機(jī)械制造常用詞匯匯總

1、 . . 10/10機(jī)械制造常用詞匯匯總 日期： HYPERLINK :/ materials1） 金屬材料的力學(xué)特性mechanical properties強(qiáng)度Strength塑性plasticity強(qiáng)度Strength塑性plasticity硬度 hardness韌性Toughness屈服強(qiáng)度 Yield strength抗拉強(qiáng)度 Tensile strength布氏硬度Brinell hardness布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness維氏硬度 Vickers hardness2) 常用工程材料Common Engineering Mat

2、erials普通低合金general structure low-alloy steel易切鋼普通低合金general structure low-alloy steel易切鋼Automatic Steel滲碳鋼 carburized steel調(diào)質(zhì)鋼Hardened And Tempered Steel彈簧鋼 spring steel滾動(dòng)軸承鋼 Rolling bearings Steel碳素鋼Carbon steel合金鋼Alloy Steel灰鑄鋼 cast gray steel球墨鑄鋼ductile cast steel可煅鑄鋼Casting, malleable iron銅合金Cop

3、per alloy鋁合金aluminium alloy刀具鋼Cutlery Steel刀具鋼Cutlery Steel模具鋼 Die Steel量具鋼 gauge steel合金工具鋼alloy tool steel合金工具鋼alloy tool steel不銹鋼 stainless steel不銹鋼 stainless steel耐熱鋼 refractory steel耐磨鋼 Abrasion-Resistant Steel特殊鋼 special steel特殊鋼 special steel粉末冶金粉末冶金powder metallurgy硬質(zhì)合金 硬質(zhì)合金 Hard alloy2. 鋼的熱

4、處理工藝Heat treatment完全退火fullannealing完全退火fullannealing球化退火spheroidizing annealing去應(yīng)力退火stressrelievingannealing退火annealing正火normalizing淬火quenching回火tempering表面淬火surface quenching滲碳carburization滲氮nitriding常用機(jī)床machine tool臥式車床 臥式車床 Lathes, horizontal單軸立式車床 single column vertical lathe臺(tái)式車床 bench lathe立式車床

5、 Lathes, vertical搖臂車床 radial lathe單臂刨床 open-side planing machine插床 Slotting machines龍門(mén)刨床Planing machine臥式升降臺(tái)銑床horizontal lifting platform milling machine立式升降臺(tái)銑床lifting platform milling machine龍門(mén)銑床 planer-type milling machine滾齒機(jī)gear hobbing machine外圓磨床External cylindrical grinding machines內(nèi)圓磨床interna

6、l cylindrical grinding machine平面磨床surface grinder拉床 broaching machine插齒機(jī)gear shaper數(shù)控機(jī)床Computerized Numerical Control數(shù)控車床 CNC lathes數(shù)控洗床 CNC milling machine數(shù)控車床 CNC lathes數(shù)控洗床 CNC milling machine加工中心 CNC Machining Center軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工機(jī)床 axes linkage machine tool復(fù)合加工機(jī)床 composite machine tool刀具cutter硬質(zhì)合金焊接式車刀c

7、arbide welded cutter硬質(zhì)合金焊接式車刀carbide welded cutter機(jī)夾式車刀 Turning tools車刀 lathe tool成形車刀formed turning tool 銑刀Milling cutter鉆削鉆頭drill鉆削鉆頭drill深孔鉆deep-hole drill擴(kuò)孔鉆expanding drill， 锪鉆countersink drill，鉸刀reamer與鏜刀boring tool孔加工復(fù)合刀具 combination cutting tool 孔加工刀具(piercing cutters)圓孔圓孔round花鍵spline鍵槽key g

8、roove推刀push broach 拉刀broaching絲錐tap絲錐tap螺紋滾壓工具 螺紋刀具chasing tool 齒輪刀具Gear Cutters 插齒刀gear shaper cutter 剃齒刀gear shaving cutter 齒輪滾刀gear hob 蝸輪滾刀worm hob 錐齒滾刀 自動(dòng)線刀具automatic line cutter6 測(cè)量器具measuring instrument游標(biāo)卡尺游標(biāo)卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers百分表dial indicator萬(wàn)能角度尺mullti-functional compasse

9、s塞尺Feeler gauges刀口形直尺Knife straight edge三坐標(biāo)測(cè)量?jī)xcoordinate measuring machine工件夾具fixtures and jigs斜楔夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)斜楔夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)螺旋夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)偏心夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)鉸鏈夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)定心夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)聯(lián)動(dòng)夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)機(jī)械增力機(jī)構(gòu)8. 液壓傳動(dòng)Hydraulic Power Transmission液壓泵液壓泵hydraulic pump液壓馬達(dá)hydraulic motor液壓缸Hydraulic cylinder控制閥control valve輔助裝置supplemental devices方向控制閥 direction contro

10、l valve壓力控制閥 pressure control valve方向控制閥 direction control valve壓力控制閥 pressure control valve流量控制閥 flow control valve濾油器濾油器oil filter油箱oil tank蓄能器Accumulator壓力表開(kāi)關(guān)pressure meter switch管道與管接頭pipes & fittings形位公差Geometrical Tolerance公差配合公差配合tolerance fit表面粗糙度Surface roughness表面形狀和位置公差shape and position

