spi:tclarification klrifikein n.澄清，說明correspondence krispphotocopy futukinefficiency inifinsi n.無效；效能差neat ni:t a.整潔的；簡潔的；整齊的conser

6、vative kns:vtiv a.1.保存的，防腐的；2.保守的，守舊的punk pintimidate intimideit vt.恐嚇，恫嚇clutch klt vt./vi.抓住，握緊grip grip vt./n.1.緊握，緊夾；2.掌握，控制rephrase rifreiz vt.重新措辭，改用別的話表示 apply for 申請day to day =day-to-day work 日常工作take the trouble to 不辭勞苦，費(fèi)力put oneself in somebodys place 設(shè)身處地to ones advantage 對某人有利in hand 手頭上

7、有at a disadvantage 處于不利地位astronomer strescape iskeip vi./vt.逃跑；防止；n.1.逃跑；2.逃路，出口exert igz:t vt.盡力；發(fā)揮威力等； 施加壓力等；產(chǎn)生影響等；行使職權(quán)等explode iksplud vt.使爆炸；vi.爆炸；突發(fā)density densiti n.1.密集度，稠密度；2.物化密度完整版 請加QQ：1273114568 collapse klps vt./vi./n使倒塌，使崩潰；使瓦解supernova sju:pnuv n.天超新星daytime deitaim n.白天，日間dwarf dw:f

8、n.1.矮子；2.天矮星= star，如太陽shrink rik vt./vi./n.收縮；縮小；vi./n.退縮，畏縮gravity grviti n.1.嚴(yán)肅，認(rèn)真；2.嚴(yán)重性，重要性；3.物重力，地球引力marble m:bl n.1. 游戲用的玻璃、石頭等做的彈子；2.大理石；a.大理石的，大理石般的boundary baundri n.分界線，邊界observer bz:v n.1.遵守者，奉行者；2.觀察者，監(jiān)視者interchangeable int:teindbl a.可交換的；可互換的constant knstnt a.1.永恒的，經(jīng)久不變的；2.經(jīng)常的，不斷的；n.數(shù) 常數(shù)

9、measurement memnt n.衡量，測量implication implikein n.1.含意，暗示；2.牽連，涉及，卷入launch l:nt vt.1.發(fā)射，投射；2.使船下水；3.發(fā)動，發(fā)起運(yùn)動等；n.發(fā)射，船下水galaxy glksi n.1.天星系，G-銀河系，銀河；2.一群出色或著名的人物convincing knvinsi a.有說服力的，使人信服的binary bainri ，雙，復(fù)；2.數(shù)二進(jìn)制的；n.1.二，雙體，復(fù)體；twin twin a.1.雙胞胎的；2.兩個(gè)相似局部組成的；n.1.雙胞胎之一，pl. 雙胞胎；2.兩個(gè)相象的人或物；3.Twins天雙子座

10、companion kmpnjn n.1.同伴，同事；2.天伴星speculation spekjulei完整版 請加QQ：1273114568 swallow swoperate preit vi.1.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，起作用；2.動手術(shù)on， upon；vt.1.操作，操縱，經(jīng)營；2.對動手術(shù)research into 研究speculation about 關(guān)于猜想重點(diǎn)短語完整版 請加QQ：1273114568 Unit 1-A 1course of action行動步驟，辦事程序，做事方案 what is the best course of action we can take?我們采取什么方法

11、最好? Your best course of action is to forget about the whole unfortunate matter你最好的方法是忘掉這一切不幸。2in the way擋路，阻礙，阻礙 Im afraid your car is in the way看來你的汽車擋著道了。 I left them aloneas I felt I was in the way我覺得自己礙他們的事，就走了。3to make a guess at對進(jìn)行猜想 Make a guess at an answer，please!請猜一下答案! If I might make a g

12、uess(at her age)，Id say she was about 30要讓我猜(她年齡)的話，我看她大概三十歲。4to blind sb to sth使某人看不到某物，使某人對某物喪失判斷力 His desire to do it blinded him to all the difficulties他急于做事的愿望讓他對困難一無所知。 Her lore for him blinded her to his faults她非常愛他，這讓她對他的缺點(diǎn)喪失了判斷力。5to contribute to sth 1)促成，導(dǎo)致 Does smoking contribute to lung

