Book6Unit2SectionⅢGrammar-虛擬語氣(Ⅱ)概要課件

1、Unit 2 PoemsSection Grammar - 虛擬語氣 （）第2步第1步第3步第1頁，共34頁。第2頁，共34頁。第3頁，共34頁。第4頁，共34頁。第5頁，共34頁。1If you had come earlier, you would not have missed the exciting scene in the movie.2If you had told me the news yesterday, I wouldnt be so worried now.3Had I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.第6頁，共34

2、頁。4But for your advice, I would have failed.5He treats the little girl as if she were his own daughter.6Its high time that we began the work.7Its necessary that we (should) learn English well.8If only I had not been busy last week.第7頁，共34頁。我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)在表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣時，條件句的謂語動詞用“ ”形式表示，而主句謂語動詞則用“would/sho

3、uld/might/couldhave過去分詞”表示。(如例句1)(2)當條件句的謂語中有had，were或should時，可將if省略，同時將had，were或should提到從句主語的前面，形成 。(如例句3)had過去分詞倒裝第8頁，共34頁。(3)當主從句所指的時間 時，其謂語動詞應(yīng)分別根據(jù) 自己的具體情況采用適當?shù)男问健?如例句2)(4)有時某些介詞短語、副詞或上下文可以表示虛擬條件， 這種虛擬語氣叫 。(如例句4)(5)as if引導(dǎo)的從句所表達的內(nèi)容不是事實時，其謂語動詞應(yīng) 用 。(如例句5)(6)虛擬語氣還用于某些 中。(如例句6、7和8)不一致含蓄條件句虛擬語氣特殊句式(結(jié)構(gòu)

4、)第9頁，共34頁。第10頁，共34頁。一、與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句含義動詞形式與過去事實相反條件句主句had過去分詞would/could/ should/mighthave過去分詞If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.如果你當時聽取我的忠告，你考試不會不及格的。第11頁，共34頁。如果你當時聽從老師的建議，你會考試及格的。If you your teachers advice, you exam.要是當時你沒有幫助我們，我們就不會取得如此大的進步。If you us, we such grea

5、t progress.had followed would have passedthehadn t helped couldn t have made 第12頁，共34頁。二、省略if的虛擬條件句當虛擬條件句的謂語中有were, had或should時，可以將從屬連詞if省略，同時將were, had或should放到主語之前，構(gòu)成倒裝。Were I a bird, I could fly freely.If I were a bird, I could fly freely.假如我是一只小鳥，我就能自由翱翔。第13頁，共34頁。Should it rain next week, we wo

6、uld put the sports meeting off.If it should rain next week, we would put the sports meeting off.要是下周下雨的話，我們就推遲運動會。If we had known each other earlier, I would have helped you to set up the company.Had we known each other earlier, I would have helped you to set up the company.如果我們早就認識的話，我就幫助你開辦公司了。第14

7、頁，共34頁。If they were here now, they could help us. here now, they could help us.If it should rain, the crops would be saved. , the crops would be saved.WeretheyShoulditrain第15頁，共34頁。三、錯綜時間條件句當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，被稱為“錯綜時間條件句”，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。If I were you, I would have taken his advic

8、e.(從句指現(xiàn)在，主句指過去)如果我是你的話，我就接納他的建議了。If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now.(從句指過去，主句指現(xiàn)在)如果今天早上帶上雨衣的話，我現(xiàn)在就不會淋濕了。第16頁，共34頁。If I （be） you, I （not miss） yesterdays concert.If you （listen） to me, you wouldnt be in such trouble now.werewouldn t have missedhad listened 第17頁，共3

9、4頁。四、含蓄虛擬語氣有時假設(shè)的條件不通過條件從句表達出來，而是暗含在單詞、短語或上下文中，這時需要根據(jù)句中所表述的意義以及某些特定的信息詞來判斷此時需要采用的形式。常用詞或短語有：without, but for, but, or, otherwise等。Without your help, I couldnt have achieved all this.If it had not been for your help, I couldnt have achieved all this.第18頁，共34頁。要不是有你的幫助，我是不會取得這些成績的。But for the rain, we