11、tolerance10. 機(jī)械零件 mechanical parts盤(pán)類盤(pán)類軸類箱體類焊接類沖壓類鑄造類螺紋類11. 機(jī)械零件 mechanical parts凸輪Cam滾子roller棘輪ratchet螺栓螺栓bolt螺母nut螺釘bolt帶輪帶輪平帶flat beltV帶 V belt圓形帶circular belt同步帶 timing belt鏈輪 鏈輪 sprocket wheel鏈條 chain滾子鏈boom chain齒輪gear齒輪gear直齒圓柱齒輪 straight toothed spur gear直齒錐齒輪straight bevel gear渦輪turbo渦桿Vorte

12、x bar齒輪箱Gear box減速器Reducer軸 軸 axis曲軸Crank shaft傳動(dòng)軸Transmission Shaft平鍵平鍵flat key半圓鍵woodruff key花鍵spline軸承軸承bearing滾動(dòng)軸承Rolling Bearing滑動(dòng)軸承plain bearing聯(lián)軸器聯(lián)軸器coupling剛性聯(lián)軸器Rigid coupling擾性聯(lián)軸器彈性聯(lián)軸器Flexible coupling離合器離合器clutch超越離合器free-wheeling clutch摩擦離合器Friction Clutches牙嵌式離合器Jaw clutch彈簧 spring彈簧 spr

13、ing圓柱螺旋彈簧Cylindrically helical spring盤(pán)簧coiled spring板彈簧Leaf spring12. 鉗工工藝ocksmith劃線劃線鏨削chopping銼削filing鋸削scaling鉆孔drilling擴(kuò)孔counterbore锪孔counterbore鉸孔reaming攻螺紋ensat threaded 套螺紋矯正和彎曲刮削gouging研磨polishing鉚接rivet joint13. 裝配工藝Assembly部件裝配Assembly部件裝配Assembly總裝配 final assembly調(diào)整 adjust精度檢驗(yàn) precision i

14、nspection試車trial噴漆 spray-paint涂油annoit裝箱 encase14. 特種加工 special process電火花加工 （EDM）電火花加工 （EDM）Electric Discharge Machine電火花線切割加工 (WEDM) Wire cut Electrical Discharge Machining激光加工 (LBM) Laser Beam Machining超聲清洗ultrasonic cleaning失蠟鑄造investement casting失蠟鑄造investement casting低壓鑄造Low Pressure Casting壓力

15、鑄造pressure casting金屬鑄造離心鑄造centrifugal casting手工造型 manual casting手工造型 manual casting特種鑄造 special casting16. 鍛壓forge and press自由鍛造 free forge自由鍛造 free forge胎膜鍛造 moulding forge17. 沖壓 punching剪床剪床shearing machine沖床 punching machine沖壓設(shè)備punching equipments沖壓設(shè)備punching equipments沖壓工序punching processes沖裁沖裁g

16、ouging彎曲bending拉深（伸）stretching18. 焊接成形 welding熔焊 welding熔焊 welding壓焊pressure welding釬焊brazing/ soldering氣焊氣焊gas welding氣割gas cutting氬弧焊 HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(showjd_0,j_0)argon arc welding二氧化碳?xì)怏w保護(hù)焊 HYPERLINK :/ dioxide arc welding(埋弧焊 HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(showjd_0,j_0)submerged arc

17、welding電渣焊electroslag welding電阻焊resistance welding摩擦焊friction welding19. 鋼鐵零件表面預(yù)處理 pretreatment for steel parts磨光burnish磨光burnish拋光polish滾光除油degrease除銹derusting磷化phosphate20. 鋁合金表面預(yù)處理 pretreatment for aluminum alloy 除油degrease除油degrease去除氧化膜remove oxide film轉(zhuǎn)化處理conversion treatment21. 塑料表面預(yù)處理 pretre

18、atment for plastics退火退火anneal脫脂 degrease除塵，除靜電 HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(showjd_0,j_0)dust removal ; HYPERLINK :/ clouding & roughening鍍鋅 zinc plating鍍銅 copper plating鍍鋅 zinc plating鍍銅 copper plating鍍鎳 HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(showjd_0,j_0)nickel plating鍍鉻 HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(show

19、jd_0,j_0)chromium plating電鍍單金屬 single metal電鍍單金屬 single metal電鍍合金 Alloy暗鎳/半亮鎳/光亮鎳/裝飾鉻暗鎳/半亮鎳/光亮鎳/裝飾鉻半亮鎳/高硫鎳/光亮鎳/裝飾鉻半亮鎳/光亮鎳/應(yīng)力鎳/微裂紋鉻半亮鎳/高硫鎳/光亮鎳/封閉鎳/微孔鉻23. 電鍍層檢驗(yàn) plating inspection外觀 外觀 appearance結(jié)合力binding force耐蝕性 （鹽霧試驗(yàn)） HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(showjd_0,j_0)salt spray test鍍層厚度 thickness of plat