13、cancer?吸煙會導(dǎo)致肺癌嗎? Carelessness contributed to his errors粗心大意造成了他的錯(cuò)誤。2)有助于，增添 Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject她的著作非常有助于我們對這個(gè)難題的了解。 We hope your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem我們希望你的建議將有助于解決這個(gè)問題。，3)捐助，捐贈，奉獻(xiàn) to contribute aid to refugee

14、scontribute to the Red Cross 向難民提供援助捐助紅十字會 Everyone should contribute what he can afford to it人人都應(yīng)該盡自己的能力做奉獻(xiàn)。4)撰稿，投稿 She has contributed to literary magazines她給幾家文學(xué)刊物投了稿。6a state of affairs情況，局勢 What a shocking state of affairs!局勢真驚人哪! That was the state of affairs before the election選舉前的情況就是那樣。7to

15、seek to do sth設(shè)法做某事 They are seeking to mislead他們竭力進(jìn)行誤導(dǎo)。 They sought to bring their conflict to an end他們試圖結(jié)束沖突。8the scheme of things事物的規(guī)律，安排 In the scheme of things，it is hard for small businesses to succeed一般來說(按事物的規(guī)律)，小本生意難做。9in part局部地；在某種程度上 His success was due in part to luck在某種程度上，他成功靠的是運(yùn)氣。 We

16、re losing money-in part because，with our ancient computers，we cant stay competitive我們在賠錢-在某種程度上是因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)杂门f的計(jì)算機(jī)，缺乏競爭力。10vary fromto從變?yōu)?；在與之間變化 Her mood varied from optimism to extreme depression她的情緒一下子由樂觀變?yōu)闃O度消沉。 These fish vary in weight from 31b to 5lb這些魚的重量從三磅到五磅不等。Unit 1-B 1to apply for申請，請求 to apply

17、for a jobpostpassportvisascholarship 申請工作職位護(hù)照簽證獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 to apply to the publishers for the permission to reprint an extract 向出版者請求準(zhǔn)予轉(zhuǎn)印節(jié)錄2day-to-day 1)日常的，每日常規(guī)工作的 She has been looking after the day-today administration她一直做日常的管理工作。2)逐日的 I have organized the cleaning on a day-to-day basis，until the usual cl

18、eaner returns我已經(jīng)安排了清潔工回來前的逐日清潔工作。3to have no idea不知道；無能力 He has no idea how to manage people他根本不知道如何做人事工作。 You have no idea how worried I was!你根本不知道我有多么擔(dān)憂！4to take the trouble to do sth費(fèi)力做某事，不辭勞苦做某事 Decent journalists should take the trouble to check the facts責(zé)任心強(qiáng)的新聞工作者應(yīng)該不厭其煩地核實(shí)報(bào)導(dǎo)內(nèi)容。 Nobody took the

19、 trouble to comfort the angry woman沒有人費(fèi)力去勸勸那位憤怒的女人，5to put oneself in sbs place設(shè)身處地替某人著想 If you put yourself in my placeyou would understand it設(shè)身處地替我想一下，你就會理解的。 cfin sbs place處于某人的境地 What would you do in my place?你要是我會怎樣做? In her place Id sell the lot我要是她的話就全部賣掉。6to ones advantage對某人有利，對某人有幫助 You wi

20、ll find it to your advantage to learn some German before you visit Switzerland你會發(fā)現(xiàn)去瑞士前學(xué)一點(diǎn)德語將對你有好處。 It would be to our mutual advantage to continue the training centre把培訓(xùn)中心繼續(xù)辦下去對我們雙方都有好處。 cfto ones disadvantage對某人不利，有損某人的聲譽(yù) It would be to your disadvantage to invest in the project在這個(gè)工程上投資對你會十分不利。 Hav

21、e you heard of the turnouts to his disadvantage?你聽說那些對他不利的謠言了嗎?7at a disadvantage處于不利地位 His inability to speak English put him at a disadvantage他不會說英語，這使他很吃虧。 They are working at a great disadvantage他們正在非常不利的情況下工作。8to ask for要求，請求 Did you ask(your boss)for a pay increase?你請求(老板)加薪了嗎? Driving after d