10、would have finished the work on time.If it hadnt rained, we would have finished the work on time.要不是下雨，我們就準時完成那項工作了。Given more attention, the trees could have grown bet-ter.If they had been given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果給予更多的關(guān)照的話， 這些樹可以長得更好。第19頁，共34頁。Without your help, we

11、 couldnt （suc-ceed）.But for electricity, there （be） no modern indus-try.He felt very tired yesterday, otherwise he （help） you.Five minutes earlier and you （meet） her at the station.have succeeded would be would have helpedcould have met 第20頁，共34頁。五、虛擬語氣的其他用法(1)as if/as though引導(dǎo)的從句以及if only從句中的虛擬語氣as

12、 if/as though/if only時間謂語動詞的虛擬形式與過去相虛擬had過去分詞與現(xiàn)在相虛擬一般過去時(be動詞用were)與將來相虛擬would/could/might動詞原形第21頁，共34頁。He speaks English as though he were an American.他說英語好像他是美國人一樣。If only the driver didnt drive so fast!司機要是沒開那么快就好了！點津as if/as though如果有明顯的跡象表示“有可能實現(xiàn)的事實”時，不用虛擬語氣。It seems as if they know each other.

13、(真實情況)他們好像彼此認識。It seems as though it were already spring.(虛擬語氣)好像已經(jīng)是春天了。第22頁，共34頁。他以這樣的熱情工作，好像從來不知道累似的。He works with such enthusiasm as if he never tired-ness.我要是明年被北京大學(xué)錄取就好了！If only I into Beijing University next year!天太陰了，似乎要下雨。It is so cloudy.It looks as if it .knewwould be admitted is going to r

14、ain第23頁，共34頁。(2)Its (high/about) time后的從句用虛擬語氣從句謂語動詞常用過去時，也可用should動詞原形，should通常不省略。It is high time that people learnt English.正是人們學(xué)英語的時候。It is about time she should wash her clothes.是她該洗衣服的時候了。第24頁，共34頁。It s time that we （have） a meeting to talk about the problem.Its high time that we （study） hard.

15、had/should have studied/should study 第25頁，共34頁。(3)It isadj.that從句后的虛擬語氣從句謂語動詞用should動詞原形，should可以省略。常用的形容詞有urgent, necessary, essential, impor-tant, appropriate, advisable, preferable, natural, strange等。It was necessary that we should clean every room.我們必須打掃每一個房間。第26頁，共34頁。他得到這個獎是合適的。It is appropria

16、te that he the prize.真奇怪，她竟然沒有說再見就離開了。Its strange that she without saying good-bye.（should） get （should） have left 第27頁，共34頁。1(2012福建高考)We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yester-day. Avisited Bhad visitedCwould visit Dwould have visited解析：考查虛擬語氣。句意：我們在那個小村莊

17、里迷了路，否則我們昨天會看到更多的名勝。本題是由otherwise引出的含蓄條件句。由時間狀語yesterday可知，此處是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故選D。答案：D第28頁，共34頁。2(2011北京高考)Maybe if I _science, and not lit-erature then, I would be able to give you more help.AstudiedBwould studyChad studied Dwas studying解析：考查錯綜時間的虛擬語氣。主句用的是would be able to .表示對現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)，但由if從句中的then可知，從句表

18、示對過去情況的虛擬，故選C項。答案：C第29頁，共34頁。3(2011天津高考)I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.Ahad come Bwas comingCwould come Dwould have come解析：考查虛擬語氣。句意：我不知道他們一直在等我，要不然我肯定會迅速點兒。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是對過去的虛擬，故主句用“would have done”的形式，選D項。答案：D第30頁，共34頁。4(2011陜西高考)I _through that bitter period without your generous help. Acouldnt have gone Bdidnt go Cwouldnt go Dhadnt gone 第31頁，共34頁。解析：考查虛擬語氣。英語中， without, with, or, otherwise 等可構(gòu)成含蓄虛擬語氣，此處without your generous help相當于條件狀語從句“If it hadnt been your generous help”，表示與過去事實相反，此時句中的謂語動詞應(yīng)用sho