22、rinking alcohol is asking for trouble酒后開車是自討苦吃。9in hand 1)在手中(持有)；在手頭(隨時(shí)可用) I still have some money in hand我手頭還有些錢。2)在控制下 We have the situation well in hand我們完全控制住了局面。3)正在辦理、處理之中 The work is in hand and will soon be completed這項(xiàng)工作正在進(jìn)行之中，不久即可完成。10to make sure(ofthat)1)弄清楚，核實(shí)，查明 I think the doors locke

23、dbut Id better go and make sure(of itthat it is)我想門已經(jīng)鎖了，但我最好還是去查實(shí)一下。2)設(shè)法確保 We have made arrangements to make sure that the visit goes well 為確保參觀順利進(jìn)行我們已經(jīng)做了安排。11to turn down 1)to turn sbsth down頂回，拒不理會，拒絕 He tried to join the army but was turned down because of poor health他想?yún)④?，但因身體欠佳而被斷然拒絕。 He asked J

24、ane to marry him but she turned him down他請求簡嫁給他，可她拒絕了。2)to turn sth down調(diào)節(jié)(爐具、收音機(jī)等)使熱量、音量、溫度等降低 Dont forget to turn down the gas after an hour or so別忘了過一小時(shí)左右把煤氣關(guān)小點(diǎn)兒。 Turn the taperecorder down-Im trying to get some sleep把錄音機(jī)關(guān)小點(diǎn)兒-我想睡一會兒。12as soon as一就，不遲于 He left as soon as he heard the news他一聽到這消息就走

25、了。 Ill tell him as soon as possible我會盡快告訴他的。重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)句子詳解Unit 1-A 1A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available決策就是從可選的行動方案中做出選擇。本句中“course of action是固定搭配，意為“行動步驟；辦事程序；做事方案。that從句為定語從句，修飾courses，介詞短語amongavailable作from的賓語，另如：They were mostly elected from among t

26、he workers他們大多數(shù)是從工人中選出來的。He took his watch from under the pillow他從枕頭下把表拿了出來。We didnt meet until after the show我們直到演出后才見面。2some suggest that the management process is decision making有人認(rèn)為管理過程就是決策過程。當(dāng)suggest意為“建議時(shí)，后面從句中的謂語動詞使用虛擬語氣，即 “(should)+動詞原形形式，而當(dāng)suggest表達(dá)“認(rèn)為；提出；暗示 時(shí)，那么不用虛擬語氣。例如：It is suggested th

27、at the meeting(should)be held at some other time人們建議會議改期進(jìn)行。She smiled，but her eyes suggested that she was not happy at all她笑了笑，但眼神卻顯示出她并不幸福。Are you suggesting that I am too old for the job?你是說我老得干不了這份工作? 3.decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them決策既包括識別選項(xiàng)又包括縮小選項(xiàng)范圍。在

28、A as well as B結(jié)構(gòu)中，語義側(cè)重點(diǎn)通常在A項(xiàng)，一般可理解為“不僅B，而且A或“既B又A。例如：There are advantages as well as disadvantages of friction摩擦力既有消極作用，也有積極作用。課文譯文Unit 1-A什么是決策?決策就是從現(xiàn)成的行動方案中做出選擇，它旨在確立并實(shí)現(xiàn)組織機(jī)構(gòu)的目標(biāo)及指標(biāo)。之所以要決策，是因?yàn)橛袉栴}存在，目標(biāo)或指標(biāo)錯(cuò)誤，或者有某種東西阻礙了它們的實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此，決策過程對于管理至關(guān)重要。管理者所做的一切幾乎都與決策有關(guān)。事實(shí)上，有人認(rèn)為管理過程就是決策過程。管理者雖然不能預(yù)測未來，但很多決策要求他們考慮未來可

29、能發(fā)生的情況。通常，他們必須對未來事態(tài)做出最正確猜想，使偶然情況盡可能少地發(fā)生。不過，由于未知情況總是存在，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與決策那么往往相伴。有時(shí)，決策的疏漏不會造成嚴(yán)重的后果，但有時(shí)后果那么不堪設(shè)想。選擇就是從不同選項(xiàng)中進(jìn)行取舍。沒有選擇，就沒有決策。決策制訂就是選擇的過程，而且許多決策有著很廣的選擇范圍。例如，學(xué)生為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己獲得學(xué)位的目標(biāo)，就可能從多門課程中進(jìn)行選擇。對管理者來說，每次決策都受到政策、程序、法律、慣例等因素的制約。這些制約存在于一個(gè)組織的方方面面。選項(xiàng)就是可供選擇的種種行動方案。沒有選項(xiàng)，就沒有選擇，當(dāng)然也談不上決策。如果看不到任何選項(xiàng)，通常說明對問題尚未進(jìn)行全面的分析研究。例如，

30、管理者看待問題，有時(shí)采取兩者擇一(非此即彼)的方式，把復(fù)雜的問題簡單化。這種傾向使他們難以看到某些選項(xiàng)。在管理層次上，制訂決策包括識別選項(xiàng)及縮小選項(xiàng)范圍兩個(gè)方面，這個(gè)范圍可以從極為狹窄到近乎無限不等。決策者必須掌握某種方法判定其中的最正確選項(xiàng)，也就是說，哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)對實(shí)現(xiàn)組織目標(biāo)最為有利。組織目標(biāo)指該組織要努力完成或到達(dá)的目的或情形。由于個(gè)人(和組織)對實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的方式常常見解不一，最正確選擇可能就取決于決策者了。有時(shí)，一個(gè)組織的下屬機(jī)構(gòu)做出的決策有利于自己的個(gè)體利益，但對上一級部門來說，卻并非最正確選擇，這種增加局部機(jī)構(gòu)的利益，同時(shí)減少其他機(jī)構(gòu)的利益，在不能兩全情況下做出的取舍，即所謂的局部最優(yōu)化

31、。例如，市場經(jīng)理為增加廣告預(yù)算，可能講得頭頭是道，然而，從全局方案來看，增加優(yōu)化產(chǎn)品的研究經(jīng)費(fèi)也許對整個(gè)組織有更多好處。這種權(quán)衡利弊進(jìn)行取舍的做法之所以存在，是因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)組織想要同時(shí)到達(dá)的目標(biāo)很多。有些目標(biāo)雖然相比之下更為重要，但其重要性及緊迫性往往因人因部門而各不相同。不同的管理者對同一問題有著不同的看法，當(dāng)他們面對一件日常事例時(shí)，銷售經(jīng)理趨向于看銷售問題，生產(chǎn)經(jīng)理著眼于生產(chǎn)問題，如此等等。一個(gè)組織多種目標(biāo)的緊迫性與重要性局部地取決于決策者的價(jià)值觀念。這種價(jià)值具有個(gè)人色彩，而且復(fù)雜多變，他們自己甚至也因此難以捉摸。在很多商業(yè)場合，對于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與收益，不同的人有不同的接受標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這使他們對決策正確與否

32、也看法各異。人們常常認(rèn)為，決策是一個(gè)孤立的現(xiàn)象。但從系統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)看，問題的產(chǎn)生有多種原因，決策既有預(yù)期的結(jié)果，也有意料之外的結(jié)果。一個(gè)組織是一個(gè)在開展中的實(shí)體，今天所作的決策可能在很遠(yuǎn)的將來才會有結(jié)果，因此，老練的管理者決策時(shí)總是放眼未來。課后答案Unit 1-A Exercises for the Text 閱讀理解 1dall of the above 2Cdecision making also means risk taking 3CAlternatives，choice，decision 4ais good for a large organization 5dpersonal bel

33、iefs 從課文中找出以下詞語的同義詞 1alternative 2。fundamental 3accompany 4implement 5precedent 6attain 7objectives 8vary 9multiple l0isolate 詞義搭配 1Cmake decisions 2ddesign programs 3isolve problems 4jsurvive accidents 5gseize opportunities 6epursue studies 7hattain goals 8aearn money 9fconsume time l0bpay debts 完形

34、填空 One evening while my wife and I were entertaining our dinnerguests，our five-year-old daughter Debbie helped her mother serve dessert(甜食)Debbie brought the first slice of pie from the kitchen andplaced the plate in front of me.I politely passed it to the woman next tomeDebbie put another slice of

35、pie before me and again watched as Ipassed it to another guest“You might as well keep it，my daughtersaidTheyre all the same size 漢譯英 1Decision makers should make a best guess at what the future will be 2Some people suggest that everything a manager does involves decisions 3If there is no right choic

36、ethere is no right decision to be made 4Solutions vary because different people define the same problem in different terms 5A decision maker is usually the key to business development of a company。 完整版 請加QQ：1273114568 Vocabulary Exercises 用所紿單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1abe organized borganizational Corganization 2as

37、imple bsimplified Csimply dsimplification 3aprofit bprofitable cprofitability 4aintention bintended cunintended 用以下單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1precedent 2skilled 3achievement 4implement 5optimal 6goal 7accomplish 8accompanies 9tendency l0ongoing 漢譯英 1He was accompanied to the concert by his friends 2He has argued he

38、r out of her decision 3His success was due in part to luck 4In accordance with his suggestionthe procedure has been remarkably simplified 5The broadcast station predicted that it would be colder tomorrow 6Movement is defined as a change in position or place單元測試題Unit 1 Vocabulary and Structure 從以下各句四

39、個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最正確答案。1Franklins ability to learn from observations and experience _ greatly to his success in public lifeAowed Bcontributed Crelated Dattached 2She did not go there with them，as she felt she was _ Aby the way Bin no way Cin the way Din a way 3His words and expression suggested that he _ sat

40、isfied with the answerAwas Bshould Cbe Dis 4The handwriting is difficult to _ Aread Bbe read Creading Dbeing reading 5The importance of multiple objectives is also based _ ，on the values of the decision makerAin ahead Bin hand Cin part Don the part 6They wrote a letter of thanks to _ had helped them

41、Awho Bwhom Cwhomever Dwhoever 7Toms fluent English gives him an advantage _ other boys for the jobAabove Bwith Cthan D over 8He tried to join the army but was _ because of his poor healthAturned over Bturned on Cturned down Dturned back 9We made plans for a visit but _ difficulties with the car prev

42、ented itAsubordinate Bsubsequent Cafterward Dconsequent 10He has no word to say this matterAas for Bas to Cas since Das far as Word Spelling 將以下漢語單詞譯成英語。作為提示，每個(gè)單詞的詞類、首字母及用短線表示的其余字母數(shù)均已給出。1完成，實(shí)現(xiàn) v. a _ 2后果，結(jié)果 n. c _ 3目標(biāo)，目的 no _ 4定義，解釋 nd _ 5現(xiàn)象 n. P _ 6伴隨，陪同 v. a _ 7識別 v i _ 8趨勢 n. t _ 9社區(qū)；共同體 n c _ 10

43、保守的；保存的 adj. e _ 11預(yù)言；預(yù)示 v. P _ 12方案；方案 n s _ 13熟練的；有技能的 adj. s _ 14到達(dá)；完成 v. a _ 15當(dāng)前的 adj. c _ 16面試；面談 n i _ 17展望，景象 nP _ 18個(gè)性；人格 nP _ 19澄清；說明 n e _ 20批評；評論 n c _ Word Form 將括號中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)形式填入空白。完整版 請加QQ：12731145681If he should fail，we _ (courage)him to try again2She stood up _ (see)better3He spent a _

44、 (profit)afternoon in the library4For the sake of _ (simple)。the tax form is divided into three sections5Her _ (cold)of manner and apparent aloofness distressed him greatly6When Bobs father died。he、received many peoples help and _ (sympathetic)7These people remain _ (isolate)from the outside society

45、 even nowadays8As the wages were low，there were few _ (apply)for this position9We _ (object)to accepting his advice10They filed downstairs with the job _ (accomplish)Cloze Test 卞面短文有10個(gè)空白。每個(gè)空白有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上下文要求選出最正確答案。Your purpose，as a student，should be to master all your subjectsTo do 1 is necessary to

46、work steadily throughout the year，not just in the last few weeks before your examinationsKeep up-to-date with course workweek 2 weekso that you have time to think about each subject，to undertake background reading，and to learn as you go along. If your days and weeks are 3 organized，you should be up-

47、to date with your studies at the end of each week andthereforeat the end of each 4 You can then use each vacation，depending upon its 5 ， as an opportunity for a short break from your studies-for a few days in a short vacation or for two or three weeks in a long vacationBut remember that college vaca

48、tions are not intended to be holidays 6 should they be devoted entirely to paid employmentMost full-time students spend a little more than half of each year at collegeIn vacations，therefore，allocate many hours to active study to keep each subject 7 in your mind and to build upon the foundations laid

49、 at collegeDo not waste timeWithout planning at the start of each vacation，and 8 self-discipline every day，you may find that the time slips away and you achieve little or 9 You can easily lose an hour by getting up late，then lose another reading a newspaper or magazine after breakfast，and so onInste

50、ad， 10 positive：regard each vacation as an opportunity for revision，consolidation，and background reading，as well as for recreation，so that you comer to feel that you know your subjects and are well prepared for the next terms work1Athis Bit Cthis it Dit this 2Aby Bafter Cfor Dand 3Afull Bwell Chigh

51、Dsuch 4Aterm Bday Ccourse Dsubject 5Aperiod B1ength Cshape Dvalue 6ANo BNot CNone DNor 7A1ive B1ived Calive DNor 8Aexceeding Bexecuting Cexercising Dexciting 9Aanything Beverything Csomething Dnothing 10Abe Bbeing Cbeen Dto be Reading Comprehension 閱讀下面短文。從短文的問題后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最正確答案。If a business is to

52、 be startedfunds must first be obtained from some sourceThe money may come from the would-be businessmans personal savings or it may be borrowed from a bankWhateverthe source，the money has to be obtained and，when it has obtained，it must be properly handledWhen a business has been formed，a number of

53、important decisions will have to be made，such as what premises are to be used and，for a manufacturing concern，what plant and machinery will be neededThen a supplier has to be found，from whom the materials needed for manufacturing the product-the raw materials-will be obtained，and the terms of credit

54、 will have to be agreedThen there are a number of other decisions to be made，such as how many people are to be employed and what equipment they will need，how many telephones are to be installed，etc. And all of these will require financingOnce these decisions have been made，it will be necessary to im

55、plement them and start the manufacturing process as soon as possibleUntil the business has a product for which there is a demand，and has succeeded in selling that product，there will be a continuous drain from the pool of moneyIf the business finances are not properly managed，it may well disappear al

56、togetherThe successful integration of people and materials requires good managementand the more effectively this is done，the better for the business1In the authors opinion，what is the first thing you need if you want to start up a new business? AA managerBMoneyCA supplierDA market2A would-be busines

57、sman is one who _ Aused to be a businessman Bis engaged in business Cintends to do business as his career Dhas saved a large amount of money for business 3Mentioned in the second paragraph are _ examples of decisions to be made when a business has been formedAfour Bfive Csix Dseven 4Why is it good t

58、o start production as soon as possible? AIn order to begin earning moneyBTo meet the demand of the customersCTo supply the market with the productsDTo have a continuous drain from the pool of money5The best title for the passage would be _ AHow to Make Money BHOW to Make a Decision CHow to Start Up

59、a Business DA Guide to Good Management Translation from Chinese into English 將下面的句子譯成英語。1這種事情因人而異。2對管理者來說，每次決策都受到政策、程序、法律、慣例等因素的制約。3我們想知道是誰把人定義為理性動物的。4從系統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)看，問題的產(chǎn)生有很多種原因，決策既有預(yù)期的結(jié)果，也有意料之外的結(jié)果。5他們充分利用了旅館的設(shè)備。Translation from English into Chinese 將下面短文譯成漢語。Decision making is choosingBut decision making

60、requires you to think about what you are doingDecision making involves choosing from a number of alternatives what will be best for youDecision making is knowing when you need to make a choiceSome choices are made frequently，and how they turn out does not make much differenceOther choices can have v